A Novel Method for Detecting p53 Autoantibodies in Sera of Patients with NSCLC

Background and objective Serum autoantibody detection is useful means for the early diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. So our objective was to synthesize peptide array to analyse p53 autoantibodies in the sera of patients with non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Cellulose-bound overlapping peptides (12 mers) derived from p53 wild type protein were synthesized using SOPTs synthesis technique by an AutoSpot robot –ASP SL (Intavis, Germany). The membrane was incubated with 1/400 dilutions of p53 monoclonal antibody (Sc-53394) to establish a new approach to detect p53 antibody, and the epitopes of the p53 monoclonal antibody is already known. We analysed the p53 autoantibodies from the sera of NSCLC and controls by peptide array and ELISA. Results We synthesized on cellulose membranes twelve-amino-acid overlapping peptides which included all of the sequences of the polypeptide chain of p53. The p53 autoantibody was positive in seven cases of thirty patients’ sera with NSCLC and was negative in sera of the controls, with the same result of ELISA. Conclusion The peptide array could be applied not only to detect the autoantibodies in the sera of patients with lung cancer, but also to map the epitopes of the autoantibodies which might be useful for the early diagnosis and prognosis of cancer

Diagnosis and Treatment of Tracheal or Bronchuotracheal Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

Background and objective Adenoid cystic carcinoma is primary bronchopulmonary carcinoma with low malignancy, and 43 patients treated in the past 50 years in our hospital were retrospectively studied. The aim of this study is to discuss the clinical symptoms, pathologic characteristic and therapeutic method of primary tracheal or bronchuotracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma. Methods This study summarized total 43 patients of primary tracheal or bronchus adenoid cystic carcinoma treated in our hospital from Jan. 1958 to Dec. 2007. Among them, 40 patients were treated by surgical resection, and 3 patients were treated by fiberoptic bronchoscope’s interventional treatment. Results The 1-yr, 3-yr, 5-yr survival rates of the 43 patients above were 100% (41/41), 89.5% (34/38), 87.1% (27/31), respectively. Conclusion Primary tracheal or bronchus adenoid cystic carcinoma are rare and low malignancy carcinoma. The clinical symptoms of them are not typical. The best treatment is early detection and taking measures of operation plus radiotherapy. The other palliative treatment is fiberoptic bronchoscope’s interventional treatment

Expression and Clinical Significance of mTOR and PTEN in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Background and objective It has been proved that mTOR was an important signal transduction molecular and protein kinase regulating cell growth and proliferation, and mTOR could activate the downstream protein effector. PTEN could negatively regulate mTOR signal pathway and inhibit its activity. The aim of this study is to detect the mRNA expression levels of mTOR and PTEN gene, which are the key genes of mTOR signaling pathway in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissue. The relationship between mTOR signaling pathway and NSCLC is also explored. Methods Lung cancer tissue specimens were obtained from 65 patients. Adjacent-tumor non-small cell lung cancer tissues from the 30 patients were served as control. The RT-PCR technique was used to detect the mTOR and PTEN gene expression levels. Results The average mRNA expression levels of mTOR gene were significantly higher (0.23±0.16) in lung cancer than in adjacent-tumor tissue (0.12±0.09)(P < 0.01). The average mRNA expression levels of PTEN gene were (0.19±0.28) in lung cancer, while the mRNA expression levels of PTEN gene were (0.53±0.28) in adjacent-tumor tissue (P < 0.01). The levels of PTEN gene expression in non-small cell lung cancer were significantly lower than that in adjacent-tumor lung tissue. There are not significant relationship between mTOR and PTEN gene expression levels and patients’ age, gender, pathological type, differentiation, lymph node metastasis, except tumor size. Conclusion The expression of mTOR is activated in NSCLC. The expression of PTEN is absent or decreased. The mTOR activated in NSCLC may be correlate with the absent or decreased of PTEN. The absent or decreased expression of PTEN and the actived mTOR may play important roles in carcinogenesis and metastasis of NSCLC

Neural network-based model for evaluating inert nodules and volume doubling time in T1 lung adenocarcinoma: a nested case−control study

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to establish model for assessing inert nodules predicting nodule volume-doubling.MethodsA total of 201 patients with T1 lung adenocarcinoma were analysed retrospectively pulmonary nodule information was predicted by an AI pulmonary nodule auxiliary diagnosis system. The nodules were classified into two groups: inert nodules (volume-doubling time (VDT)>600 days n=152) noninert nodules (VDT<600 days n=49). Then taking the clinical imaging features obtained at the first examination as predictive variables the inert nodule judgement model <sn</sn>>(INM) volume-doubling time estimation model (VDTM) were constructed based on a deep learning-based neural network. The performance of the INM was evaluated by the area under the curve (AUC) obtained from receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis the performance of the VDTM was evaluated by R2(determination coefficient).ResultsThe accuracy of the INM in the training and testing cohorts was 81.13% and 77.50%, respectively. The AUC of the INM in the training and testing cohorts was 0.7707 (95% CI 0.6779-0.8636) and 0.7700 (95% CI 0.5988-0.9412), respectively. The INM was effective in identifying inert pulmonary nodules; additionally, the R2 of the VDTM in the training cohort was 0.8008, and that in the testing cohort was 0.6268. The VDTM showed moderate performance in estimating the VDT, which can provide some reference during a patients’ first examination and consultationConclusionThe INM and the VDTM based on deep learning can help radiologists and clinicians distinguish among inert nodules and predict the nodule volume-doubling time to accurately treat patients with pulmonary nodules

