OR-005 Effects of HIITand MICT for 10 weeks on myocardial AMPK and PGC-1α in rats

Objective: The improvement of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is known as an effective strategy for prevention cardiovascular risk. Myocardial aerobic oxidation which control by the signal way of adenosine monophosphate -activated protein kinase (AMPK)- peroxisome proliferators γ activated receptor coativator-1-α (PGC-1α)  is the key for CRF. Previous studies only discuss the effect of the Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) and High Intensive Interval Training (HIIT) on the signal way of AMPK- PGC-1α in skeletal muscle but not in the myocardium. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of 10 weeks HIIT and MICT on the expression of AMPK and PGC-1α in the myocardium of wistar male rats. Methods: Wistar male rats (n=30) aged 6 weeks were randomly divided into HIIT or MICT or control (CON) group. The training groups ran on a treadmill 5 days/week for 10 weeks. HIIT group ran six times 3 minutes (0° slope) 90% of Vmax separated by 3 minutes 50% of Vmax and MICT group ran for 50min (0° slope) at 60–70% of maximal speed (Vmax). The expression of AMPK and PGC-1α were assessed by Western Blotting. Results: After 10 weeks training, HIIT and MICT both increased the AMPK and PGC-1α expression compared with the CON group. Compared with the MICT group, the expression of AMPK and PGC-1α were significantly higher than the HIIT group (p<0.05). AMPK in MICT group were significant increased 1.16 times, and in HIIT group were significant increased 1.28 times to CON (P<0.05). PGC-1α level of HIIT was significant increased to 1.32 times to CON and also significant increased to 1.15 times to Group M (P<0.05); PGC-1α level of MICT was significant increased to 1.15 times to CON. Conclusion：HIIT seems to improve myocardial AMPK and PGC-1α more efficiently than MICT in rats after 10 weeks training.&nbsp

Thermodynamic Geometry of black hole in the deformed Horava-Lifshitz gravity

We investigate the thermodynamic geometry and phase transition of Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole in the deformed Horava-Lifshitz gravity with coupling constant $\lambda=1$. The phase transition in black hole thermodynamics is thought to be associated with the divergence of the capacities. And the structures of these divergent points are studied. We also find that the thermodynamic curvature produced by the Ruppeiner metric is positive definite for all $r_+ > r_-$ and is divergence at $\eta_2=0$ corresponded to the divergent points of $C_{\Phi}$ and $C_T$. These results suggest that the microstructure of the black hole has an effective repulsive interaction, which is very similar to the ideal gas of fermions. These may shine some light on the microstructure of the black hole.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Phase-Matching Quantum Key Distribution without Intensity Modulation

Quantum key distribution provides a promising solution for sharing secure keys between two distant parties with unconditional security. Nevertheless, quantum key distribution is still severely threatened by the imperfections of devices. In particular, the classical pulse correlation threatens security when sending decoy states. To address this problem and simplify experimental requirements, we propose a phase-matching quantum key distribution protocol without intensity modulation. Instead of using decoy states, we propose a novel method to estimate the theoretical upper bound on the phase error rate contributed by even-photon-number components. Simulation results show that the transmission distance of our protocol could reach 305 km in telecommunication fiber. Furthermore, we perform a proof-of-principle experiment to demonstrate the feasibility of our protocol, and the key rate reaches 22.5 bps under a 45 dB channel loss. Addressing the security loophole of pulse intensity correlation and replacing continuous random phase with 6 or 8 slices random phase, our protocol provides a promising solution for constructing quantum networks.Comment: Comments are welcome! 12 pages, 6 figure

PO-082 16-Week high intensity interval training does not alter LKB1 and AMPKα protein in Rats Liver

Objective Liver, as one of the most important organs involved in lipids and glucose metabolism, yet no study has examined the response of liver kinase B1 (LKB1) and AMP-activated protein kinase α(AMPKα) signaling after high intensity interval training. This study aims to evaluate the effect of 16-week high intensity interval training intervention on the expression of LKB1、AMPKα in liver of aging rats. Methods 8 -month-old male Wistar rats（n=40）were randomly divided into control group (C) and HIIT group (H). Group H with 70%-90%-50%VO2max intensity training for 50min/ day, 5 days / week, lasted for 16 weeks. Rats were killed on 0, 8 and 16 weeks. We examined the protein expression of LKB1 and AMPKα in liver. Proteins were analyzed by western blot analysis. Data are mean±SD; for ANOVA, p<0.05 was significant. Results The AMPKα levels in group C and group H increased with time and there was no significant difference between the groups. The content of LKB1 in group C and group H both increased first and then decreased, but there was no significant difference between the groups. Conclusions 16-week high intensity interval training intervention had no effect on LKB1, AMPKα protein expression in aging rats

Evolutional selection of a combinatorial phage library displaying randomly-rearranged various single domains of immunoglobulin (Ig)-binding proteins (IBPs) with four kinds of Ig molecules

