10,431 research outputs found
A Review of Chinese Ice Caves
Ice caves are a rare geological phenomenon. Ningwu ice cave, Zibaishan ice cave, and Wudalianchi ice cave are the most famous ice caves in China. We described each one in detail and carried out thermal-elastic modeling and heat conduction modeling to investigate the stability of the cave and the formation of ice deposit. In order to quantitatively study the mechanism of formation and preservation of the ice cave, we applied the FEM to model the heat exchange in the ice cave. The modeling results revealed that there is the seasonal asymmetric energy exchange. Heat energy is conducted inefficiently into the ice cave from outside and wall rock in spring, summer, and autumn. While in winter, heat energy is transferred very efficiently due to the air natural convection, thus cooling it down. We proposed that Ningwu ice cave and Zibaishan ice cave may be a self-regulating system, respectively. At Wudalianchi ice cave, airtight doors have been installed at these ice caves’ entrances. This actually prevents cooling in winter. We expect that no airtight door will be fixed at each ice cave’s entrance, and few people enter the ice cave before comprehensive and detailed studies, avoiding further affecting its natural conditions
Terahertz Atmospheric Windows for High Angular Resolution Terahertz Astronomy from Dome A
Atmospheric transmission from Dome A, Antarctica, presents new possibilities
in the field of terahertz astronomy, where space telescopes have been the only
observational tools until now. Using atmospheric transmission measurements from
Dome A with a Fourier transform spectrometer, transmission spectra and
long-term stabilities have been analyzed at 1.461 THz, 3.393 THz, 5.786 THz and
7.1 THz, which show that important atmospheric windows for terahertz astronomy
open for a reasonable length of time in the winter season. With large aperture
terahertz telescopes and interferometers at Dome A, high angular resolution
terahertz observations are foreseen of atomic fine-structure lines from ionized
gas and a water ice feature from protoplanetary disks.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Advances in Polar Scienc
Model-based evaluation and process development of continuous chromatography
Multi-column periodic counter-current (PCC) chromatography has been proposed as continuous capturing technology to improve the process productivity and resin capacity utilization, as well as reduce buffer consumption and equipment footprint, which is applying for monoclonal antibody (mAb) capture with Protein A affinity resin. Due to the complexity of continues chromatography, some mathematical framework should be developed to aid the process development.
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Intronic MicroRNA (miRNA)
Nearly 97% of the human genome is composed of noncoding DNA, which varies from one species to another. Changes in these sequences often manifest themselves in clinical and circumstantial malfunction. Numerous genes in these non-protein-coding regions encode microRNAs, which are responsible for RNA-mediated gene silencing through RNA interference (RNAi)-like pathways. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small single-stranded regulatory RNAs capable of interfering with intracellular messenger RNAs (mRNAs) with complete or partial complementarity, are useful for the design of new therapies against cancer polymorphisms and viral mutations. Currently, many varieties of miRNA are widely reported in plants, animals, and even microbes. Intron-derived microRNA (Id-miRNA) is a new class of miRNA derived from the processing of gene introns. The intronic miRNA requires type-II RNA polymerases (Pol-II) and spliceosomal components for their biogenesis. Several kinds of Id-miRNA have been identified in C elegans, mouse, and human cells; however, neither function nor application has been reported. Here, we show for the first time that intron-derived miRNAs are able to induce RNA interference in not only human and mouse cells, but in also zebrafish, chicken embryos, and adult mice, demonstrating the evolutionary preservation of intron-mediated gene silencing via functional miRNA in cell and in vivo. These findings suggest an intracellular miRNA-mediated gene regulatory system, fine-tuning the degradation of protein-coding messenger RNAs
BiSinger: Bilingual Singing Voice Synthesis
Although Singing Voice Synthesis (SVS) has made great strides with
Text-to-Speech (TTS) techniques, multilingual singing voice modeling remains
relatively unexplored. This paper presents BiSinger, a bilingual pop SVS system
for English and Chinese Mandarin. Current systems require separate models per
language and cannot accurately represent both Chinese and English, hindering
code-switch SVS. To address this gap, we design a shared representation between
Chinese and English singing voices, achieved by using the CMU dictionary with
mapping rules. We fuse monolingual singing datasets with open-source singing
voice conversion techniques to generate bilingual singing voices while also
exploring the potential use of bilingual speech data. Experiments affirm that
our language-independent representation and incorporation of related datasets
enable a single model with enhanced performance in English and code-switch SVS
while maintaining Chinese song performance. Audio samples are available at
https://bisinger-svs.github.io.Comment: Accepted by ASRU202
Ground state baryons in the flux-tube three-body confinement model using Diffusion Monte Carlo
We make a systematical diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) calculation for all ground
state baryons in two confinement scenarios, the pairwise confinement and the
three-body flux-tube confinement. With the baryons as an example, we illustrate
a feasible procedure to investigate the few-quark states with possible few-body
confinement mechanisms, which can be extended to the multiquark states easily.
For each baryon, we extract the mass, mean-square radius, charge radius, and
the quark distributions. We use the Jackknife resampling method to estimate the
statistical uncertainties of masses to be less than 1 MeV. To determine the
baryon charge radii, we include the constituent quark size effect, which is
fixed by the experimental and lattice QCD results. Our results show that both
two-body and three-body confinement mechanisms can give a good description of
the experimental data if the parameters are chosen properly. In the flux-tube
confinement, introducing different tension parameters for the baryons and
mesons are necessary, specifically, . The
lesson from the calculation of the nucleon mass with the DMC method is that the
improper pre-assignment of the channels may prevent us from obtaining the real
ground state. With this experience, we obtain the real ground state (the
threshold with the di-meson configuration) of the
system with starting from the
diquark-antidiquark spin-color channels alone, which is hard to achieve in the
variational method and was not obtained in the previous DMC calculations.Comment: 24 pages, 18 figures. The Supplement material is attached in the
source code of LaTeX. Comments are welcome
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