277 research outputs found
A Nano-Cheese-Cutter to Directly Measure Interfacial Adhesion of Freestanding Nano-Fibers
A nano-cheese-cutter is fabricated to directly measure the adhesion between two freestanding nano-fibers. A single electrospun fiber is attached to the free end of an atomic force microscope cantilever, while a similar fiber is similarly prepared on a mica substrate in an orthogonal direction. External load is applied to deform the two fibers into complementary V-shapes, and the force measurement allows the elastic modulus to be determined. At a critical tensile load, “pull-off” occurs when the adhering fibers spontaneously detach from each other, yielding the interfacial adhesion energy. Loading-unloading cycles are performed to investigate repeated adhesion-detachment and surface degradation
Training strategy for a lightweight countermeasure model for automatic speaker verification
The countermeasure (CM) model is developed to protect Automatic Speaker
Verification (ASV) systems from spoof attacks and prevent resulting personal
information leakage. Based on practicality and security considerations, the CM
model is usually deployed on edge devices, which have more limited computing
resources and storage space than cloud-based systems. This work proposes
training strategies for a lightweight CM model for ASV, using generalized
end-to-end (GE2E) pre-training and adversarial fine-tuning to improve
performance, and applying knowledge distillation (KD) to reduce the size of the
CM model. In the evaluation phase of the ASVspoof 2021 Logical Access task, the
lightweight ResNetSE model reaches min t-DCF 0.2695 and EER 3.54%. Compared to
the teacher model, the lightweight student model only uses 22.5% of parameters
and 21.1% of multiply and accumulate operands of the teacher model.Comment: ASVspoof202
Personalized Audio Quality Preference Prediction
This paper proposes to use both audio input and subject information to
predict the personalized preference of two audio segments with the same content
in different qualities. A siamese network is used to compare the inputs and
predict the preference. Several different structures for each side of the
siamese network are investigated, and an LDNet with PANNs' CNN6 as the encoder
and a multi-layer perceptron block as the decoder outperforms a baseline model
using only audio input the most, where the overall accuracy grows from 77.56%
to 78.04%. Experimental results also show that using all the subject
information, including age, gender, and the specifications of headphones or
earphones, is more effective than using only a part of them
Angular-Resolved Optical Characteristics and Threshold Gain Analysis of GaN-Based 2-D Photonics Crystal Surface Emitting Lasers
Multimodal Transformer Distillation for Audio-Visual Synchronization
Audio-visual synchronization aims to determine whether the mouth movements
and speech in the video are synchronized. VocaLiST reaches state-of-the-art
performance by incorporating multimodal Transformers to model audio-visual
interact information. However, it requires high computing resources, making it
impractical for real-world applications. This paper proposed an MTDVocaLiST
model, which is trained by our proposed multimodal Transformer distillation
(MTD) loss. MTD loss enables MTDVocaLiST model to deeply mimic the
cross-attention distribution and value-relation in the Transformer of VocaLiST.
Our proposed method is effective in two aspects: From the distillation method
perspective, MTD loss outperforms other strong distillation baselines. From the
distilled model's performance perspective: 1) MTDVocaLiST outperforms
similar-size SOTA models, SyncNet, and PM models by 15.69% and 3.39%; 2)
MTDVocaLiST reduces the model size of VocaLiST by 83.52%, yet still maintaining
similar performance.Comment: Submitted to ICASSP 202
Ontology-based Fuzzy Markup Language Agent for Student and Robot Co-Learning
An intelligent robot agent based on domain ontology, machine learning
mechanism, and Fuzzy Markup Language (FML) for students and robot co-learning
is presented in this paper. The machine-human co-learning model is established
to help various students learn the mathematical concepts based on their
learning ability and performance. Meanwhile, the robot acts as a teacher's
assistant to co-learn with children in the class. The FML-based knowledge base
and rule base are embedded in the robot so that the teachers can get feedback
from the robot on whether students make progress or not. Next, we inferred
students' learning performance based on learning content's difficulty and
students' ability, concentration level, as well as teamwork sprit in the class.
Experimental results show that learning with the robot is helpful for
disadvantaged and below-basic children. Moreover, the accuracy of the
intelligent FML-based agent for student learning is increased after machine
learning mechanism.Comment: This paper is submitted to IEEE WCCI 2018 Conference for revie
Electrically Pumped III-N Microcavity Light Emitters Incorporating an Oxide Confinement Aperture
A novel mutation in the WFS1 gene identified in a Taiwanese family with low-frequency hearing impairment
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Wolfram syndrome gene 1 (<it>WFS1</it>) accounts for most of the familial nonsyndromic low-frequency sensorineural hearing loss (LFSNHL) which is characterized by sensorineural hearing losses equal to and below 2000 Hz. The current study aimed to contribute to our understanding of the molecular basis of LFSNHL in an affected Taiwanese family.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The Taiwanese family with LFSNHL was phenotypically characterized using audiologic examination and pedigree analysis. Genetic characterization was performed by direct sequencing of <it>WFS1 </it>and mutation analysis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Pure tone audiometry confirmed that the family members affected with LFSNHL had a bilateral sensorineural hearing loss equal to or below 2000 Hz. The hearing loss threshold of the affected members showed no progression, a characteristic that was consistent with a mutation in the <it>WFS1 </it>gene located in the DFNA6/14/38 locus. Pedigree analysis showed a hereditarily autosomal dominant pattern characterized by a full penetrance. Among several polymorphisms, a missense mutation Y669H (2005T>C) in exon 8 of <it>WFS1 </it>was identified in members of a Taiwanese family diagnosed with LFSNHL but not in any of the control subjects.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We discovered a novel heterozygous missense mutation in exon 8 of <it>WFS1 </it>(i.e., Y669H) which is likely responsible for the LFSNHL phenotype in this particular Taiwanese family.</p
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