206 research outputs found
Geotechnical Analyses of Guizhou Hotel
This paper presents the geotechnical analyses of Guizhou Hotel, a thirty story (102-m high) building situated under complicated karst engineering geological conditions. Comprehensive geotechnical investigations prior to the design included the bore hole sampling, insitu ultra-sound velocity testing, groundwater well-pumping, and laboratory testing for rock strength. Based on the field and laboratory data, the bedrocks within the construction site (about 20,000 m2) was divided into four engineering geological units Ia, Ib, Ic, and Id, ranging from simple engineering geological condition (Ia) to very complicated geological condition (Id). Different subgrade bearing capacities were selected for the four units based on field and laboratory test results. Manually dug shaft foundations with different geometric shapes and sizes were considered for different units. Subgrade distress such as excess weathering and groundwater seepage were treated through construction measures. The field monitoring data during and after the construction indicated that very little overall and differential settlement had occurred for the structure and the geotechnical design for this high-rise building under the complicated karst geology had been a success
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Stochastic interest model driven by compound Poisson process and Brownian motion with applications in life contingencies
In this paper, we introduce a class of stochastic interest model driven by a compound Poisson process and a Brownian motion, in which the jumping times of force of interest obeys compound Poisson process and the continuous tiny fluctuations are described by Brownian motion, and the adjustment in each jump of interest force is assumed to be random. Based on the proposed interest model, we discuss the expected discounted function, the validity of the model and actuarial present values of life annuities and life insurances under different parameters and distribution settings. Ournumerical results show actuarial values could be sensitive to the parameters and distribution settings,which shows the importance of introducing this kind interest model
POMP: Probability-driven Meta-graph Prompter for LLMs in Low-resource Unsupervised Neural Machine Translation
Low-resource languages (LRLs) face challenges in supervised neural machine
translation due to limited parallel data, prompting research into unsupervised
methods. Unsupervised neural machine translation (UNMT) methods, including
back-translation, transfer learning, and pivot-based translation, offer
practical solutions for LRL translation, but they are hindered by issues like
synthetic data noise, language bias, and error propagation, which can
potentially be mitigated by Large Language Models (LLMs). LLMs have advanced
NMT with in-context learning (ICL) and supervised fine-tuning methods, but
insufficient training data results in poor performance in LRLs. We argue that
LLMs can mitigate the linguistic noise with auxiliary languages to improve
translations in LRLs. In this paper, we propose Probability-driven Meta-graph
Prompter (POMP), a novel approach employing a dynamic, sampling-based graph of
multiple auxiliary languages to enhance LLMs' translation capabilities for
LRLs. POMP involves constructing a directed acyclic meta-graph for each source
language, from which we dynamically sample multiple paths to prompt LLMs to
mitigate the linguistic noise and improve translations during training. We use
the BLEURT metric to evaluate the translations and back-propagate rewards,
estimated by scores, to update the probabilities of auxiliary languages in the
paths. Our experiments show significant improvements in the translation quality
of three LRLs, demonstrating the effectiveness of our approach
The Minority Matters: A Diversity-Promoting Collaborative Metric Learning Algorithm
Collaborative Metric Learning (CML) has recently emerged as a popular method
in recommendation systems (RS), closing the gap between metric learning and
Collaborative Filtering. Following the convention of RS, existing methods
exploit unique user representation in their model design. This paper focuses on
a challenging scenario where a user has multiple categories of interests. Under
this setting, we argue that the unique user representation might induce
preference bias, especially when the item category distribution is imbalanced.
To address this issue, we propose a novel method called
\textit{Diversity-Promoting Collaborative Metric Learning} (DPCML), with the
hope of considering the commonly ignored minority interest of the user. The key
idea behind DPCML is to include a multiple set of representations for each user
in the system. Based on this embedding paradigm, user preference toward an item
is aggregated from different embeddings by taking the minimum item-user
distance among the user embedding set. Furthermore, we observe that the
diversity of the embeddings for the same user also plays an essential role in
the model. To this end, we propose a \textit{diversity control regularization}
term to accommodate the multi-vector representation strategy better.
