Determination of linkage disequilibrium region suggests association of the ancient haplotype, hX with neural function

Modern human populations are known to contain "ancient haplotypes" that originated from archaic humans by hybridization. Some of them had been reported before the development of human genomic diversity databases, such as HapMap. Consequently, some of them have no information about linkage disequilibrium (LD) regions. Because genetic information within LD is tightly linked, to know LD region containing ancient haplotypes will be useful to estimate basic parameters of admixture events, and to infer biological functions that linked with the ancient haplotypes. One of these ancient haplotypes, haplotype X (_hX_) was found in a 10.1 kb-region located on Xp11.22, which diverged at 1.4 M years ago, with low diversity within the cluster in gene genealogy and worldwide distribution in low frequency. We determined the LD region around the ancient haplotypes using LD information obtained in the HapMap project. The LD determination presents that the LD region surrounding the _hX_ is stable and contains genic regions that may associate with neural and brain functions

Sentiment Sentence Extraction Using a Hierarchical Directed Acyclic graph Structure and Bootstrap Approach

PACLIC / The University of the Philippines Visayas Cebu College Cebu City, Philippines / November 20-22, 200

An Effective Speech Understanding Method with a Multiple Speech Recognizer based on Output Selection using Edit Distance

PACLIC / The University of the Philippines Visayas Cebu College Cebu City, Philippines / November 20-22, 200

Preventive Effect of Boiogito on Metabolic Disorders in the TSOD Mouse, a Model of Spontaneous Obese Type II Diabetes Mellitus

“Boiogito” is a Kampo preparation which has been used since ancient times in patients with obesity of the “asthenic constitution” type, so-called “watery obesity”, and its effect has been recognized clinically. In this study, we investigated the anti-obesity effect of Boiogito in the TSOD (Tsumura Suzuki Obese Diabetes) mouse, a model of spontaneous obese type II diabetes mellitus. Boiogito showed a significant anti-obesity effect in TSOD mice by suppressing body weight gain in a dosage-dependent manner. In addition, Boiogito showed significant ameliorative effects on features of metabolic syndrome such as hyperinsulinemia, fasting hyperglycemia and abnormal lipid metabolism. Regarding lipid accumulation in TSOD mice, Boiogito showed a significant suppressive effect on accumulation of subcutaneous fat, but the effect on the visceral fat accumulation that constitutes the basis of metabolic syndrome was weak, and the suppressive effect on insulin resistance was also weak. Furthermore, Boiogito did not alleviate the abnormal glucose tolerance, the hypertension or the peripheral neuropathy characteristically developed in the TSOD mice. In contrast, in the TSNO (Tsumura Suzuki Non-Obesity) mice used as controls, Boiogito suppressed body weight gain and accumulation of subcutaneous and visceral fat. The above results suggested that Boiogito is effective as an anti-obesity drug against obesity of the “asthenic constitution” type in which subcutaneous fat accumulates, but cannot be expected to exert a preventive effect against various symptoms of metabolic syndrome that are based on visceral fat accumulation

Disposition Kinetics of Taxanes in Peritoneal Dissemination

Treatment of cancers in the abdominal cavity, such as peritoneal dissemination, is difficult, but in principle intraperitoneal administration of anticancer drugs is expected to be preferable to systemic administration. Taxane anticancer drugs are used to treat gastric cancer patients with peritoneal dissemination. They are administered as micellar preparations, Taxol and Taxotere, which consist of paclitaxel in Cremophor EL (crEL) and docetaxel in Polysorbate-80 (PS-80), respectively. In this paper we review the disposition kinetics of taxane anticancer drugs after intraperitoneal administration in peritoneal dissemination patients and animal models and also discuss the effect of the surfactant vehicle on the behavior of taxanes

移植医療において起こりうる免疫抑制剤の薬物間相互作用機序の解明

取得学位：博士(薬学)，学位授与番号：博甲第717号，学位授与年月日：平成17年3月22

Obesity-induced increase of CYP2E1 activity and its effect on disposition kinetics of chlorzoxazone in Zucker rats

金沢大学医学部附属病院薬剤部This study was designed to investigate the induction of CYP2E1 in obese Zucker rats and its effect on the disposition kinetics of chlorzoxazone (CZX). CZX 20 mg/kg was administered to three groups of rats: normal Zucker rats fed a normal diet (ND), normal Zucker rats fed a high-fat diet (HF), and genetically obese Zucker rats fed a normal diet (OB). The values of the area under the plasma concentration–time curve from 0 to 1 (AUC1) of CZX were in the order of ND > HF > OB rats. The AUC1 values of total 6-hydroxychlorzoxazone (6OHCZX-T), which is considered to be a CYP2E1 metabolic marker, were in the opposite order. The values of the AUC1 ratio (6OHCZX–T/CZX) in ND, HF and OB rats were approximately 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4, respectively. The CZX concentration in fat was much higher than the concentrations in plasma, liver and kidney in all groups. Induction of CYP2E1 protein was greater in both liver and fat of OB rats than in those of HF rats. Microsomal activity of CYP2E1 in liver and fat was also in the order of OB > HF > NMrats. These results suggest that CYP2E1 may be induced in liver and fat of obese patients, thereby potentially altering the disposition kinetics of not only CZX, but also other lipophilic drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.©2006 Published by Elsevier Inc

土壌水分変動とその大気へのインパクト : スリランカにおける事例

Time series analyses of soil moisture, rainfall, air temperature and other hydrometeorological components observed at inland area of Sri Lanka in 1994 were carried out. Auto-correlation analysis gives a time scale from 10 to 30 days as persistency of soil moisture anomaly, which is considerably small relative to that under midlatitude temperate climate and is shorter than that for atmospheric temperature. Two dominant periodicities are detected from spectral analysis : 45-60-day period (especially for large rainfall and soil moisture at all depths) and 22.5-30-day period (for small rainfall and shallow soil moisture). The two intraseasonal variations are also detected for satellite-remote-sensed outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) over and around Sri Lanka. Band-pass filtered OLR anomaly for the former periodicity propagates from around Sri Lanka to the west and is strengthened through the process of its westward propagation. On the other hand, OLR anomaly for the latter periodic component has its origin at east ocean-region and propagates westward to Sri Lanka. For the 45-60-day period, band-pass filtered anomaly propagates from rainfall to soil moisture, soil temperature, wet-bulb temperature and back to rainfall, indicating a feedback loop. In contrast, propagation of anomaly through hydrometeorological variables is not found for the 22.5-30-day period. These statistical results indicate that external forcing causes the latter periodic and also that the former periodicity is introduced by an enhancement of the latter variation once in its two cycles due to negative feedback between soil moisture and rainfall. The selective enhancement against different periodic variations appears to be associated with characteristic time-scale of the soil moisture persistence