Research of the Correlation between the H1N1 Morbidity Data and Google Trends in Egypt

The search engine based on influenza monitoring system has been widely applied in many European and American countries. However, there are not any correlative researches reported for African developing countries. Especially, the countries Egypt has not designed an influenza monitoring system on the basis of the Internet search data. This study aims at analyzing the correlation between the Google search data and the H1N1 morbidity data of Egypt, and examining the feasibility of Google Flu Model in predicting the H1N1 influenza trend

Cooperative Communication Based on Random Beamforming Strategy in Wireless Sensor Networks

This paper presents a two-phase cooperative communication strategy and an optimal power allocation strategy to transmit sensor observations to a fusion center in a large-scale sensor network. Outage probability is used to evaluate the performance of the proposed system. Simulation results demonstrate that: 1) when signal-to-noise ratio is low, the performance of the proposed system is better than that of the multiple-input and multiple-output system over uncorrelated slow fading Rayleigh channels; 2) given the transmission rate and the total transmission SNR, there exists an optimal power allocation that minimizes the outage probability; 3) on correlated slow fading Rayleigh channels, channel correlation will degrade the system performance in linear proportion to the correlation level.Comment: 6 pages and 7 figure

Holographic bound and protein linguistics

The holographic bound in physics constrains the complexity of life. The finite storage capability of information in the observable universe requires the protein linguistics in the evolution of life. We find that the evolution of genetic code determines the variance of amino acid frequencies and genomic GC content among species. The elegant linguistic mechanism is confirmed by the experimental observations based on all known entire proteomes.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. A trial application of holographic bound in life scienc

Quantum spectrum and statistic entropy of black hole

Taking the horizon surface of the black hole as a compact membrane and solving the oscillation equation of this membrane by Klein-Gordon equation, we derive the frequencies of oscillation modes of the horizon surface, which are proportional to the radiation temperature of the black hole. However, the frequencies of oscillation modes are not equidistant. Using the distribution of obtained frequencies of oscillation mode we compute the statistic entropy of the black hole and obtain that the statistic entropy of the black hole is proportional to the area of the horizon. Therefore, it is proven that the quantum statistic entropy of the black hole is consistent with Bekenstein-Hawking entropy.Comment: 7 page

Spectrum of the Laplacian on Quaternionic Kahler Manifolds

Let $M^{4n}$ be a complete quaternionic K\"ahler manifold with scalar curvature bounded below by $-16n(n+2)$. We get a sharp estimate for the first eigenvalue $\lambda_1(M)$ of the Laplacian which is $\lambda_1(M)\le (2n+1)^2$. If the equality holds, then either $M$ has only one end, or $M$ is diffeomorphic to $\mathbb{R}\times N$ with N given by a compact manifold. Moreover, if $M$ is of bounded curvature, $M$ is covered by the quaterionic hyperbolic space $\mathbb{QH}^n$ and $N$ is a compact quotient of the generalized Heisenberg group. When $\lambda_1(M)\ge \frac{8(n+2)}3$, we also prove that $M$ must have only one end with infinite volume.Comment: 46 page

Faraday rotation effect in periodic graphene structure

We report the magneto-optical rotation effect in a periodic graphene-sheet structure. Due to the masslessness of carriers in graphene, the magnetic response is very sensitive and the magneto-optical rotation effect is therefore significant. We predict that the Verdet constant of the periodic graphene-sheet structure is roughly 10-100 times that of rare-earth-doped magneto-optical glass in the infrared region.Comment: 5 pages and 3 figure

Disentangle contributions to small-system collectivity via scans of light nucleus-nucleus collisions

The observation of multi-particle azimuthal correlations in high-energy small-system collisions has led to intense debate on its origin and the possible coexistence from two competing theoretical scenarios: one based on initial-state intrinsic momentum anisotropy (ISM), and the other based on final-state collective response to the collision geometry (FSM). To complement the previous scan of asymmetric collision systems ($p$+Au, $d$+Au and He+Au), we propose a scan of small symmetric collision systems at RHIC, such as C+C, O+O, Al+Al and Ar+Ar $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=0.2$ TeV, to provide further insights in disentangling contributions from these two scenarios. These symmetric small systems have the advantage of providing a better controlled initial geometry dominated by the average shape of the overlap region, as opposed to fluctuation-driven geometries in asymmetric systems. A transport model is employed to investigate the expected geometry response in the FSM scenario. Different trends of elliptic flow with increasing charge particle multiplicity are observed between symmetric and asymmetric systems, while triangular flow appears to show a similar behavior. Furthermore, a comparison of O+O collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=0.2$ TeV and at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.76-7$ TeV, as proposed at the LHC, provides a unique opportunity to disentangle the collision geometry effects at nucleon level from those arising from subnucleon fluctuations.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure

Hawking radiation of Kerr-Newman-de Sitter black hole

We extend the classical Damour-Ruffini method and discuss Hawking radiation in Kerr-Newman-de Sitter(KNdS) black hole. Under the condition that the total energy, angular momentum and charge of spacetime are conserved, taking the reaction of the radiation of the particle to the spacetime and the relation between the black hole event horizon and the cosmological horizon into consideration, we derive the black hole radiation spectrum. The radiation spectrum is no longer a pure thermal one. It is related to the change of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy corresponding the black hole event horizon and the cosmological horizon. It is consistent with an underlying unitary theory.Comment: 8 page

Information-disturbance tradeoff in sending Direction information via antiparallel quantum spin

For sending unknown direction information, antiparallel spins contains more direction information than parallel spins(Gisin and Popescu, 1999, \textit{Phys. Rev. Lett.} 83, 432).In this paper, the optimal information-disturbance tradeoff bound for antiparallel spins is derived. The quantum measurements which attain the optimal tradeoff bound are obtained. This result can be of practical relevance for posing some general limits on Eve's eavesdropping process. Finally, we also present a comparison between the bound for antiparallel spins and the bound for parallel spins

Distance for Functional Data Clustering Based on Smoothing Parameter Commutation

We propose a novel method to determine the dissimilarity between subjects for functional data clustering. Spline smoothing or interpolation is common to deal with data of such type. Instead of estimating the best-representing curve for each subject as fixed during clustering, we measure the dissimilarity between subjects based on varying curve estimates with commutation of smoothing parameters pair-by-pair (of subjects). The intuitions are that smoothing parameters of smoothing splines reflect inverse signal-to-noise ratios and that applying an identical smoothing parameter the smoothed curves for two similar subjects are expected to be close. The effectiveness of our proposal is shown through simulations comparing to other dissimilarity measures. It also has several pragmatic advantages. First, missing values or irregular time points can be handled directly, thanks to the nature of smoothing splines. Second, conventional clustering method based on dissimilarity can be employed straightforward, and the dissimilarity also serves as a useful tool for outlier detection. Third, the implementation is almost handy since subroutines for smoothing splines and numerical integration are widely available. Fourth, the computational complexity does not increase and is parallel with that in calculating Euclidean distance between curves estimated by smoothing splines