High-Sensitivity Streak Camera Applicable to Time-Resolved Spectroscopy

A high-sensitivity streak camera has been designed and manufactured using a photoelectric tube with deflecting plates and a microchannel plate which serves as both a streak device and an image intensifier. Characteristics of the complete equipments are as follows : (1) an image on the film is 10.2 times as large as an image on the photoelectric surface, (2) effective area of the film is 45 mm in diameter, (3) resolution on the film is 2.5 lp/mm (4) writing speed on the film is 0.2～20 mm/μs, 5-stage variable, (5) sensitivity is controlled by the microchannel plate voltage, and (6) a spectroscope is combined to take time-resolved spectrographs, 1 mm on the film corresponding to 0.9 nm of the wavelength

Feasibility and Efficacy of Definitive Radiotherapy with 66 Gy and Concurrent Carboplatin-Paclitaxel Chemotherapy for Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose/Objectives : This study was conducted to assess the feasibility and efficacy of definitive radiotherapy (RT) with a total dose of 66 Gy and concurrent carboplatin-paclitaxel chemotherapy for patients (pts) with stage Ⅲ non-small celllung cancer. Materials/Methods : Between April 2007 and December 2013，99 pts with non-small cell lung cancer were treated using RT with concurrent carboplatin-paclitaxel chemotherapy in our hospital. Sixty-eight of them received RT with a total dose of 66 Gy. We analyzed 46 Stage Ⅲ pts who had been treated with RT using three-dimensional radiotherapy treatment planning. The prophylactic mediastinal lymph nodes were included in the clinical target volume for RT. The survival rate after the start of RT was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. We estimated the cumulative local failure and distant metastasis rates with the Fine-Gray method. Adverse events were evaluated according to the CTCAE (v.4.0). Results : The median age of the pts was 70.9 (52.8-78.7) years old (y.o.). The performance status (PS) of each pt was fairly good (ECOG PS 0: 25, PS 1: 20, PS 3:1), and their clinical stages (UICC 7th) were twenty-nine Ⅲ A and seventeen Ⅲ B. Diagnoses were pathologically confirmed in 32 pts. The median follow-up period was 35.7 (2.0-82.2) months among all pts, and 55.9 (40.1-82.2) months among survivors. The 3- and 5-year Kaplan-Meier overall survival rates were 52.2 and 34.0%，respectively, and the median survival time was 36.6 months. The 3- and 5-year Kaplan-Meier progression-free survival rates were 29.1 and 21.9%，respectively, and the median progression-free survival time was 9.9 months. The 5-year local failure rate was 37.6%, and the 5-year distant metastasis rate was 49.7%. Sixteen (34.8%) pts required steroid administration because of radiation pneumonitis (CTCAE Grade 2 or higher) and two of them died (Grade 5). No other severe non-hematologic toxicity (Grade 3 or higher) was observed. Conclusion : These results suggest that definitive RT with a total dose of 66 Gy and concurrent carboplatin-paclitaxel chemotherapy is feasible and may be promising for pts with Stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer

BMP receptor IA is required in the mammalian embryo for endodermal morphogenesis and ectodermal patterning

AbstractBMPRIA is a receptor for bone morphogenetic proteins with high affinity for BMP2 and BMP4. Mouse embryos lacking Bmpr1a fail to gastrulate, complicating studies on the requirements for BMP signaling in germ layer development. Recent work shows that BMP4 produced in extraembryonic tissues initiates gastrulation. Here we use a conditional allele of Bmpr1a to remove BMPRIA only in the epiblast, which gives rise to all embryonic tissues. Resulting embryos are mosaics composed primarily of cells homozygous null for Bmpr1a, interspersed with heterozygous cells. Although mesoderm and endoderm do not form in Bmpr1a null embryos, these tissues are present in the mosaics and are populated with mutant cells. Thus, BMPRIA signaling in the epiblast does not restrict cells to or from any of the germ layers. Cells lacking Bmpr1a also contribute to surface ectoderm; however, from the hindbrain forward, little surface ectoderm forms and the forebrain is enlarged and convoluted. Prechordal plate, early definitive endoderm, and anterior visceral endoderm appear to be expanded, likely due to defective morphogenesis. These data suggest that the enlarged forebrain is caused in part by increased exposure of the ectoderm to signaling sources that promote anterior neural fate. Our results reveal critical roles for BMP signaling in endodermal morphogenesis and ectodermal patterning

Field Induced Transitions in Rare Earth Intermetallic Compounds RX and RX_2 (R=Er, Ho, Dy, Tb and Gd and X=Ag and Au)(Magnetism)

Rare earth intermetallic compounds RX and RX_2 ( R=Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho and Er : X=Ag and Au) are antiferromagnetic compounds with the CsCl-type crystal structure and the MoSi_2-type one, respectively. Magnetization process is investigated for these compounds under static magnetic fields up to 270 kOe and pulsed ones up to 300 kOe. The observed field induced transitions are reviewed together with their magnetic phase diagrams

Magnetic Field Effects on the Electrochemical Potential(Research in High Magnetic Fields)

