Econometric Analysis of Labor Income and Job Seeking Disparities in the United States

In the labor market of the United States, a wide range of socioeconomic and demographic factors impact workers’ income and decisions to seek new jobs, which are two critical metrics of labor income dynamics. Studies of income dynamics have historically been examining major demographic and situational factors such as marital and family matters of Americans from the 1960s to 2000s. However, Technological breakthroughs have drastically changed the landscape of the labor force and economy, and individuals face a more complex and diverse context. This paper recognizes the need to analyze the factors behind these two income dynamics metrics in the contemporary setting. This paper confirms that the wages and other types of income of the cohort (born in 1980s and 1990s) in the United States are explained by personal demographics, living habits, and family background conditions. This paper also finds a series of factors, such as region, marital status, and education, to be significant in determining whether individuals will seek a new full-time job over time. This paper limits itself to predictive and forensic analysis and leaves the question of job search motivations to authors of related areas

Econometric Analysis of Labor Income and Job Seeking Disparities in the United States

In the labor market of the United States, a wide range of socioeconomic and demographic factors impact workers’ income and decisions to seek new jobs, which are two critical metrics of labor income dynamics. Studies of income dynamics have historically been examining major demographic and situational factors such as marital and family matters of Americans from the 1960s to 2000s. However, technological breakthroughs have drastically changed the landscape of the labor force and economy, and individuals face a more complex and diverse context. This paper recognizes the need to analyze the factors behind these two income dynamics metrics in the contemporary setting. This paper confirms that the wages and other types of income of the cohort (born in 1980s and 1990s) in the United States are explained by personal demographics, living habits, and family background conditions. This paper also finds a series of factors, such as region, marital status, and education, to be significant in determining whether individuals will seek a new full-time job over time. This paper limits itself to predictive and forensic analysis and leaves the question of job search motivations to authors of related areas

Glucose Sensing Optionally in Optical and Optoelectrical Modes Based on Au-TiO2 Schottky Nanojunctions

Abstract: In recent years, metallic nanostructures have been extensively researched in the field of plasmonic for optical and optoelectronic applications such as biochemical sensing. However, an additional optoelectronic converter or spectrometer is usually required for the sensing application. Herein, the orderly-patterned Au-TiO2 Schottky junction with an Al film that we coupled, which simultaneously works as an optical reflector and conducting layer, can achieve optical sensing of glucose by exciting surface plasmon resonance associated with the environment, and meanwhile can realize glucose detection with direct electrical-signal readout by collecting the photogenerated carriers inside the Au nanostructures and TiO2 film. When used in optical mode, the designed sensor shows a sensing sensitivity of up to 1200.0 nmRIU-1 in numerical calculation, and the measured value is 346.1 nmRIU-1. When used in optoelectrical mode, the glucose sensor under one-sun illumination obtains a sensitivity of 70.0 µAM-1cm-2 in the concentration range of 0–10 mM, with a detection limit of 0.05 µM (Signal/Noise=3). Simulation and experimental results demonstrated that the Al-film-coupled Au-TiO2 Schottky nanojunction can monitor glucose concentration optionally in optical and optoelectrical modes, which presents an alternative route to the miniaturized, portable, and multi-functioned sensors

Modeling Multi-wavelength Pulse Profiles of Millisecond Pulsar PSR B1821-24

PSR B1821$-$24 is a solitary millisecond pulsar (MSP) which radiates multi-wavelength pulsed photons. It has complex radio, X-ray and $\gamma$-ray pulse profiles with distinct peak phase-separations that challenge the traditional caustic emission models. Using the single-pole annular gap model with suitable magnetic inclination angle ($\alpha=40^\circ$) and viewing angle ($\zeta=75^\circ$), we managed to reproduce its pulse profiles of three wavebands. It is found that the middle radio peak is originated from the core gap region at high altitudes, and the other two radio peaks are originated from the annular gap region at relatively low altitudes. Two peaks of both X-ray and $\gamma$-ray wavebands are fundamentally originated from annular gap region, while the $\gamma$-ray emission generated from the core gap region contributes somewhat to the first $\gamma$-ray peak. Precisely reproducing the multi-wavelength pulse profiles of PSR B1821$-$24 enables us to understand emission regions of distinct wavebands and justify pulsar emission models.Comment: Accepted for publication in Ap

