Commission deregulation and performance of securities firms: Further evidence from Japan

This study explores the impacts on small securities firms' performance of the multi-stage commission deregulation in Japan from 1994 to 1999. Different from previous findings, market volume does not rise while commission rates fall following each phase of the deregulation. Therefore, securities firms' stock performance tends to decline as the deregulation proceeds, contrasting with the stock price increase reported previously. Moreover, the negative price effect tends to vary with firm size and deregulation phase, consistent with the fact that securities firms of different sizes depend to different extent on commission income from transactions covered by different phases of the deregulation.

S&P 500 Affiliation and Stock Price Informativeness

© 2019, © 2019 The Institute of Behavioral Finance. When firms are added to a stock index, more information should be discovered, traded on, and incorporated into their stock prices, making them more informative. We test this hypothesis using a large sample of additions to the S&P 500 index. Using two alternative statistical tests, we find that the stocks added experience more random, less predictable return and, thus, appear to be priced more efficiently information-wise. We further find concurrent increases in institutional ownership and investor awareness, which tend to contribute to the higher pricing efficiency, adding to the literature. These findings should be of interest to academics and practitioners

The price effects of index additions: A new explanation

We further explore a new volatility explanation for the permanent price effect of index additions, using a sample of changes in the Nikkei 225. Additions to the index elicit significant price hikes, which tend to be permanent despite temporary price reversals. Meanwhile, investor awareness and demand increase, while price volatility decreases for the added stocks, contrary to the higher price volatility for stocks added to the S&P 500. Moreover, multivariate regression analysis demonstrates that the lower volatility contributes significantly to the permanent price boost, a new explanation; so does the higher investor awareness, consistent with the prior literature.Nikkei 225 Additions Price effects Explanations Price volatility

The impacts of index options on the underlying stocks: The case of the S&P 100

Existing theories predict lower trading volume, but ambiguous changes in price, bid-ask spread, and volatility for the underlying stocks following the advent of index derivatives. We further test these predictions around the introduction of the S&P 100 options in March 1983. Controlling for known factors respectively, we find that the listing of the S&P 100 options results in lower volume, spread, and volatility, but no price change for the underlying stocks, contrasting with the existing U.S. evidence and supporting the notion that the arrival of index derivatives induces informed and speculative portfolio traders to migrate from the underlying market to the derivatives market.S&P 100 options Impacts Underlying stocks Implications

Index membership and predictability of stock returns: The case of the Nikkei 225

When stocks are added to (deleted from) an index, more (less) information should be generated and incorporated into their prices, leading to higher (lower) pricing efficiency and lower (higher) return predictability for them. We test this hypothesis for the first time using membership changes in the Nikkei 225. Employing two alternative tests, we document that the return series become more (less) random and, thus, less (more) predictable for stocks added (deleted). We further find that these changes are related to changes in the information environment for the stocks involved, supporting the hypothesis. These findings should be of interest to portfolio managers.Japan Membership Nikkei 225 Pricing efficiency Return predictability

[[alternative]]指數選擇權與標的股價價格可提供的訊息

[[abstract]]Theories predict that initiation of index derivatives could affect the informativeness of the underlying stocksf prices. We test this hypothesis by exploring stock price behavior around the introduction of the SandP 100 options on the CBOE in March 1983. Applying two alternative statistical methods to both daily and weekly data, we find that, following the listing of the index options, the underlying stocksf returns become significantly more random and, thus, less predictable, net of contemporary marketwide efficiency shifts. That is, the underlying stocksf prices tend to be more informative following the commencement of the index options, consistent with the hypothesis.[[notice]]補正完畢[[journaltype]]國內[[incitationindex]]TSSCI[[ispeerreviewed]]Y[[booktype]]電子版[[booktype]]紙本[[countrycodes]]TW

Equity Options and Underlying Stocks' Behavior: Further Evidence from Japan-super-

In an incomplete market, introduction of options could affect the underlying stocks' market behavior. We further examine the various impacts of the advent of equity options, using a recent sample of equity options in Japan. We find that option listings in Japan lead to significant increases in price and volatility, relative to a control sample matched by probability of listing, despite that equity options were launched after the index options in Japan. We discuss the apparent differences in the price and volatility effects across the markets, and conclude that differences in regulatory environments might be responsible. Copyright (c) 2010 The Author. International Review of Finance (c) International Review of Finance Ltd. 2010.

Transaction costs and market efficiency: Evidence from commission deregulation

This study analyzes the impacts of explicit transaction costs on weak-form market efficiency within the context of the brokerage commission deregulation in Japan in October 1999, which led to lower commission rates across the market. Applying two alternative statistical tests to both daily and weekly data, we find that return randomness (unpredictability) increases significantly for stocks listed in Japan, but not for the Japanese stocks dually listed in the United States, which are immune to the deregulation. These results suggest an inefficiency loss or an efficiency gain in the Japanese equity market following the deregulation, insofar as randomness proxies for efficiency.Transaction costs Commission deregulation Efficiency Predictability Japan