19,048 research outputs found
Shear-Improved Smagorinsky Model for Large-Eddy Simulation of Wall-Bounded Turbulent Flows
A shear-improved Smagorinsky model is introduced based on recent results
concerning shear effects in wall-bounded turbulence by Toschi et al. (2000).
The Smagorinsky eddy-viscosity is modified subtracting the magnitude of the
mean shear from the magnitude of the instantaneous resolved strain-rate tensor.
This subgrid-scale model is tested in large-eddy simulations of plane-channel
flows at two different Reynolds numbers. First comparisons with the dynamic
Smagorinsky model and direct numerical simulations, including mean velocity,
turbulent kinetic energy and Reynolds stress profiles, are shown to be
extremely satisfactory. The proposed model, in addition of being physically
sound, has a low computational cost and possesses a high potentiality of
generalization to more complex non-homogeneous turbulent flows.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, added some reference
Bringing closure to microlensing mass measurement
Interferometers offer multiple methods for studying microlensing events and
determining the properties of the lenses. We investigate the study of
microlensing events with optical interferometers, focusing on narrow-angle
astrometry, visibility, and closure phase. After introducing the basics of
microlensing and interferometry, we derive expressions for the signals in each
of these three channels. For various forecasts of the instrumental performance,
we discuss which method provides the best means of measuring the lens angular
Einstein radius theta_E, a prerequisite for determining the lens mass. If the
upcoming generation of large-aperture, AO-corrected long baseline
interferometers (e.g. VLTI, Keck, OHANA) perform as well as expected, theta_E
may be determined with signal-to-noise greater than 10 for all bright events.
We estimate that roughly a dozen events per year will be sufficiciently bright
and have long enough durations to allow the measurement of the lens mass and
distance from the ground. We also consider the prospects for a VLTI survey of
all bright lensing events using a Fisher matrix analysis, and find that even
without individual masses, interesting constraints may be placed on the bulge
mass function, although large numbers of events would be required.Comment: 23 pages, aastex, submitted to Ap
Electron-doped phosphorene: A potential monolayer superconductor
We predict by first-principles calculations that the electron-doped
phosphorene is a potential BCS-like superconductor. The stretching modes at the
Brillouin-zone center are remarkably softened by the electron-doping, which
results in the strong electron-phonon coupling. The superconductivity can be
introduced by a doped electron density () above
cm, and may exist over the liquid helium temperature when cm. The maximum critical temperature is predicted to be
higher than 10 K. The superconductivity of phosphorene will significantly
broaden the applications of this novel material
An Experimental Research on the pCI Rule and Causal Judgment (in Chinese)
This research examined the precision of the pCI rule through three experiments. The results show that first , the tendency of the subjects’ casual judgments was basically similar to the pCI rule. But (a + d) / n predicted human’s casual judgments were even better; second, the increase of subjects’ casual judgments was milder than the pCI rule, and the subjects needed time to construct their own way of judging relationship; finally, different people had different ways of causal judgments, and could be grouped into some categories
An Experimental Research on Causal Illusion (in Chinese)
The research examined humans’ causal attribution of response-outcome under controllable and uncontrollable conditions respectively and attempted to find out whether providing appropriate external cues could be beneficial to them in making accurate judgments. The results indicate: 1) under controllable conditions, the delay of feedback might lead to causal illusion; 2) under uncontrollable conditions, the subjects developed superstition and illusion of control rather than helplessness; 3) providing appropriate external cues helped the subjects eliminate their former established causal illusion
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