Theoretically, we show that DPCML could generalize well to unseen test data by
tackling the challenge of the annoying operation that comes from the minimum
value. Experiments over a range of benchmark datasets speak to the efficacy of
DPCML
Extraction and purification of antioxidative flavonoids from Chionanthus retusa leaf
In this work, flavonoids from the leaves of Chionanthus retusa were extracted using alcohol, and the extraction yield was optimized by single-factor and orthogonal experiments. Then, the extracted solution with flavonoids was purified via macroporous resin by elution with different concentrations of ethanol. The antioxidative activity of total flavonoid in purified extracted solution was evaluated by detecting its ability to scavenge DPPH free radicals. The results demonstrated that ethanol with a concentration of 60%, ultrasonic power of 140 W, liquid–solid ratio of 25:1 ml g−1, and water-bath temperature of 80°C were the optimal conditions for the extraction of total flavonoids from C. retusa leaf, achieving a yield of 121.28 mg g−1. After purification by macroporous resin using different concentrations of ethanol, the highest content of total flavonoids (88.51%) in the extracted solution can be obtained with the 50% ethanol eluant. The results of scavenging DPPH free radicals suggest that the purified flavonoids in the 50% ethanol eluant had the best antioxidant capacity over the flavonoids in other ethanol eluants. In addition, it is confirmed the antioxidant capacity of the extractives was associated with the content of total flavonoids and kinds of flavonoids. These results may provide a feasible pathway to make full use of total flavonoids from C. retusa leaf
Detection Transformer with Stable Matching
This paper is concerned with the matching stability problem across different
decoder layers in DEtection TRansformers (DETR). We point out that the unstable
matching in DETR is caused by a multi-optimization path problem, which is
highlighted by the one-to-one matching design in DETR. To address this problem,
we show that the most important design is to use and only use positional
metrics (like IOU) to supervise classification scores of positive examples.
Under the principle, we propose two simple yet effective modifications by
integrating positional metrics to DETR's classification loss and matching cost,
named position-supervised loss and position-modulated cost. We verify our
methods on several DETR variants. Our methods show consistent improvements over
baselines. By integrating our methods with DINO, we achieve 50.4 and 51.5 AP on
the COCO detection benchmark using ResNet-50 backbones under 12 epochs and 24
epochs training settings, achieving a new record under the same setting. We
achieve 63.8 AP on COCO detection test-dev with a Swin-Large backbone. Our code
will be made available at https://github.com/IDEA-Research/Stable-DINO.Comment: SOTA detector. Project page:
https://github.com/IDEA-Research/Stable-DIN
LLaVA-Grounding: Grounded Visual Chat with Large Multimodal Models
With the recent significant advancements in large multi-modal models (LMMs),
the importance of their grounding capability in visual chat is increasingly
recognized. Despite recent efforts to enable LMMs to support grounding, their
capabilities for grounding and chat are usually separate, and their chat
performance drops dramatically when asked to ground. The problem is the lack of
a dataset for grounded visual chat (GVC). Existing grounding datasets only
contain short captions. To address this issue, we have created GVC data that
allows for the combination of grounding and chat capabilities. To better
evaluate the GVC capabilities, we have introduced a benchmark called
Grounding-Bench. Additionally, we have proposed a model design that can support
GVC and various types of visual prompts by connecting segmentation models with
language models. Experimental results demonstrate that our model outperforms
other LMMs on Grounding-Bench. Furthermore, our model achieves competitive
performance on classic grounding benchmarks like RefCOCO/+/g and Flickr30K
Entities. Our code will be released at
https://github.com/UX-Decoder/LLaVA-Grounding
Charge redistribution, charge order and plasmon in LaSrCuO/LaCuO superlattices
Interfacial superconductors have the potential to revolutionize electronics,
quantum computing, and fundamental physics due to their enhanced
superconducting properties and ability to create new types of superconductors.
