The equivalence of four extensions of context-free grammars

There is currently considerable interest among computational linguists in grammatical formalisms with highly restricted generative power. This paper concerns the relationship between the class of string languages generated by several such formalisms, namely, combinatory categorial grammars, head grammars, linear indexed grammars, and tree adjoining grammars. Each of these formalisms is known to generate a larger class of languages than context-free grammars. The four formalisms under consideration were developed independently and appear superficially to be quite different from one another. The result presented in this paper is that all four of the formalisms under consideration generate exactly the same class of string languages

Caring for the collective: biopower and agential subjectification in wildlife conservation

types: ArticleCopyright © 2014 PionPost Print. Srinivasan, K. 2014. The definitive, peer-reviewed and edited version of this article is published in Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, Vol. 32, Issue 3, pp. 501 – 517 DOI:10.1068/d13101pThis paper explores turtle conservation in Odisha, India, to map the complicated ways in which animal well-being is pursued in the contemporary world. Using insights from Foucault’s work on biopolitics, it offers an account of conservation as population politics, questioning the entanglement of harm and care that infuses this space of more-than-human social change. In doing this, the paper elaborates the concept of agential subjectification in order to track the mechanisms that underlie the asymmetric circulation of biopower in human–animal interactions and to develop Foucauldian scholarship for the examination of present-day manifestations of the ‘will to improve’.RGS‑IBGCulture and Animals Foundatio

The Neutrino Magnetic Moment Induced by Leptoquarks

Allowing leptoquarks to interact with both right-handed and left-handed neutrinos (i.e., ``non-chiral'' leptoquarks), we show that a non-zero neutrino magnetic moment can arise naturally. Although the mass of the non-chiral vector leptoquark that couples to the first generation fermions is constrained severely by universality of the $\pi^+$ leptonic decays and is found to be greater than 50 TeV, the masses of the second and third generation non-chiral vector leptoquarks may evade such constraint and may in general be in the range of $1\sim 100$ TeV. With reasonable input mass and coupling values, we find that the neutrino magnetic moment due to the second generation leptoquarks is of the order of $10^{-12}\sim 10^{-16} \mu_{\rm B}$ while that caused by the third generation leptoquarks, being enhanced significantly by the large top quark mass, is in the range of $10^{-10}\sim 10^{-14} \mu_{\rm B}$.Comment: 11 pages, 3 eps figures, uses revte

Changes in cephalometric "A" point with maxillary protraction

published_or_final_versio

Characterizing cognitive deficits and dementia in an aging urban population in India.

Rapid rise in the population of older adults in India will lead to the need for increased health care services related to diagnosis, management, and long-term care for those with dementia and cognitive impairment. A direct approach for service provision through memory clinics can be an effective, successful, and sustaining means of delivering specialized health care services. We have established a memory clinic in Mumbai, India by employing the diverse clinical skills available in Indian academic institutions, diagnostic and research expertise of clinicians and psychologists, and the support of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. Our project involved recruitment of patients, clinical and neuropsychological assessment, and standardized diagnostic procedures, demonstrating the feasibility of using research methods to develop a memory clinic. In this paper, we describe the development of a community-based memory clinic in urban India, including linguistic and cultural factors and present detailed results, including diagnostic characterization, on 194 subjects with various stages of cognitive deficits. Our findings support the feasibility of developing a memory clinic in a public hospital and successful use of research diagnostic criteria to categorize cognitive deficits observed in this population, which may be used to inform the development of other such clinics

Naturally Light Leptoquarks

Light first generation leptoquarks are being hunted for in HERA and at FNAL and there are various proposals for further searches in future machines. Such leptoquarks are however problematic from a theoretical point of view: Low energy precision measurements imply strong constraints on the couplings of the leptoquarks, and up till now the fulfilment of these constraints seemed extremely unnatural. Here we show that horizontal symmetries, which are very conventional and widely used in the literature for completely different purposes, can suppress the unwanted couplings. Therefore light first generation leptoquarks can be natural.Comment: 12 pages LaTeX. WIS-94/27/Jul-P

The Three Families from SU(4)A⊗SU(3)C⊗SU(2)L⊗U(1)XSU(4)_A\otimes SU(3)_C\otimes SU(2)_L\otimes U(1)_X SM-like Chiral Models

We give a detailed description of the model construction procedures about our new approach to the family structure of the standard model. SM-like chiral fermion spectra, largely "derivable" from the gauge anomaly constraints, are formulated in a $SU(N)\otimes SU(3)\otimes SU(2)\otimes U(1)$ symmetry framework as an extension of the SM symmetry. The $N=4$ case gives naturally three families as a result, with $U(1)_Y$ nontrivially embedded into the $SU(4)_A\otimes U(1)_X$. Such a spectrum has extra vector-like quarks and leptons. We illustrate how an acceptable symmetry breaking pattern can be obtained through a relatively simple scalar sector which gives naturally hierarchical quark mass matrices. Compatibility with various FCNC constraints and some interesting aspects of the possible phenomenological features are discussed, from a non-model specific perspective. The question of incorporating supersymmetry without putting in the Higgses as extra supermultiplet is also addressed.Comment: 43 pages RevTex, including 9 tables and 3 figure

Socio-economic status of farmers rearing Bachaur cattle in its habitat under middle Gangetic plains

Bachaur cattle, the only recognized cattle breed of Bihar, was studied for its role in uplifting the farmers in their breeding tract by visiting 53 villages in 5 blocks of Sitamarhi district in Bihar. The different practices of farming systems involving Bachaur cattle, socio-economic status of farmers and economics of rearing of Bachaur cattle were studied through standard questionnaire. The regression of different independent variables on the total income was calculated. The study revealed that 29.7 % of farmers possessing Bachaur cattle were practicing agriculture apart from rearing cattle. Literacy rate of Bachaur cattle owners ranged from 21.39 to 57.14% for different types of farmers. Marginal, small, semi-medium and medium farmers earned 91.40, 89.90, 86.31 and 87.22%, respectively, of their income from draught power of Bachaur cattle. Rearing of Bachaur bullocks supported the income of marginal, small and semi-medium farmers to the tune of 50.12, 48.31 and 42.66%, respectively. Regression of independent variables on income from Bachaur bullocks indicated that expenses incurred on maintenance of health and feeding of bullocks influenced the total income of farmers to a greater extent followed by money invested in purchasing Bachaur bullocks