Functionalized conjugating polymers: from molecule and ions transporting membranes to advanced electronic and photonic materials

A b s t r u Applications of conjugating polymers to advanced materials are demonstrated, especially focusing on artificial membrane, electronic and photonic advanced materials, such as (1) selective and transporting membrane, (2) functional molecular materials and devices including charge controllable membranes, (3) ultrahigh anisotropic conducting polymer material, (4) conjugating polymer superlattice and ( 5 ) one-dimensional (1-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) porphyrin arrays connected with conjugating and/or insulating molecular wires

Wavefront compensation method using novel index in holographic data storage

Photopolymer media that uses holographic data storage generally causes volume shrinkage. This volume shrinkage distorts the recorded interference fringes. We propose an adaptive optics using novel index to compensate this distortion. The SNR value is improved from 2.1 dB to 3.4 dB in the worst part of a reproduced image and the peak intensity and the full width of the half maximum of an angle are improved by 6% and 10%, respectively. These results prove that adaptive optics using this novel index worked effectively

A simple and convenient synthesis of 3'-5'- or 2'-5'-linked oligoribonucleotide by polymerization of unprotected ribonucleoside using phosphorus tris-azole.

Oligoribonucleotides have been synthesized directly from unprotected ribonucleosides by a chemical polymerization approach using phosphorus tris-azoles. The procedure involves two steps: (i) the reaction of unprotected ribonucleoside with phosphorus tris-azole and (ii) the in situ oxidation of the resulting phosphite with iodine and water. Several phosphorus tris-azoles were investigated for generating oligoribonucleotide chains. Phosphorus tris-azoles of which azoles are imidazole, 2-methylimidazole, and 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole were found to be most effective. Uridine, adenosine, and cytidine oligonucleotides were obtained rapidly in high yields without any protection. The inter-ribonucleotidic linkage of the oligomers consists of 3'-5'- and 2'-5'-linkages. The linkage isomers were easily separated by a reverse phase column chromatography. The present approach provides a convenient and potentially useful method for preparing 3'-5'- or 2'-5'-linked oligoribonucleotides