TIME TO LIFT LEG DEPENDS ON INITIAL WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION

INTRODUCTION: If you are a defensive player of football or basketball, you must have an experience that you were impotently left behind the offensive player while you certainly knew he/she cut back to left and you should have stepped to left. Why this happen? As a basic research to answer this question, we conducted the lift-one-leg task from quiet standing with and without visual feedback of weight distribution. We hypothesized that the time to lift leg depends on the initial weight distribution. The aim of the present study is to investigate if and how much the initial weight distribution during quiet standing influences the time to lift leg

Anticipatory Postural Adjustments During Lateral Step Motion in Patients With Hip Osteoarthritis

Patients with hip osteoarthritis (OA) have difficulty with mediolateral postural control. Since the symptom of hip OA includes joint pain, which mostly occurs upon initial movement, patients with hip OA might have disabling problems with movement initiation. This study aimed to identify the movement strategy during the anticipatory postural adjustments in the lateral step motion in patients with hip OA. We studied 18 female subjects with unilateral hip OA and 10 healthy subjects, and measured temporal, kinetic, and kinematic variables. Patients with hip OA required a longer duration of anticipation phase than the control subjects, the total duration of lateral stepping was not different between the groups. Displacement of the center of mass to the supporting (affected) side during the anticipation phase was not different between the two groups. These findings suggest that, in patients with hip OA, the center of mass slowly moved to the affected side. Furthermore, patients with hip OA showed greater shift of the trunk to the supporting side than did the control subjects. These movement characteristics might contribute to the achievement of both protection of the affected hip joint and quickness in the subsequent lateral step in patients with hip OA

How does the throw of baseball pitchers distribute?

There has been no research examining the throw distribution of baseball pitchers. We investigated the throw distributions when a batter was absent and when the standing positions of batters were changed. Subjects were four baseball pitchers. All subjects were right-handed and pitched overhand from the mound to the target. Subjects threw under four conditions，1) Control(C) ;a batter was absent，2) Right Near (RN) ;a right batter stood near to the target，3) Right Far (RF);a right batter stood far from the target ，4) Left (L) ;a left batter stood. The throw distribution was evaluated by the shape of the ellipse of constant distance and coordinates at the throw position. Under condition C, the throw distributions of all subjects were ellipses and their major axes were inclined clockwise (from the pitchers view). These results suggest that the clockwise inclination of the throw distributions were due to the orbits of the right arms\u27 movements of the pitchers. In the condition RN，three subjects threw a ball lower compared to the other conditions and the upper right part of their ellipses which was observed under the other conditions was absent. The results in the condition RN might be due to the psychological conditions of the pitchers that they avoid hitting a batter by a pitch. It is considered that these results would be useful for baseball coaching

ヒトの動き百話―スポーツの視点からリハビリテーションの視点まで― はじめに～目次

編著：小田 伸午、市橋 則

Neuromuscular activities during increasing and decreasing force of isometric contractions

The object was to investigate muscle activities during increasing and decreasing force of isometric contraction. Ten male subjects performed elbow flexion and extension with isometric force increasing linearly from zero to 70% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and immediately decreasing from 70%MVC to zero. Surface electromyographic (EMG) activities from the biceps brachii (BB) and triceps brachii (TB) were recorded. Force tremor root mean square (rms), EMG rms, EMG mean power frequency (MPF), and the peak value of cross correlation coefficients between agonist and antagonist EMGs were calculated for each 1000 ms period. Force tremor rms in the decreasing phase were higher than that in the increasing phase,while no significant increase in agonist EMG rms was found between both phases. Antagonist EMG rms in the decreasing phase was higher than that in the increasing phase. The cross correlation levels between agonist and antagonist EMGs in the decreasing phase were higher than those in the increasing phase. These results suggest that the increase in force tremor rms in the decreasing phase is cause by the synchronization of firing of motoneurons, not by the recruitment of the motor unit, and that agonist-antagonist muscle pairs are controlled as a single unit by a common central drive especially in the decreasing phase

The biomechanical study for the effective way of jumping in basketball defense

The purpose of this study was to acquire biomechanical data related to the physical act of jumping to intercept a high pass in the game of basketball. Six male basketball players volunteered to take part in this study. They performed two types of vertical squat jumps (SJ), from the starting positions, with the hands up (upSJ) and hands down (downSJ), and two types of vertical countermovement jumps (CMJ), from the staring positions, with their hands up (upCMJ) and hands down (downCMJ). They performed each jump condition seventeen times initiated by reaction to visual stimulus as quickly and as high as possible. The height of the jump was lowest in the upSJ condition. The height of the jump in the downSJ condition was not significantly different from both the CMJ conditions. The total reach time (time from the onset of visual stimulus to the time when subjects reached their peak during a jump) in the SJ conditions were significantly shorter than the CMJ conditions. Time when subjects reached 10cm from dactylion height over their heads in the upSJ condition was the shortest, and the time in the downSJ condition was the second shortest. The results suggest that it is important to take squat conditions (“stay low”) when a basketball player is required to jump as quickly and high as possible

Generation of isoform-specific monoclonal antibodies against human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs)and tissue-specific expression of UGTs by epigenetic regulation

13301甲第3971号博士（薬学）金沢大学博士論文要旨Abstract 以下に掲載および掲載予定：1.Drug Metabolism and Disposition 40(8) pp.1620-1627. American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 共著者：Shingo Oda, Miki Nakajima, Masahiko Hatakeyama, Tatsuki Fukami, Tsuyoshi Yokoi 2.Drug Metabolism and Disposition 41(10) pp.1738-1743. American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 共著者：Shingo Oda, Tatsuki Fukami, Tsuyoshi Yokoi, Miki Nakajima 3.Biochemical Pharmacology. Elsevier. 共著者：Shingo Oda, Tatsuki Fukami, Tsuyoshi Yokoi, Miki Nakajim