Analysis and optimization of lightweight foundations for portable equipment

The research presented in this document was conducted to identify the optimum design and layout of small foundations known as landing pads. The ultimate goal of this research was to compare the stress performance of varying styles of pads and to determine the best design. It was also important to develop a foundation that was aesthetically pleasing. Experiments were performed in the shop of Astec, Incorporated and on the campus of the University of Tennessee, Knoxville to determine an ideal shape and examine its structural integrity. Development of these idealized shapes was initiated by performing basic structural analysis on popular shapes currently utilized in the industry. Basic structural analysis consisted of the following : Mathematical estimation of deflection for an isolated cross-section and span length Calculating bending stress with the use of shear and moment diagrams for isolated sections Mathematical estimation of shear stress for an isolated cross-section Determination of an optimum shape was done by performing laboratory experiments and utilizing stress analysis software. For laboratory experimentation, these shapes were re-created by constructing polyvinyl chloride (PVC) models. The models were built to scale and were tested under loading conditions simulating loads applied from portable equipment. The main purpose of these tests was to visually examine the effects and behavior of the pad under load and to determine maximum stresses through the use of strain gages. Displacement was measured in the laboratory with dial gages and compared to design criteria for deflection limits. Comparisons of behavior between PVC and steel were taken into account with the use of stress analysis software also. This was necessary to predict the behavior of the PVC models and provide validity for the software results. The selected shapes were created in a well known stress analysis software package known as STAAD/Pro©. The stress analysis modeler in STAAD/Pro© allowed the simulation of real world testing outside of the laboratory. The models were given properties for both A36 Carbon Steel and PVC. The models were analyzed by applying static loads, which represented both equipment weight and the overturning moment due to wind. Research revealed that the performance of the landing pads depended on subgrade conditions. The ultimate load for each landing pad increased as the stiffness of the subgrade increased. Of the three landing pads with only four stiffeners, the triangular stiffened landing pad performed the best. Ultimately, the STAAD/Pro© software provided results that were consistent with the basic structural analysis methods and the strain gage testing methods used in the laboratory. The laboratory research was not a very effective comparison to the values obtained in the computer aided stress analysis, however. Strain gage locations were determined initially with Ansys DesignSpace©. However, boundary conditions were initially incorrect, so strain gages were not pinpointed at the areas of highest stress. Deflection properties were proportional and relatively small in all pads, and the research and did not determine a clear-cut choice as to which pad should be used

Sit Back, Relax, And Tell Me All Your Secrets

The goal of this research is to describe an active learning opportunity that was conducted as a community service offering through our Center for Cybersecurity Education and Applied Research (CCEAR). As a secondary goal, the participants sought to gain real world experience by applying techniques and concepts studied in security classes. A local insurance company tasked the CCEAR with assembling a team of students to conduct penetration testing (including social engineering exploits) against company personnel. The endeavor allowed the insurance company to obtain information that would assess the effectiveness of employee training with regard to preventing the divulgence of sensitive information. The team of students assembled organized, planned and executed all penetration testing. This academic opportunity allowed the students to build experience transacting the social engineering while laying the groundwork for future projects that will allow additional students to build and expand the process outlined in this study

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A spatially resolved optical emission sensor for plasma etch monitoring

A spatially resolved optical emission spectroscopy sensor has been developed, and the resulting reconstructed radial emission profiles from an ArI and ArII line compare well with Ar sputter etch uniformity profiles. The new sensor collects light from a wedge shaped field of view, and is rotated around a single collection point in order to observe the entire plasma through a relatively small viewpoint. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/71036/2/APPLAB-71-11-1467-1.pd

Influence de l'hyperoxie sur la performance lors de sprints répétés sur ergocycle

