61,647 research outputs found
Paper-boat relaxion
A new relaxion mechanism is proposed where a small electroweak scale is
preferably selected earlier than the larger one due to a potential instability,
which is different from previously proposed stopping mechanisms by either
Hubble friction from an increasing periodic barrier or thermal friction from
gauge boson production. The sub-Planckian field excursion of an axion can be
achieved without violating the bound on the -folding number from a quantum
gravity perspective; and our relaxion can be identified as a QCD axion,
preserving the Peccei-Quinn solution to the strong problem as well as
making up all the cold dark matter in our current Universe.Comment: v1, 6 pages, 1 figure; v2, references added, minor improvement, a
misused constraint corrected; v3, accepted by PRD, discussion added, title
changed from "Mexican Relaxion" to meet the journal requirement; v4, final
version to match the published versio
Electroweak relaxation of cosmological hierarchy
A simple model for the late-time cosmic acceleration problem is presented in
the Starobinsky inflation with a negative bare cosmological constant as well as
a nonminimal coupling to the Higgs boson. After electroweak symmetry breaking,
the Starobinsky inflaton has been frozen until very recently, becoming a
thawing quintessence, and a comparable magnitude to the observed dark energy
density can be achieved without fine-tuning. Our proposal essentially reduces
the cosmological constant problem into the electroweak hierarchy problem, and
its late-time behaviour is also consistent with the recently proposed swampland
criteria.Comment: v1, 6 pages, two columns, two figures; v2, references added, minor
improvement; v3, references added, minor improvement; v4, version accepted by
Phys.Rev.D with title changed into "Electroweak relaxation of cosmological
hierarchy"; v5, to match the published version with title changed from
"Quintessential Starobinsky inflation and swampland criteria
The harmonic map heat flow on conic manifolds
In this article, we study the the harmonic map heat flow from a manifold with
conic singularities to a closed manifold. In particular, we have proved the
short time existence and uniqueness of solutions as well as the existence of
global solutions into manifolds with nonpositive sectional curvature. These
results are established in virtue of the maximal regularity theory on manifolds
with conic singularities
DTATG: An Automatic Title Generator based on Dependency Trees
We study automatic title generation for a given block of text and present a
method called DTATG to generate titles. DTATG first extracts a small number of
central sentences that convey the main meanings of the text and are in a
suitable structure for conversion into a title. DTATG then constructs a
dependency tree for each of these sentences and removes certain branches using
a Dependency Tree Compression Model we devise. We also devise a title test to
determine if a sentence can be used as a title. If a trimmed sentence passes
the title test, then it becomes a title candidate. DTATG selects the title
candidate with the highest ranking score as the final title. Our experiments
showed that DTATG can generate adequate titles. We also showed that
DTATG-generated titles have higher F1 scores than those generated by the
previous methods.Comment: 8 pages, conference: accepted by KDIR 201
Nonlinear boundary crossing probabilities of Brownian motion with random jumps
We derive explicit formulas for probabilities of Brownian motion with jumps
crossing linear or piecewise linear boundaries in any finite interval. We then
use these formulas to approximate the boundary crossing probabilities for
general nonlinear boundaries. The jump process can be any integer-valued
process and jump sizes can have general distributions. Moreover, the jump sizes
can be even correlated and/or non-identically distributed. The numerical
algorithm is straightforward and easy to implement. Some numerical examples are
presented
Imbert-Fedorov shift in Weyl semimetals: Dependence on monopole charge and intervalley scattering
The Imbert-Fedorov (IF) shift in optics describes the transverse shift of
light beams at the reflection interface. Recently, the IF shift of Weyl
fermions at the interface between Weyl semimetals (WSMs) with single monopole
charge has been studied. Here, we study the IF shift at the interface between
two WSMs, each of which is carrying an arbitrary integer monopole charge. We
find a general relation between the monopole charges of the two WSMs and the IF
shift. In particular, the IF shift is proportional to the monopole charge if
both WSMs have the same one. Our results can be used to infer the topology of
the materials by experimentally measuring their IF shift. Furthermore, we
consider the possibility that the Weyl fermions are scattered to other Weyl
cones during the reflection, which results in qualitatively different behavior
of the IF shift. While we use a quantum mechanical approach to solve the
problem, semiclassical equations of motion and the conservation of total
angular momentum can help us intuitively interpret our results in special
cases.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, published versio
Pseudospin Hall effect of light in photonic crystals with Weyl points
The study of spin-orbit coupling of photons has attracted much attention in
recent years, and leads to many potential applications in optics. In the
recently discovered metamaterial -- photonic crystals with Weyl points, the
pseudospin-orbit coupling of photons bears a resemblance to the spin-orbit
coupling. We study the pseudospin Hall effect of light in such metamaterials
and find that during total reflection, the light beam experiences a transverse
shift that is proportional to the pseudospin (or the monopole charge) of the
Weyl point. As the spin Hall effect has inspired many works to explore the
applications in optics, exploring the coupling between the orbital and
pseudospin degrees of freedom of photons can also be fruitful in the field of
optics, as well as in other fields where Weyl points can be realized.Comment: 5 page
Surface term, Virasoro algebra, and Wald entropy of black holes in higher-curvature gravity
Recently, in the Einstein gravity, Majhi and Padmanabhan proposed a
straightforward and transparent way in obtaining the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy
by using the approach based on the Virasoro algebra and central charge. In this
work, we generalize their approach to the modified gravity with higher
curvature corrections and show that their approach can successfully lead to the
corresponding Wald entropy in the higher curvature gravity. Our result shows
that the approach is physically general.Comment: v1: 12 pages, no figures, REVTeX 4.0; v2: no changes, this manuscript
is accepted for publication in PRD; v3: English polished, match published
versio
Canonical Form and Separability of PPT States on Multiple Quantum Spaces
By using the "subtracting projectors" method in proving the separability of
PPT states on multiple quantum spaces, we derive a canonical form of PPT states
in {\Cb}^{K_1} \otimes {\Cb}^{K_2} \otimes ... \otimes {\Cb}^{K_m} \otimes
{\Cb}^N composite quantum systems with rank , from which a sufficient
separability condition for these states is presented.Comment: 5 page
Dark matter superfluid and DBI dark energy
It was shown recently that, without jeopardizing the success of the
cold dark matter model on cosmic scales, the modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND)
can be derived as an emergent phenomenon when axionlike dark matter particles
condense into superfluid on the galactic scales. We propose in this paper a
Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) scalar field conformally coupled to the matter
components. To maintain the success of MOND phenomenon of dark matter
superfluid on the galactic scales, the fifth force introduced by the DBI scalar
should be screened on the galactic scales. It turns out that the screening
effect naturally leads to a simple explanation for a longstanding puzzle that
the MOND critical acceleration coincides with present Hubble scale. This
galactic coincidence problem is solved, provided that the screened DBI scalar
also plays the role of dark energy on the cosmic scales.Comment: v1, 4 pages, no figure; v2, 8 pages, 4 figures, numerical
justifications added; v3, references added, final version to match the
published versio
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