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) related to the Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 among Chinese General Population: a Telephone Survey

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>China is at greatest risk of the Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 due to its huge population and high residential density. The unclear comprehension and negative attitudes towards the emerging infectious disease among general population may lead to unnecessary worry and even panic. The objective of this study was to investigate the Chinese public response to H1N1 pandemic and provide baseline data to develop public education campaigns in response to future outbreaks.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A close-ended questionnaire developed by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention was applied to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 among 10,669 responders recruited from seven urban and two rural areas of China sampled by using the probability proportional to size (PPS) method.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>30.0% respondents were not clear whether food spread H1N1 virusand. 65.7% reported that the pandemic had no impact on their life. The immunization rates of the seasonal flu and H1N1vaccine were 7.5% and 10.8%, respectively. Farmers and those with lower education level were less likely to know the main transmission route (cough or talk face to face). Female and those with college and above education had higher perception of risk and more compliance with preventive behaviors. Relationships between knowledge and risk perception (OR = 1.69; 95%CI 1.54-1.86), and knowledge and practices (OR = 1.57; 95%CI 1.42-1.73) were found among the study subjects. With regard to the behavior of taking up A/H1N1 vaccination, there are several related factors found in the current study population, including the perception of life disturbed (OR = 1.29; 95%CI 1.11-1.50), the safety of A/H1N1 vaccine (OR = 0.07; 95%CI 0.04-0.11), the knowledge of free vaccination policy (OR = 7.20; 95%CI 5.91-8.78), the state's priority vaccination strategy(OR = 1.33; 95%CI 1.08-1.64), and taking up seasonal influenza vaccine behavior (OR = 4.69; 95%CI 3.53-6.23).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This A/H1N1 epidemic has not caused public panic yet, but the knowledge of A/H1N1 in residents is not optimistic. Public education campaign may take the side effects of vaccine and the knowledge about the state's vaccination strategy into account.</p

Research Progresses of Circulating Tumor Cells in Diagnosis and Treatment of Early Lung Cancer

As one of the important liquid biopsies, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) shows more and more clinical values in the treatment of lung cancer such as diagnostic screening, treatment evaluation, postoperative monitoring, and prognosis predicting etc. A large number of small pulmonary nodules patients are detected when screening the high risk population of lung cancer. However, small lung nodules are not equal to lung cancer, and 90%-95% of them are benign lesion, therefore, to accurately and correctly differentiate whether it is benign or malignant when patients firstly detected and treat a small pulmonary nodule is become a new opportunity and challenge for clinician. With the improvement of CTCs detection technology, whether it will play an important role in early differential diagnosis of lung cancer. And whether it will have clinical significance to early lung cancer surgery operations. These require further researches and explorations so as to achieve clinical transformation in the future

Serum Tumor Markers for Lung Cancer Diagnosis

Background and objective Progress has been made in research of lung cancer tumor markers in recent years, and these tumor markers have been used in clinical application. This study is to evaluate the regimens of six serum tumor markers in lung cancer diagnosis. Methods The serum levels of the six tumor markers (NSE、pro-GRP、CYFRA21-1、SCC、p53 antibody and CA199) were detected in 80 healthy adults, 170 patients with lung cancer and 80 patients with respiratory infection by ELISA. Results The levels of the six tumor markers in patients with lung cancer were remarkably higher than those in healthy adults and patients with respiratory infection (P<0.01). The levels of the NSE、pro-GRP in patients with small cell lung cancer were significantly higher than those in other subtypes of the lung cancer (P<0.01); The levels of the CYFRA21-1、SCC in patients with squamous carcinoma was remarkably higher than that in other subtypes of the lung cancer (P<0.01). The sensitivity of the NSE、pro-GRP in diagnosing small cell lung cancer was remarkably higher than that in other subtypes of the lung cancer (P<0.01); The sensitivity of the CYFRA21-1、SCC in diagnosing squamous carcinoma was remarkably higher than that in other subtypes of the lung cancer (P<0.01). The sensitivity of the tumor markers combinations in diagnosing lung cancer was remarkably higher than that of the single marker (P<0.01). Conclusion Detection of the six tumor markers is helpful for diagnosis lung cancer. Combination of NSE and pro-GRP is more economic than other combinations in diagnosing small cell lung cancer; Combined CYFRA21-1、SCC is more economic than other combinations in diagnosing squamous carcinoma