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Protein A, protein G and protein L are three well-defined immunoglobulin (Ig)-binding proteins (IBPs), which show affinity for specific sites on Ig of mammalian hosts. Although the precise functions of these molecules are not fully understood, it is thought that they play an important role in pathogenicity of bacteria. The single domains of protein A, protein G and protein L were all demonstrated to have function to bind to Ig. Whether combinations of Ig-binding domains of various IBPs could exhibit useful novel binding is interesting.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We used a combinatorial phage library which displayed randomly-rearranged various-peptide-linked molecules of D and A domains of protein A, designated PA(D) and PA(A) respectively, B2 domain of protein G (PG) and B3 domain of protein L (PL) for affinity selection with human IgG (hIgG), human IgM (hIgM), human IgA (hIgA) and recombinant hIgG1-Fc as bait respectively. Two kinds of novel combinatorial molecules with characteristic structure of PA(A)-PG and PA(A)-PL were obtained in hIgG (hIgG1-Fc) and hIgM (hIgA) post-selection populations respectively. In addition, the linking peptides among all PA(A)-PG and PA(A)-PL structures was strongly selected, and showed interestingly divergent and convergent distribution. The phage binding assays and competitive inhibition experiments demonstrated that PA(A)-PG and PA(A)-PL combinations possess comparable binding advantages with hIgG/hIgG1-Fc and hIgM/hIgA respectively.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In this work, a combinatorial phage library displaying Ig-binding domains of protein A, protein G, or protein L joined by various random linking peptides was used to conducted evolutional selection <it>in vitro</it> with four kinds of Ig molecules. Two kinds of novel combinations of Ig-binding domains, PA(A)-PG and PA(A)-PL, were obtained, and demonstrate the novel Ig binding properties.</p

Data sonification of film capacitors.

Film capacitors are playing an increasingly important role in power-related fields, driven by the continuous development of dielectric materials and practical needs. Long-term accumulation has also led to an increasing wealth of data related to film capacitors. Sonification opens up a new way for people to make good use of data from film capacitors. A framework for sonifying film capacitors data based on TwoTone is presented. Based on the analysis and discussion, it is clear that the sonification results can easily represent the monotonic variation pattern of film capacitors data. What's more, the sonification results increase the possibility that people pay attention to the changing trend of film capacitors data when there is no significant difference in the visual perception of the data. In addition to providing a new way of music generation of electrical equipment, the method proposed is expected to contribute to theory reference in typical scenarios, such as factory calibration of film capacitors, monitoring of film capacitor operation status, and presentation of statistical data of film capacitors' dielectric materials, which will help us to better understand the distribution characteristics of polymer films

An novel role of sphingosine kinase-1 (SPHK1) in the invasion and metastasis of esophageal carcinoma

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Treatment failure for esophageal carcinoma is frequently due to lymph node metastasis and invasion to neighboring organs. The aim of the present study was to investigate invasion- and metastasis-related genes in esophageal carcinoma cells <it>in vitro </it>and <it>in vivo</it>.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A metastasis model using a Matrigel invasion clonal selection approach was employed to establish a highly invasive subline EC9706-P4 from the esophageal carcinoma cell (ESCC) line EC9706. The differentially expressed genes of the subline and the parental cells determined by gene microarrays were further analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blotting.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We identified <it>sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) </it>as an invasion and metastasis-related gene of esophageal cancer. <it>SPHK1 </it>was overexpressed in the EC9706-P4 subline with high invasive capacity. Among six ESCC lines tested, KYSE2 and KYSE30 cells showed the highest <it>SPHK1 </it>mRNA and protein expressions as well as the most invasive phenotype. By Western blotting, in 7/12 cases (58%), SPHK1 expression was higher in esophageal carcinomas than in the companion normal tissue. In 23/30 cases (76%), SPHK1 protein expression was upregulated in the tumors compared to matched normal tissue by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Esophageal carcinoma tissue microarray analysis indicated that SPHK1 expression correlated with the depth of tumor invasion (<it>P </it>< 0.0001) and lymph node metastasis (<it>P </it>= 0.016). By Kaplan-Meier analysis, strong SPHK1 expression was significantly associated with clinical failure (<it>P </it>< 0.01), suggesting the involvement of SPHK1 in aggressiveness of human esophageal carcinoma. <it>SPHK1 </it>overexpression significantly increased the invasiveness of EC9706 cells <it>in vitro </it>and also increased EC9706 cell growth and spontaneous metastasis <it>in vivo</it>, promoting significant increases in tumor growth, tumor burden and spontaneous lung metastasis in nude mice. <it>SPHK1 </it>expression significantly correlated with the expression of many EGFR pathway genes associated with invasion of cancer cells. SPHK1 protein expression also significantly correlated with the phosphorylation of EGFR.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In summary, our data implicate <it>SPHK1 </it>in the metastasis of esophageal cancer. Our study also identified downstream mediators of SPHK1 in esophageal cancer cells that may mediate enhanced malignant behavior, and several of these mediators may be useful as therapeutic targets.</p

A note on Friedmann equation of FRW universe in deformed Horava-Lifshitz gravity from entropic force

With entropic interpretation of gravity proposed by Verlinde, we obtain the Friedmann equation of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe for the deformed Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz gravity. It is shown that, when the parameter of Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz gravity $\omega\rightarrow \infty$, the modified Friedmann equation will go back to the one in Einstein gravity. This results may imply that the entropic interpretation of gravity is effective for the deformed Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz gravity.Comment: 9 pages, no figure