Privacy paradox or bargained-for-exchange : capturing the relationships among privacy concerns, privacy management, self-disclosure, and social capital

textThe dissertation seeks to bridge the gap between privacy and social capital on SNS use by bringing the essential elements of social networking, privacy concerns, privacy management, self-disclosure, and social capital together to examine their complex relationships and the daily challenges every SNS user faces. The major purposes of this dissertation were to revisit the privacy paradox phenomenon, update the current relationships among privacy concerns, self-disclosure, and social capital on Facebook, integrate these relationships into a quantitative model, and explore the role of privacy management in these relationships. The goal was realized by using Amazon.com’s Mechanical Turk to test a theoretical model that used survey data from 522 respondents. The findings from the dissertation show the impact of the structural factor—Facebook social network intensity and diversity—and the impact of individuals’ self-disclosure on Facebook on their perceived bridging and bonding social capital. This dissertation employed various measurements of key variables to update the current status of the privacy paradox phenomenon—the disconnection between privacy concerns and self- disclosure on social media—and found the break of the traditional privacy paradox and the existence of the social privacy paradox. Findings also show that private information about personal information, thoughts, and ideas shared on Facebook become assets in using Facebook and accumulating social capital. Meanwhile, higher privacy concerns reduce the level of self-disclosure on Facebook. Therefore, privacy concerns become a barrier in Facebook use and in accumulating social capital within these networks. This dissertation further examined the mediating role of privacy management to solve the dilemma. Findings confirmed that privacy management is important in redirecting the relationships among privacy concerns, self-disclosure, and social capital. People who have higher privacy concerns tend to disclose fewer personal thoughts and ideas on Facebook and miss the opportunity to accumulate social capital. However, when they employ more privacy management strategies, they are more willing to self-disclose and thus accumulate more social capital on Facebook networks. Lastly, the proposed integrated model examined through SEM analysis confirms the delicate relationships among the social networking characteristics, privacy concerns, privacy management, self-disclosure, and social capital.Journalis

The Influence of Information Security Stress on Security Policy Compliance: A Protection Motivation Theory Perspective

The occurrence of security incidents will not only cause substantial loss to the enterprise but also serious damage to goodwill. An enterprise has to formulate and implement effective security policies to reduce the occurrence of security incidents. However, the process of promoting the security policy will put stress on employees. The focus of this paper is whether these pressures will affect staff\u27s compliance with the security policies based on the protection motivation theory. This study uses a survey method and 324 responses are collected. The results show that security task stress and security job stress have a significant impact on the formation of security role stress. Security role stress impacts threat and coping appraisals leading to security compliance

A New Seamless Bitstream Switching Scheme for H.264 Video Adaptation with Enhanced Coding Performance

[[abstract]]In this paper, we propose a new seamless bitstream switching scheme to improve the coding performance of H.264 SP-frames for rate adaptation. Our method removes one of the two re-quantization blocks in the SP-frame encoders so as to significantly improve coding performance. The seamless switching property of SP-frames is retained by properly restructuring the primary and secondary switching frame codecs. Experimental results show that our proposed scheme achieves close coding performance to that of regular H.264 P-frames and significantly better performance than that of SP-frames. The proposed method also provides the advantage of using a single secondary switching bitstream for both switching-up and switching-down processes[[fileno]]2030144030014[[department]]電機工程學

catena-Poly[[tetraaquanickel(II)]-μ3-benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylato-3′:1:2-κ4 O 1:O 3,O 3′:O 5-[tetraaquanickel(II)]-μ2-benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylato-2:3κ2 O 1:O 3-[tetraaquanickel(II)]]

The microwave solvothermal reaction of nickel nitrate with trimesic acid provided the title compound, [Ni3(BTC)2(H2O)12]n (BTC = benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxyl­ate anion, C9H3O6), which is a metal coordination polymer composed of one-dimensional zigzag chains. The crystal under investigation was ramecically twinned with an approximate twin domain ratio of 1:1. In the asymmetric unit, there are two types of Ni atoms. One of the NiO6 groups (2 symmetry) is coordinated to only one carboxyl­ate group and thus terminal, the other is bridging, forming the coordination polymer. The extended chains are connected by the organic BTC anions via μ 2-linkages. O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and π–π inter­actions between the chains [centroid–centroid distance 3.58 (1) Å] induce the complex to mimic a three-dimensional structure

Jaundice, occult blood and acute cholecystitis: hemobilia as the initial presentation of acute cholecystitis complicated by a pseudoaneurysm