La charge d’entraînement (training load, TL, en anglais) représente la quantification de l’effort ou du stress induit par un exercice et est influencée par plusieurs paramètres tels que la fréquence, la durée et l’intensité des stimulations. La compréhension de ceux-ci et la quantification de la charge d’entraînement lors des cycles de périodisation annuelle représentent les éléments clés dans l’optimisation de la performance sportive chez les athlètes. Il existe plusieurs moyens de rehausser la TL afin d’augmenter et/ou accélérer les adaptations physiologiques. L'hyperoxie, qui est un milieu dans lequel la concentration d’oxygène (O2) est plus élevée que l’air ambiant, permet d’accroître les capacités physiques en améliorant le transport et l'utilisation de l'O2. Les effets ergogéniques de l’hyperoxie ont été largement étudiés lors d'efforts de longue durée et sont bien connus. Toutefois, la capacité à répéter des sprints(repeated sprint ability, RSA, en anglais) qui est une qualité physique importante pour plusieurs sports de nature stop and go durant lesquels les athlètes alternent des efforts courts et de très haute intensité suivis de courtes périodes de repos (ex. basketball, tennis, soccer, football, rugby, badminton), n’a reçu que peu d’intérêt scientifique jusqu’ici. Dans la littérature, il n’y a aucune étude s’intéressant aux effets de l'hyperoxie sur la RSA. Le but de l’étude insérée dans ce mémoire était donc d’analyser l’influence aigue de l'hyperoxie sur la RSA et sur la charge d’entraînement associée à ce type de séances d’entraînement. Nos résultats démontrent que les participants ont réalisé un plus grand nombre de sprints en hyperoxie comparativement à la même séance en air ambiant, ce qui a aussi augmenté le travail total produit et la charge d’entraînement. Ce gain de performance était accompagné d’un meilleur maintien de la saturation artérielle en O2, une meilleure réoxygénation lors des périodes de repos et une plus grande activation neuromusculaire. En conclusion, l'hyperoxie permet d’améliorer la performance et d’augmenter la TL lors d’un test de RSA sur ergocycle. Des facteurs périphériques et centraux expliqueraient ces gains de performance.The nature and the magnitude of a training effect are dictated by the frequency, duration and intensity of the exercise, the so-called training load (TL). Those parameters are modulated multiple times during a training cycle to manage fatigue accumulation and ensure progressive, specific physiological adaptations. Enhancement in athletic performance is well known to be attributable to the controlled fluctuation of the TL through out the year. Repeated sprint ability (RSA) is critical determinant of performance in team sports and racket sports. The repetition of intense, short and maximal efforts combined with incomplete recovery leads to neuromuscular fatigue and performance detriment. Hyperoxia (i.e., an environment with more oxygen than normal sea-level) has been mainly used in scientific studies to create changes in oxygen availability during an effort or during rest periods. Ergogenic effects of hyperoxia on long aerobic efforts are well studied and known in the scientific literature. Moreover, hyperoxia is a training technique used by a few athletes and professional sport teams, mainly in American football where players breath hyperoxic gaz on the sideline between plays.. However, to our best knowledge, no study has assessed the influence of hyperoxia on RSA and the associated TL. The current results demonstrate that participants performed more sprints on average for the same level of peak mechanical power decrement in hyperoxia compared to normoxia. Total mechanical work and TL were also increased with oxygen supplementation. Physiological adaptations underlying this performance gain included a better maintenance of arterial oxygen saturation, greater re-oxygenation during recovery periods and a better maintenance of initial recruitment of motor units. We concluded that hyperoxia can improve performancein a RSA cycling test while increasing the associated TL. Both peripheral and central mechanisms appear to underly these adaptations

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“A Bridge over Troubled Water”: The Value One Team of Multi-Specialty Skilled Nurses Bring Community Hospitals in Oregon

https://digitalcommons.psjhealth.org/summit_all/1000/thumbnail.jp

Climate Action In Megacities 3.0

"Climate Action in Megacities 3.0" (CAM 3.0) presents major new insights into the current status, latest trends and future potential for climate action at the city level. Documenting the volume of action being taken by cities, CAM 3.0 marks a new chapter in the C40-Arup research partnership, supported by the City Leadership Initiative at University College London. It provides compelling evidence about cities' commitment to tackling climate change and their critical role in the fight to achieve global emissions reductions