Daily return distribution forecast incorporating intraday high frequency information in China’s stock market

The stock market forecast is an important and challenging issue. Its distribution forecast of returns can provide information that is more complete, compared to point forecast and interval forecast. As intraday high-frequency information is available, we incorporate intraday returns into the predictive modelling of daily return distribution in two ways: realized volatility and scale calibration. Three parametric models, EGARCH, EGARCH-X, and realGARCH, and two nonparametric models, NP and realNP, are used. Our improved NP model, the realNP model, is based on intraday returns calibration. The results show that intraday information improves goodness-of-fit and forecasting effect, and the realGARCH model is relatively the best. According to the realNP model results, the intraday returns can only contribute about a 30% description of the daily distribution and less than 1% information for a one-step-ahead distribution forecast. Furthermore, three combinations are considered, and the log-score and CRPS combinations are found to have direction predictability and excess profitability statistically. The non-short-selling situation consistently has more excess profits than the short-selling situation, which implies that the non-short-selling rule protects investors. This study reveals the importance of incorporating intraday information and model combinations for stock market forecast modelling

Analysis of Genomic Alternative Splicing Patterns in Rat under Heat Stress Based on RNA-Seq Data

Heat stress is one of the most severe challenges faced in livestock production in summer. Alternative splicing as an important post-transcriptional regulation is rarely studied in heat-stressed animals. Here, we performed and analyzed RNA-sequencing assays on the liver of Sprague-Dawley rats in control (22 °C, n = 5) and heat stress (4 °C for 120 min, H120; n = 5) groups, resulting in the identification of 636 differentially expressed genes. Identification analysis of the alternative splicing events revealed that heat stress-induced alternative splicing events increased by 20.18%. Compared with other types of alternative splicing events, the alternative start increased the most (43.40%) after heat stress. Twenty-eight genes were differentially alternatively spliced (DAS) between the control and H120 groups, among which Acly, Hnrnpd and mir3064 were also differentially expressed. For DAS genes, Srebf1, Shc1, Srsf5 and Ensa were associated with insulin, while Cast, Srebf1, Tmem33, Tor1aip2, Slc39a7 and Sqstm1 were enriched in the composition of the endoplasmic reticulum. In summary, our study conducts a comprehensive profile of alternative splicing in heat-stressed rats, indicating that alternative splicing is one of the molecular mechanisms of heat stress response in mammals and providing reference data for research on heat tolerance in mammalian livestock

Effect of drying methods on the texture properties and active ingredients in Longan flesh

In order to determine the best drying method of longan flesh, the effects of different drying method (microwave drying, blast drying,vacuum freeze-drying) on the texture characteristics and active ingredients were compared. The results show that different drying methods will increase the hardness, cohesion and chewiness of longan flesh, and decrease the viscosity and elasticity to varying degrees. For active substances, the content of flavonoids and polyphenols is the largest under vacuum freeze-drying, followed by microwave drying and blast drying, but the loss of vitamin C is the opposite. On the whole, vacuum freeze-drying does not cause shrinkage of the flesh, and maintains good hardness, cohesion, chewiness and active ingredients. Comprehensive texture characteristics and changes in active ingredients, vacuum freeze drying is more suitable for drying and processing longan flesh

Light-responsive and ultrapermeable two-dimensional metal-organic framework membrane for efficient ionic energy harvesting

Abstract Nanofluidic membranes offer exceptional promise for osmotic energy conversion, but the challenge of balancing ionic selectivity and permeability persists. Here, we present a bionic nanofluidic system based on two-dimensional (2D) copper tetra-(4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin framework (Cu-TCPP). The inherent nanoporous structure and horizontal interlayer channels endow the Cu-TCPP membrane with ultrahigh ion permeability and allow for a power density of 16.64 W m−2, surpassing state of-the-art nanochannel membranes. Moreover, leveraging the photo-thermal property of Cu-TCPP, light-controlled ion active transport is realized even under natural sunlight. By combining solar energy with salinity gradient, the driving force for ion transport is reinforced, leading to further improvements in energy conversion performance. Notably, light could even eliminate the need for salinity gradient, achieving a power density of 0.82 W m−2 in a symmetric solution system. Our work introduces a new perspective on developing advanced membranes for solar/ionic energy conversion and extends the concept of salinity energy to a notion of ionic energy