Identifying the presence of hemobilia can be clinically important since it might change the therapeutic approach to patient management. Here, we report a 56-year-old man with clinical symptoms of acute cholecystitis. Multidetector-row computed tomography of the abdomen showed a ruptured pseudoaneurysm arising from the right hepatic artery. Angiography, with transarterial coil embolization of the pseudoaneurysm, was performed before surgery to reduce the risk of hemostatic complications

Hesperetin, a Selective Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor, Effectively Suppresses Ovalbumin-Induced Airway Hyperresponsiveness without Influencing Xylazine/Ketamine-Induced Anesthesia

Hesperetin, a selective phosphodiesterase (PDE)4 inhibitor, is present in the traditional Chinese medicine, “Chen Pi.” Therefore, we were interested in investigating its effects on ovalbumin- (OVA-) induced airway hyperresponsiveness, and clarifying its rationale for ameliorating asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Hesperetin was revealed to have a therapeutic (PDE4H/PDE4L) ratio of >11. Hesperetin (10 ~ 30 μmol/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)) dose-dependently and significantly attenuated the airway hyperresponsiveness induced by methacholine. It also significantly suppressed the increases in total inflammatory cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils, and levels of cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-5, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). It dose-dependently and significantly suppressed total and OVA-specific immunoglobulin E levels in the BALF and serum. However, hesperetin did not influence xylazine/ketamine-induced anesthesia, suggesting that hesperetin has few or no emetic effects. In conclusion, the rationales for ameliorating allergic asthma and COPD by hesperetin are anti-inflammation, immunoregulation, and bronchodilation

Diabetes and 15-year Cardiovascular Mortality in a Chinese Population: Differential Impact of Hypertension and Metabolic Syndrome

Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) has long been recognized as a major risk factor of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. 1 DM subjects suffer at least 2 times more coronary heart disease (HD) and ischemic stroke mortality than subjects without DM. 2 DM subjects without a prior history of myocardial infarction at baseline may be equivalent to nondiabetic subjects with prior myocardial infarction in terms of future risk for fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction. 3 Therefore, recent guidelines have recommended aggressive targets for blood pressure control and management of dyslipidemia in all DM patients, as in patients with established coronary HD. ORIGINAL ARTICL

Improving cancer immunotherapy in prostate cancer by modulating T cell function through targeting the galectin-1

Our study aimed to elucidate the role of Galectin-1 (Gal-1) role in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) of prostate cancer (PCa). Our previous findings demonstrated a correlation between elevated Gal-1 expression and advanced PCa stages. In this study, we also observed that Gal-1 is expressed around the tumor stroma and its expression level is associated with PCa progression. We identified that Gal-1 could be secreted by PCa cells, and secreted Gal-1 has the potential to induce T cell apoptosis. Gal-1 knockdown or inhibition of Gal-1 function by LLS30 suppresses T cell apoptosis resulting in increased intratumoral T cell infiltration. Importantly, LLS30 treatment significantly improved the antitumor efficacy of anti-PD-1 in vivo. Mechanistically, LLS30 binds to the carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of Gal-1, disrupting its binding to CD45 leading to the suppression of T cell apoptosis. In addition, RNA-seq analysis revealed a novel mechanism of action for LLS30, linking its tumor-intrinsic oncogenic effects to anti-tumor immunity. These findings suggested that tumor-derived Gal-1 contributes to the immunosuppressive TME in PCa by inducing apoptosis in effector T cells. Targeting Gal-1 with LLS30 may offer a strategy to enhance anti-tumor immunity and improve immunotherapy

Performance Improvements of Selective Emitters by Laser Openings on Large-Area Multicrystalline Si Solar Cells

This study focuses on the laser opening technique used to form a selective emitter (SE) structure on multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si). This technique can be used in the large-area (156 × 156 mm2) solar cells. SE process of this investigation was performed using 3 samples SE1–SE3. Laser fluences can vary in range of 2–5 J/cm2. The optimal conversion efficiency of 15.95% is obtained with the SE3 (2 J/cm2 fluence) after laser opening with optimization of heavy and light dopant, which yields a gain of 0.48%abs compared with that of a reference cell (without fluence). In addition, this optimal SE3 cell displays improved characteristics compared with other cells with a higher average value of external quantum efficiency (EQEavg = 68.6%) and a lower average value of power loss (Ploss = 2.33 mW/cm2). For the fabrication of solar cells, the laser opening process comprises fewer steps than traditional photolithography does. Furthermore, the laser opening process decreases consumption of chemical materials; therefore, the laser opening process decreases both time and cost. Therefore, SE process is simple, cheap, and suitable for commercialization. Moreover, the prominent features of the process render it effective means to promote overall performance in the photovoltaic industry