Climatic changes and the energy infrastructure in the Russian Arсtic

The current state and topical issues of building the energy infrastructure of the Russian Arctic and its protection under the influence of an extreme climate are considered. Infrastructure projects implemented in the Arctic regions of Russia within the framework of the “energy transition” concept are analyzed. The importance of considering climatic and environmental factors, the recreational nature of the place and the need to search for new solutions in countering modern climatic challenges are emphasized. The authors also discuss the possibilities of implementing new approaches in the design of capital construction projects based on intelligent-digital systems of construction and energy modeling, as well as their role in increasing the sustainability of the energy infrastructure of the region

Software-hardware Integration and Human-centered Benchmarking for Socially-compliant Robot Navigation

The social compatibility (SC) is one of the most important parameters for service robots. It characterises the interaction quality between a robot and a human. In this paper, we first introduce an open-source software-hardware integration scheme for socially-compliant robot navigation and then propose a human-centered benchmarking framework. For the former, we integrate one 3D lidar, one 2D lidar, and four RGB-D cameras for robot exterior perception. The software system is entirely based on the Robot Operating System (ROS) with high modularity and fully deployed to the embedded hardware-based edge while running at a rate that exceeds the release frequency of sensor data. For the latter, we propose a new human-centered performance evaluation metric that can be used to measure SC quickly and efficiently. The values of this metric correlate with the results of the Godspeed questionnaire, which is believed to be a golden standard approach for SC measurements. Together with other commonly used metrics, we benchmark two open-source socially-compliant robot navigation methods, in an end-to-end manner. We clarify all aspects of the benchmarking to ensure the reproducibility of the experiments. We also show that the proposed new metric can provide further justification for the selection of numerical metrics (objective) from a human perspective (subjective).Comment: 8 pages, 8 figure

Development of urban infrastructure socially significant elements classification for ensuring their autonomy

The paper presents the results of the urban infrastructure properties of socially significant elements study to ensure their autonomy for creating a safe and comfortable living environment for the population during the transition to Industry 4.0. A refined formulation of the urban infra-structure elements autonomy concept is given. The urban infrastructure elements classification is developed using a hierarchical classification method. It is proposed to assign a cipher to each construction object included in urban infrastructure, which will correspond to a set of autonomy parameters indicators. This cipher will contain the information about the type and kind of a construction object, its purpose, as well as the hazard class and their negative impact on the environment. In addition, this cipher can help to deter-mine a set of parameters that characterize the construction object autonomy state

To the question of the building information modeling technologies transition to a new development level

The article analyzes the maturity level of information modeling technology based on the Bew-Richards diagram, as well as using the Gartner curve. The analysis of current publications on the keywords BIM and Building information modeling has been carried out. It has been determined that Revit software is currently the most widely used for working with construction objects, but the proposed Bentley products provide more granularity in the information model characteristics. At the same time, none of the presented products can cover the entire life cycle of a construction project without significant modifications. The authors propose to expand the set of building structures elementsэ properties, dividing them into more detailed subgroups, to use this information at further stages of the release of design documentation. Thus, the information in the model should be sufficient to release all subsequent documentation. In this case, in addition of the need to separate them in detail, information about the position of the object in world space, and not in model space, is added to the properties. As a result, it is possible to build an information system containing information sufficient for the release of all project documentation according to the proposed approach, as well as supporting the project at the operational stage. In this case, the documentation issuance is proposed to be done by writing scripts and using databases

Some criteria of critical infrastructures stability

Critical Infrastructures (CIs) are complex systems with a set of individual elements, such as buildings and facilities, technological equipment and energy supply networks, engineering, technology and other communications. The system criteria of Critical Infrastructures stability and their threshold are shown in the paper. The main criterion of CIs protection is engineering and functional stability. And the special criteria are the next: the criterion of work safety; the criterion of environmental safety; the criterion of energy safety; the criterion of resource safety (resource using in CIs); the criterion of CIs’ automation level; the criterion of technological equipment safety; the criterion of reliability of project design solution; the criterion of engineering systems reliability; the criterion of engineering safety; the criterion of explosion and fire safety. The algorithm for evaluation of Critical Infrastructures stability is formulated in this paper

Some criteria of critical infrastructures stability

Critical Infrastructures (CIs) are complex systems with a set of individual elements, such as buildings and facilities, technological equipment and energy supply networks, engineering, technology and other communications. The system criteria of Critical Infrastructures stability and their threshold are shown in the paper. The main criterion of CIs protection is engineering and functional stability. And the special criteria are the next: the criterion of work safety; the criterion of environmental safety; the criterion of energy safety; the criterion of resource safety (resource using in CIs); the criterion of CIs’ automation level; the criterion of technological equipment safety; the criterion of reliability of project design solution; the criterion of engineering systems reliability; the criterion of engineering safety; the criterion of explosion and fire safety. The algorithm for evaluation of Critical Infrastructures stability is formulated in this paper

Cyber-Physical Systems In Construction For Sustainable Urban Development

The article reviews the current state of research works in the field of cyber-physical systems development in conjunction with «smart house» technology. The authors have collected statistical data on the articles and the papers about cyber-physical systems in construction from 2009 to 2019, which are presented in data base SCOPUS. These publications were analysed by the authors and as the result the countries leader in this field of studying were identified. The authors formulate a definition of a building cyber-physical system and determine the operating conditions of such systems. Finally, further research objectives were identified by the researchers

Information Modelling of Engineering Systems as an Improvement Factor for the Energy Efficiency of Building

The article presents the analysis of the heat power of a heating system in accordance with valid normative documents. It also reveals some other factors influencing both the general heat balance of a building and its microclimate parameters but not taken into account in the analysis. The recommendations have been developed on the improvement of energy efficiency parameters of the buildings. The authors suggest some possible ways of solution of the problem of air-exchange disturbances due to the introduction of automation systems responsible for a continuous monitoring of climatic and micro-climatic conditions as well as for a combined regulation of heat-transfer agent and of fresh air inflow

The Ensuring of Survivability of Wave Energy Stations Constructive Elements in Extreme Weather Conditions

Current problems and the tasks of increasing the reliability of the equipment designs for utilizing the energy of sea waves are described in the article. The requirements for the protection of float and buoy structures from storm impacts by immersing them in undisturbed water layers using rotary engines articulated with a wave power station are formulated. Ways to protect wave converters from storm impacts are proposed

The optimal decision of insulation in cladding structures for energy efficient buildings

Execution of thermal insulation for enclosing structures of residential properties is a sophisticated part of the thermal protection. The choice of insulation materials for external walls is one of the main ways to increase the performance of heat insulation. This article contains thermo-technical calculations of two enclosing structures due to conditions of Saint-Petersburg. According to the results, the thickness of the insulating layer and a total wall thickness of the exterior walls composed of concrete, insulation and sand-cement rendering are smaller than the same characteristics of wall construction of hollow tile, insulation and sand-cement rendering