2,498 research outputs found
Curvature-induced spin-orbit coupling and spin relaxation in a chemically clean single-layer graphene
The study of spin-related phenomena in materials requires knowledge on the
precise form of effective spin-orbit coupling of conducting carriers in the
solid-states systems. We demonstrate theoretically that curvature induced by
corrugations or periodic ripples in single-layer graphenes generates two types
of effective spin-orbit coupling. In addition to the spin-orbit coupling
reported previously that couples with sublattice pseudospin and corresponds to
the Rashba-type spin-orbit coupling in a corrugated single-layer graphene,
there is an additional spin-orbit coupling that does not couple with the
pseudospin, which can not be obtained from the extension of the
curvature-induced spin-orbit coupling of carbon nanotubes. Via numerical
calculation we show that both types of the curvature-induced spin-orbit
coupling make the same order of contribution to spin relaxation in chemically
clean single-layer graphene with nanoscale corrugation. The spin relaxation
dependence on the corrugation roughness is also studied.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure
Low energy proton-proton scattering in effective field theory
Low energy proton-proton scattering is studied in pionless effective field
theory. Employing the dimensional regularization and MS-bar and power
divergence subtraction schemes for loop calculation, we calculate the
scattering amplitude in 1S0 channel up to next-to-next-to leading order and fix
low-energy constants that appear in the amplitude by effective range
parameters. We study regularization scheme and scale dependence in separation
of Coulomb interaction from the scattering length and effective range for the
S-wave proton-proton scattering.Comment: 23 pages, 6 eps figures, revised considerably, accepted for
publication in Phys. Rev.
Optical properties of iron-based superconductor LiFeAs single crystal
We have measured the reflectivity spectra of the iron based superconductor
LiFeAs (Tc = 17.6 K) in the temperature range from 4 to 300 K. In the
superconducting state (T < Tc), the clear opening of the optical absorption gap
was observed below 25 cm-1, indicating an isotropic full gap formation. In the
normal state (T > Tc), the optical conductivity spectra display a typical
metallic behavior with the Drude type spectra at low frequencies, but we found
that the introduction of the two Drude components best fits the data,
indicating the multiband nature of this superconductor. A theoretical analysis
of the low temperature data (T=4K < Tc) also suggests that two superconducting
gaps best fit the data and their values were estimated as {\Delta}1 = 1.59 meV
and {\Delta}2 = 3.15 meV, respectively. Using the Ferrell-Glover-Tinkham (FGT)
sum rule and dielectric function {\epsilon}1({\omega}), the superconducting
plasma frequency ({\omega}ps) is consistently estimated to be 6,665 cm-1,
implying that about 59 % of the free carriers in the normal state condenses
into the SC condensate. To investigate the various interband transition
processes (for {\omega} > 200 cm-1), we have also performed the local-density
approximation (LDA) band calculation and calculated the optical spectra of the
interband transitions. The theoretical results provided a qualitative agreement
with the experimental data below 4000 cm-1Comment: 19 pages, 5 figures. This paper has been accepted for publication in
New Journal of Physic
A Score-Based Evaluation Model for Rehabilitation of Existing Pumped Storage Hydropower Plant Construction
As the proportion of new and renewable energy increases, power control demands are becoming more frequent due to variability in power generation. As a complementary means against this, the pumped storage hydropower plants (PSHP) are attracting attention as energy storage systems (ESS), but it has high construction costs. Therefore, this study aims to improve the economic feasibility by developing the evaluation model of the existing infrastructure into an upper/lower dam suitable for PSHP. The concept of upper dam capacity is newly defined, and the evaluation index is constructed using normalization. A new evaluation system is presented for five factors: environment, stability, energy, capacity, and economy. Finally, it is tested in the pilot area in Korea. Several candidates, including the PSHP in operation, are found to have been distributed with higher scores. These results will help to satisfy the selection of candidates during the preliminary feasibility study phase, and programming them will enable more accurate and rapid assessment
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