Unusual Fermi Surface Sheet-Dependent Band Splitting in Sr2RuO4 Revealed by High Resolution Angle-Resolved Photoemission

High resolution angle-resolved photoemission measurements have been carried out on Sr2RuO4. We observe clearly two sets of Fermi surface sheets near the (\pi,0)-(0,\pi) line which are most likely attributed to the surface and bulk Fermi surface splitting of the \beta band. This is in strong contrast to the nearly null surface and bulk Fermi surface splitting of the \alpha band although both have identical orbital components. Extensive band structure calculations are performed by considering various scenarios, including structural distortion, spin-orbit coupling and surface ferromagnetism. However, none of them can explain such a qualitative difference of the surface and bulk Fermi surface splitting between the \alpha and \beta sheets. This unusual behavior points to an unknown order on the surface of Sr2RuO4 that remains to be uncovered. Its revelation will be important for studying and utilizing novel quantum phenomena associated with the surface of Sr2RuO4 as a result of its being a possible p-wave chiral superconductor and a topological superconductor.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure

Pain-Related Factors and Their Impact on Quality of Life in Chinese Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

ObjectivesPain is considered a common symptom in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, the results of studies on pain in ALS are limited and inconsistent. The aim of our study was to comprehensively evaluate the potential factors of pain and effects on quality of life (QoL) in patients with ALS from China.Participants and MethodsPatients were eligible if they fulfilled the criteria of probable and definitive ALS according to the revised El Escorial criteria. Pain was assessed by the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). Disease severity, sleep quality, fatigue, anxiety, depression, and quality of life (QoL) were evaluated in ALS patients by the ALS Functional Rating Scale-revised (ALSFRS-R) and ALS severity scale (ALSSS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire (MQOL). Then, the clinical characteristics of ALS patients with pain were compared with those without pain. Last, associated factors of pain, as well as impact on QoL in Chinese ALS patients, were assessed.ResultsA total of 86 ALS patients were included. ALS patients with pain tended to have higher FSS scores and poorer QoL. The FSS score and ALSSS [lower extremity (LE) + upper extremity (UE)] were associated with pain in ALS patients. The ALS Functional Rating Scale-revised (ALSFRS-R), Pain Severity Index (PSI), HARS and HDRS scores were significantly associated with both the physical and psychological domains of QoL.ConclusionOur study was the first to comprehensively evaluate factors associated with pain in Chinese ALS patients, finding that fatigue can be a risk factor for pain and ALSSS (LE + UE) score was related with pain intensity. Additionally, we identified the adverse effects of ALSSS (LE + UE), HARS and HDRS scores on QoL in Chinese ALS patients

Acceptor plane expansion enhances horizontal orientation of thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters.

Manipulating orientation of organic emitters remains a formidable challenge in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Here, expansion of the acceptor plane of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters was demonstrated to selectively modulate emitting dipole orientation. Two proof-of-the-concept molecules, PXZPyPM and PXZTAZPM, were prepared by introducing a planar 2-phenylpyridine or 2,4,6-triphenyl-1,3,5-triazine substituent into a prototypical molecule (PXZPM) bearing a pyrimidine core and two phenoxazine donors. This design approach suppressed the influence of substituents on electronic structures and associated optoelectronic properties. Accordingly, PXZPyPM and PXZTAZPM preserved almost the same excited states and similar emission characteristics as PXZPM. The expanded acceptor plane of PXZPyPM and PXZTAZPM resulted in a 15 to 18% increase in horizontal ratios of emitting dipole orientation. PXZPyPM supported its green device exhibiting an external quantum efficiency of 33.9% and a power efficiency of 118.9 lumen per watt, competitive with the most efficient green TADF OLEDs reported so far