The emergence of superconductivity at the interface of
LaSrCuO/LaCuO (LSCO/LCO), with a T
enhancement of 10 K compared to the LaSrCuO bulk
single crystals, provides an exciting opportunity to study quantum phenomena in
reduced dimensions. To investigate the carrier distribution and excitations in
interfacial superconductors, we combine O K-edge resonant inelastic X-ray
scattering and atomic-resolved scanning transmission electron microscopy
measurements to study LaSrCuO/LaCuO
superlattices (x=0.15, 0.45) and bulk LaSrCuO films. We
find direct evidence of charge redistribution, charge order and plasmon in
LSCO/LCO superlattices. Notably, the observed behaviors of charge order and
plasmon deviate from the anticipated properties of individual constituents or
the average doping level of the superlattice. Instead, they conform
harmoniously to the effective doping, a critical parameter governed by the
T of interfacial superconductors.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure
Recognize Anything: A Strong Image Tagging Model
We present the Recognize Anything Model (RAM): a strong foundation model for
image tagging. RAM can recognize any common category with high accuracy. RAM
introduces a new paradigm for image tagging, leveraging large-scale image-text
pairs for training instead of manual annotations. The development of RAM
comprises four key steps. Firstly, annotation-free image tags are obtained at
scale through automatic text semantic parsing. Subsequently, a preliminary
model is trained for automatic annotation by unifying the caption and tagging
tasks, supervised by the original texts and parsed tags, respectively. Thirdly,
a data engine is employed to generate additional annotations and clean
incorrect ones. Lastly, the model is retrained with the processed data and
fine-tuned using a smaller but higher-quality dataset. We evaluate the tagging
capabilities of RAM on numerous benchmarks and observe impressive zero-shot
performance, significantly outperforming CLIP and BLIP. Remarkably, RAM even
surpasses the fully supervised manners and exhibits competitive performance
with the Google API. We are releasing the RAM at
\url{https://recognize-anything.github.io/} to foster the advancements of large
models in computer vision
Preparation of a nano emodin transfersome and study on its anti-obesity mechanism in adipose tissue of diet-induced obese rats
OBJECTIVE: To describe the preparation of nano emodin transfersome (NET) and investigate its effect on mRNA expression of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and G0/G1 switch gene 2 (G0S2) in adipose tissue of diet-induced obese rats. METHODS: NET was prepared by film-ultrasonic dispersion method. The effects of emodin components at different ratios on encapsulation efficiency were investigated.The NET envelopment rate was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The particle size and Zeta potential of NET were evaluated by Zetasizer analyzer. Sixty male SD rats were assigned to groups randomly. After 8-week treatment, body weight, wet weight of visceral fat and the percentage of body fat (PBF) were measured. Fasting blood glucose and serum lipid levels were determined. The adipose tissue section was HE stained, and the cellular diameter and quantity of adipocytes were evaluated by light microscopy. The mRNA expression of ATGL and G0S2 from the peri-renal fat tissue was assayed by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The appropriate formulation was deoxycholic acid sodium salt vs. phospholipids 1:8, cholesterol vs. phospholipids 1:3, vitamin Evs. phospholipids 1:20, and emodin vs. phospholipid 1:6. Zeta potential was −15.11 mV, and the particle size was 292.2 nm. The mean encapsulation efficiency was (69.35 ± 0.25)%. Compared with the obese model group, body weight, wet weight of visceral fat, PBF and mRNA expression of G0S2 from peri-renal fat tissue were decreased significantly after NET treatment (all P < 0.05), while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), the diameter of adipocytes and mRNA expression of ATGL from peri-renal fat tissue were increased significantly (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The preparation method is simple and reasonable. NET with negative electricity was small and uniform in particle size, with high encapsulation efficiency and stability. NET could reduce body weight and adipocyte size, and this effect was associated with the up-regulation of ATGL, down-regulation of G0S2 expression in the adipose tissue, and improved insulin sensitivity
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