Reciprocated electrochemical and DFT investigations of iron selenide: mechanically bendable solid-state symmetric supercapacitor

Enhanced energy storing capability with the aid of unique nanostructured morphology is beneficial to enrich the effective path for the development of energy storing capability of supercapacitors. Scheming earth abundant and low-cost transitional metal selenides (TMSs) with enhanced charge transfer capability with pronounced stability is still a challenge. Herein, state of art is presented for iron selenide with nanoflakes surface architecture synthesized with aid of simple, industry-scalable, and ionic layer controlled chemical approach namely; successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method. Iron selenide electrode yields capacitance of 671.7 F/g at 2 mV/s scan rate and 434.6 F/g at 2 mA/cm2 current density through cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) studies, respectively with 91.9% cyclic retention at 4000 cycles. Developed bendable solid-state supercapacitor reveals remarkable power density of 5.1 kW/kg with outstanding deformation tolerance including practical demo to run small fan, demonstrating capability for advanced energy storage applications. Complementary first-principles Density Functional Theory (DFT) approach used to achieve reciprocity with experimental supercapacitive performance through the understandings of the electronic structure

Susceptibility of Mice to Trypanosoma evansi Treated with Human Plasma Containing Different Concentrations of Apolipoprotein L-1

The aim of this study was to test the susceptibility of mice to Trypanosoma evansi treated with human plasma containing different concentrations of apolipoprotein L-1 (APOL1). For this experiment, a strain of T. evansi and human plasma (plasmas 1, 2, and 3) from 3 adult males clinically healthy were used. In vivo test used 50 mice divided in 5 groups (A to E) with 10 animals in each group. Animals of groups B to E were infected, and then treated with 0.2 ml of human plasma in the following outline: negative control (A), positive control (B), treatment with plasma 1 (C), treatment with plasma 2 (D), and treatment with plasma 3 (E). Mice treated with human plasma showed an increase in longevity of 40.9±0.3 (C), 20±9.0 (D) and 35.6±9.3 (E) days compared to the control group (B) which was 4.3±0.5 days. The number of surviving mice and free of the parasite (blood smear and PCR negative) at the end of the experiment was 90%, 0%, and 60% for groups C, D, and E, respectively. The quantification of APOL1 was performed due to the large difference in the treatments that differed in the source plasma. In plasmas 1, 2, and 3 was detected the concentration of 194, 99, and 115 mg/dl of APOL1, respectively. However, we believe that this difference in the treatment efficiency is related to the level of APOL1 in plasmas

Polyethylene glycol (PEG): a versatile polymer for pharmaceutical applications

Introduction: Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a polymer of choice in drug delivery systems. This USFDA-approved polymer is popular due to its tunable properties and well-established safety profile: prime requisites considered during the selection of any excipient in formulation development. Areas covered: The unique properties and applications of PEG have been discussed at length in the existing literature. However, a proper guidance on selection of PEG grade to cater to one's purpose is lacking. This article provides preliminary guidelines to formulators on selection of appropriate PEG grade, typically based on its physico-chemical properties and role-based functional application in pharmaceuticals. It should be noted that the aim article is not to deep dive in each application area. Expert opinion: Guidance on PEG application and grade of choice is lacking in the available literature. The authors have discussed and provided guidance to formulators on the appropriate PEG grade selection for particular application based on the available in vitro and in vivo literature data. In this review a State-of-the-art use of PEG in therapeutic applications, its clinical status and commercial use is also summarized. Nevertheless, toxicities related to different PEG grades and related impurities are discussed in this review

A study of Pulmonary Function of Tests in type II Diabetes Mellitus

Background: The fact that DM affects the microcirculation was recognized over a century ago but the concept that there might be a specific angiopathy underlying many of the late complications of diabetes was not known till the survey of Lundback. Objectives: This study was undertaken to find out the effects of type II DM on pulmonary functions and whether these effects have a correlation with the diabetic status of the patients as well as the presence of other microvascular complications. Methods: The present study was cross sectional, observation study. 70 patients were screened as per the protocol of the study. The obtained data was analyzed by chi square test and one way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and independent sample t-test. For all statistical comparisions, P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of the study population was 55.39±11.39 years. 40% were found to have more than one microvascular complications. Retinal complication was the most common (18.57%) neural was found in 8.57% and renal was the least common (7.14%). 51.4% had a normal PFT pattern. Of those having an abnormal PFT most (21.4%) were found to have a restrictive pattern. Out of the 36 patients who had normal PFT, 15 (41.67%) had no associated microvascular complication. there is significant association between the duration of diabetes and decline in pulmonary function parameters (p value=0.0299). Conclusion: Patients of Type II diabetes were prone to decline in lung function and restrictive pulmonary pattern. Decline in pulmonary function is more in the presence of other microvascular complications

Ethical issues in research and development of nanoparticles

Drug Delivery Aspects: Expectations and Realities of Multifunctional Drug Delivery Systems examines the fabrication, optimization, and scale-up of nano and micro carriers. Various aspects like conversion of micro-nano particles into solid dosage form, large scale industry manufacturing challenges of nanocarriers, regulatory considerations on drug device combinations are featured in this volume. Written by a diverse range of international researchers from industry and academia, the chapters examine specific aspects of characterization and manufacturing for pharmaceutical applications as well as regulatory and policy aspects. The Multifunctional Drug Delivery Systems books provide a platform to discuss opportunities and challenges in development of micro-nanomedicine and other drug delivery systems, review industrial manufacturing challenges, discuss current and future market trends, facilitate the insight sharing within various expertise area, and establish collaborations between academic scientists, industrial and clinical researchers. This book connects formulation scientists, regulatory experts, engineers, clinical experts and regulatory stake holders. The wide scope of the book ensures it is a valuable reference resource for researchers in both academia and the pharmaceutical industry who want to learn more about the status of drug delivery systems