A novel magnetic field effect on chemical systems has been studied : The equilibrium potential was influenced by magnetic fields for the electrochemical systems including ferromagnetic hydrides such as LaCo_5H_x and Y_2Co_7H_x. The change in the electrode potential ΔE for ferromagnetic hydrides was proportional to magnetic fields and ΔE was independent of the direction of the magnetic field. A 1.7mV decrease in the potential was observed for the LaCo_5H_x electrode at 15T at 293.2K. The results agree well with the thermodynamic theory where the free energy of the system includes the magnetostatic energy

Ⅲ期非小細胞肺癌に対するカルボプラチン・パクリタキセル同時併用66Gy放射線治療の安全性と有効性について

Purpose/Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the feasibility and efficacy of definitive radiotherapy (RT) with a total dose of 66Gy and concurrent carboplatin-paclitaxel chemotherapy for patients (pts) with stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer. Materials/Methods: Between April 2007 and December 2013, 99 pts with non-small cell lung cancer were treated by RT with concurrent carboplatin-paclitaxel chemotherapy in our hospital. Sixty-eight of them received RT with a total dose of 66Gy. We analyzed 46 Stage Ⅲ pts who had been treated with RT using three-dimensional radiotherapy treatment planning. The prophylactic mediastinal lymph nodes were included in the clinical target volume of RT. The survival rate after the beginning of RT was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. We estimated the cumulative local failure and distant metastasis rates with the Fine-Gray method. Adverse events were evaluated according to the CTCAE (v.4.0). Results: The median age of the pts was 70.9 (52.8-78.7) years old (y.o.). The performance status (PS) of each pt was fairly good (ECOG PS 0: 25, PS 1: 20, PS3:1), and clinical stages (UICC 7th) consisted of twenty-nine ⅢA and seventeen ⅢB. Diagnoses were pathologically confirmed in 32　pts. The median follow-up period　was 35.7 (2.0-82.2) months among all pts, and 55.9 (40.1-82.2) months among survivors. The 3- and 5-year　Kaplan-Meier overall survival rates were 52.2 and 34.0%, respectively, and the median survival time was 36.6 months. The 3- and 5-year Kaplan-Meier progression-free survival rates were 29.1 and 21.9%, respectively, and the median progression-free survival time was 9.9 months. The 5-year local failure rate was 37.6%, and the 5-year distant metastasis rate was 49.7%. Sixteen (34.8%) pts required steroid administration because of radiation pneumonitis (CTCAE Grade 2 or higher) and two of them died (Grade 5). No other severe non-hematologic toxicity (Grade 3 or higher) was observed. Conclusion: These results suggest that definitive RT with a total dose of 66Gy and concurrent carboplatin-paclitaxel chemotherapy is feasible and may be promising for pts with Stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer.博士（医学）・甲第663号・平成29年3月15

Diffusion of Iron Group Elements in Silver

The diffusion coefficients of nickel and cobalt into silver has been measured as a function of temperature by the tracer and lathe sectioning techniques. The results obtained were expressed as follows : D=(21.9)・exp(-54, 800/RT)cm^2/sec for nickel D=(104)・exp(-59, 900/RT)cm^2sec for cobalt. Taking into consideration the result by Mullen for the diffusion of iron into silver, the activation energy of diffusion of the first transition elements increases slowly from Cu to Ni and after showing a sharp maximum at cobalt, decreases suddenly at iron. Such behavior is different in the case of copper, in which a flat maximum is found at nickel. Also the frequency factor shown in the above expression is fairly large when compared with copper. It is pointed out here that the solid solubility limits of the first transition metals in silver are extremely small when compared with copper, which has some influence on the result of measurement of the activation energy as well as the frequency factor in the case of silver

脳幹部転移性脳腫瘍に対する寡分割定位放射線治療の治療成績

Background: To assess the neuroimaging and clinical outcomes in patients with brainstem metastasis (BSM) treated with linac-based fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (fSRT) with a micro-multileaf collimator. Methods: Between May 2007 and January 2017, 24 patients (15 male and 9 female) with BSM (25 lesions: midbrain, 10; pons, 13; and medulla oblongata, 2) were consecutively treated with linac-based fSRT. BSM originated from the lung (n = 18, 75.0%), colon (n = 3, 12.5%), and breast (n = 3, 12.5%). The median patient age was 67.0 (range: 42-80) years. Recursive partition analysis classified 2 patients as class I, 17 as class II, and 5 as class III. Overall survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Tumor volume ranged from 0.01 to 7.49 cm3 (median: 0.233 cm3), and patients were treated with a dose of 24-40 Gy in 7-13 fractions. The median OS was 9 months after fSRT (95% confidence interval 4.104-13.896). Large tumor volume, presence of brainstem-related symptoms, poor pretreatment Karnofsky performance status, and recursive partition analysis class III were significantly associated with low overall survival. Tumor volume decreased in 18 metastatic lesions, remained stable in 6, and increased in 1. No patient exhibited permanent radiation injury. Grade 2 nausea and vomiting according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events 4.0 occurred in 1 patient who received corticosteroids. Conclusions: Linac-based fSRT with a micro-multileaf collimator delivered in the doses of 24-40 Gy in 7-13 fractions is a safe and effective local therapy for patients with BSM.博士（医学）・乙第1450号・令和2年3月16日Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved