Anomaly at finite density and chiral fermions on lattice

Using both perturbation theory in the Euclidean formalism as well as the non-perturbative Fujikawa's method, we verify that the chiral anomaly equation remains unaffected in continuum QCD in the presence of nonzero chemical potential, \mu. We extend our considerations to lattice fermions with exact chiral symmetry and discuss the consequences for the recent Bloch-Wettig proposal for the Dirac operator at finite chemical potential. We propose a new simpler method of incorporating \mu.Comment: Talk presented at the XXVII International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 26-31, 2009, Peking University, Beijing, China; 7 pages, 3 figure

An Interesting Case Of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an uncommon inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. The disease typically occurs after infections or vaccinations. However, in many patients with ADEM, no evidence of prior infection or vaccination can be found. We are reporting a patient who developed clinical and radiological features of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis after trauma of repeated attempts at lumber puncture for spinal anesthesi

Exact Chiral Fermions and Finite Density on Lattice

Any mu^2-divergence is shown analytically to be absent for a class of actions for Overlap and Domain Wall Fermions with nonzero chemical potential. All such actions are, however, shown to violate the chiral invariance. While the parameter M of these actions can be shown to be irrelevant in the continuum limit, as expected, it is shown numerically that the continuum limit can be reached with relatively coarser lattices for M in the range of 1.5-1.6.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, talk presented at The XXVI International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 14 - 19, 2008, Williamsburg, Virginia, US

In Vivo Genome Editing: Proof of Concept in Neonatal and Adult Mouse Liver

Adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors show great potential for therapeutic gene delivery for monogenic diseases, including hemophilia. Major limitations of this approach are the inability to persist in dividing cells and the restrictive packaging capacity of AAV. Gene targeting, the ability to make site-directed changes to the genome, has been a powerful tool for genetic discovery. Until recently, the low efficiency of targeting has rendered it unlikely to be of therapeutic value for most genetic diseases. Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) are engineered proteins capable of site-directed DNA cleavage, known to increase the efficiency of gene targeting. Our lab has previously demonstrated in vivo gene targeting of the liver using AAV to deliver ZFNs and therapeutic donor in neonatal mice, where the rapid proliferation of hepatocytes may promote genome editing through homology directed repair (HDR). It was unknown whether the success of this approach could be replicated in adult mice (with predominantly quiescent hepatocytes, unlikely to be amenable to HDR). We hypothesized that in the absence of HDR, the non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathway may promote gene targeting in adult mice. Indeed, homology independent vector integration was sufficient to drive robust expression of clotting factor IX, deficient in hemophilia B, and correct the disease phenotype in mice treated as adults. This approach was adapted to create a general platform for liver-directed protein replacement therapy. Using ZFNs targeting the mouse albumin locus, we achieved long-term therapeutic expression of human factors VIII and IX in mouse models of hemophilia A and B as well as four different therapeutic enzymes deficient in lysosomal storage disorders. To test our hypothesis that in vivo genome editing relies on different DNA repair mechanisms in neonatal and adult mice, we applied multiple techniques including a novel reporter construct, southern blot, comparisons of donors with and without arms of homology, and a mouse model of NHEJ deficiency. These data indicate HDR is the primary mechanism of genome editing in neonatal mouse livers, and dispensable for therapeutically relevant levels of genome editing in adult mice. These results have implications in designing safer and more efficacious genome editing therapies

A Computing Model for Design of Flexible Buoyancy System for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles and Gliders

Modern design approaches are conceived and utilised in an integrated loop covering system statics, dynamics, optimisation, and others. In this regard this paper presents a computing based integrated design approach for a flexible buoyancy system (FBS) aimed towards the applications in autonomous underwater vehicles and gliders. The primary design alternatives for the FBS are: piston and pump driven and both are investigated. The primary design of autonomous underwater vehicles and gliders is computed from first principle of mechanics and defined in the computer aided design model and it is implemented in the Matlab*TM. Lastly, to show the application of the present approach, a design example is presented for a water depth of 6000 m

Ameliorating the Saliency of Objects in digital Images

Visual saliency is the capability of a revelation system of human or machine to choose a sub part of information for further processing. The mechanism describes here serves as a filter to pick only the interesting information related to given errands and the tasks while ignoring inappropriate information. This work uses Random Forest to know the similarity between the image patches, apply active contour model to get the approximate contour and do dynamic thresholding segmentation .The results we get consists of many small artifacts, so to remove the low level details and to obtain the more smoothness we apply gradient minimization technique

Allelic forms of the knob associated histidine-rich protein gene of Plasmodium falciparum

AbstractThe knob associated histidine-rich protein (KAHRP) gene was cloned and sequenced from two Indian isolates of Plasmodium falciparum, Pf3-92 and Pf29-92. These isolates showed major sequence differences in the C-terminal repeat domain of KAHRP. However, the biologically important domains such as spectrin-actin binding region remained highly conserved. The PCR amplification of a variable C-terminal repeat domain from the clinical isolates of P. falciparum, from Rajasthan epidemic, showed the presence of multiple alleles of KAHRP gene. The presence of multiple alleles indicates the existence of several P. falciparum strains in India. This should be taken into account for future malaria control strategies such as molecular therapy and vaccines

Elective versus emergency caesarean section: differences in maternal outcome

Background: Caesarean section is a life-saving surgical procedure when certain complications arise during pregnancy or labour. The use of CS worldwide has increased worldwide unprecedented levels although the gap between higher- and lower-resource settings remains. The present study evaluates the difference in maternal outcome in elective versus emergency caesarean sections in our institute.Methods: The study included first 65 cases of emergency caesarean section (group A) and during the study period, first 65 elective caesarean section (group B) if they fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Various intra operative and postoperative events were recorded which included intra operative complications, postpartum haemorrhage and transfusion indices.Results: The most common indication of caesarean section in group A was fetal distress (27.7%). In group B most caesarean sections were classified under 5 followed by class 6, the most common indication being previous caesarean section (27.6%). It was observed that pre-operative mean haemoglobin in group A was 10.6 g/dl and in group B was 11.2g/dl. A drop of 1.36 g/dl in group A and 1.10 g/dl in group B was observed in the post-op period. Cross match / transfusion ratio 1.5 in group A and  2 in group B, transfusion probability ratio was 60 % in group A and  66.7%  in group B and transfusion index was 1 in group A and  group B. There was significantly higher contraception acceptance in group B compared to group A.Conclusions: Elective caesarean section has more favourable maternal outcome as compared to emergency caesarean section as the former is done under controlled and planned circumstances.  However, there should be stringent audit to scrutinise indication of caesarean section, outcome of caesarean and blood transfusion practices