Study on the Influencing Factors of College Students\u27 Physical Health

The purpose of this paper was to analyze the changes of college students\u27 physical health and the relevant influencing factors, and provide the basis for the school to formulate reasonable measures to improve students\u27 physical health. A total of 13052 undergraduate students (including 6852 male and 6173 female) from the city of Zhengzhou in Henan province were recruited for the purpose of the study. Mathematical statistics, literature review, questionnaire investigation, and logic analysis were adopted. In terms of body shape, BMI index of both male and female undergraduates increased, and the T test of BMI index showed significant difference (P \u3c 0.01). In terms of physical fitness, the lung capacity (M=4028.81 \u3e 3985.10, T =3.625, P \u3c 0.01) and the standing long jump (M=226.05 \u3e 217.80, T =22.054, P \u3c 0.01) were significantly decreased. The test scores of 50 meters, pull-up, standing long jump, 1000 meters and sitting forward bending were improved to different degrees. Girls showed significant improvement in all indexes except 50m (M=9.386 \u3e 8.071, T =63.067, P=0.832 \u3e 0.01). Only 7.51% of students pay much attention to their physical quality. The importance of physical quality is directly proportional to the frequency of exercise. 67.72% of students exercise for less than 30 minutes. The phenomenon of staying up late and being addicted to the Internet is very common. 1.64% of students never stay up late and 45.63% stay up late for online entertainment. Students and departments pay insufficient attention to physical health testing. Only 6.1% of the students read the test rules carefully before taking the test, and only 10.09% of the students said their department would urge students to learn the rules. It is likely that the subjective factors such as attitude, exercise habit, exercise frequency and daily work and rest jointly determine the physical fitness level of college students. The intensity of physical education courses, the ratio of sports facilities, the attitude of each department to physical testing and the rationality of physical health testing affect the development of students\u27 physical health level. We suggest putting forward from the aspects of innovating campus sports culture atmosphere, help students establish correct health cognition and exercise habits, enhance the educational function of campus sports classes and facilities, and perfect the management system of physical health test in colleges and universities

SuperpixelGraph: Semi-automatic generation of building footprint through semantic-sensitive superpixel and neural graph networks

Most urban applications necessitate building footprints in the form of concise vector graphics with sharp boundaries rather than pixel-wise raster images. This need contrasts with the majority of existing methods, which typically generate over-smoothed footprint polygons. Editing these automatically produced polygons can be inefficient, if not more time-consuming than manual digitization. This paper introduces a semi-automatic approach for building footprint extraction through semantically-sensitive superpixels and neural graph networks. Drawing inspiration from object-based classification techniques, we first learn to generate superpixels that are not only boundary-preserving but also semantically-sensitive. The superpixels respond exclusively to building boundaries rather than other natural objects, while simultaneously producing semantic segmentation of the buildings. These intermediate superpixel representations can be naturally considered as nodes within a graph. Consequently, graph neural networks are employed to model the global interactions among all superpixels and enhance the representativeness of node features for building segmentation. Classical approaches are utilized to extract and regularize boundaries for the vectorized building footprints. Utilizing minimal clicks and straightforward strokes, we efficiently accomplish accurate segmentation outcomes, eliminating the necessity for editing polygon vertices. Our proposed approach demonstrates superior precision and efficacy, as validated by experimental assessments on various public benchmark datasets. A significant improvement of 8% in AP50 was observed in vector graphics evaluation, surpassing established techniques. Additionally, we have devised an optimized and sophisticated pipeline for interactive editing, poised to further augment the overall quality of the results

On modelling of laser assisted machining: forward and inverse problems for heat placement control

Laser assisted machining (LAM) is one of the most efficient ways to improve the machinability of difficult-to-cut materials (e.g. Nickel-based superalloys). In the conventional LAM process, the laser beam is focused ahead of the cutting area at a fixed location, which leads to a series of restrictions, e.g. small heating area and non-uniform heat distribution due to the limitation of beam size and energy distribution. In this paper, a novel spatially and temporally (S&T) controlled laser heating method was proposed, in which a large area can be heated up with a small laser spot by controlling the beam scanning, i.e., laser power, path and speed of scanning. The laser configuration for the prescribed HAZ (heat affected zone) was achieved by solving the inverse heat conduction problem where the laser power together with either laser path or laser speed were optimised to achieve a particular temperature distribution in the chip to be removed by the following milling cutter. The proposed S&T laser heating method was thoroughly validated both for the direct and, the more important, inverse heating models by performing extensive temperature experiments by both infrared thermal camera and thermocouple array and further verified by laser assisted milling (LAMill) tests of Inconel 718 for large widths of cuts. The results showed that by applying path-optimised LAMill based on the inverse solution of the thermal problem, the peak and mean principal cutting forces were reduced by 55% and 47.8% respectively compared with the conventional dry milling process while the surface roughness improved by at least 14%. Moreover, after controlling the HAZ using the inverse thermal problem, a microstructure analysis of the machined surface showed that the proposed laser heating method avoids overheating of the workpiece below the planned depth of cut for the milling operation

TPD52L2 as a potential prognostic and immunotherapy biomarker in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

BackgroundTumor Protein D52-Like 2 (TPD52L2) is a tumor-associated protein that participates in B-cell differentiation. However, the role of TPD52L2 in the pathological process of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is unclear.MethodsMultiple omics data of ccRCC samples were obtained from public databases, and 5 pairs of ccRCC tissue samples were collected from the operating room. Wilcox, chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier method, receiver operating characteristic curve, regression analysis, meta-analysis, and correlation analysis were used to clarify the relationship of TPD52L2 with clinical features, prognosis, and immune microenvironment. Functional enrichment analysis was performed to reveal the potential pathways in which TPD52L2 participates in the progression of ccRCC. The siRNA technique was used to knockdown in the expression level of TPD52L2 in 786-O cells to verify its effect on ccRCC progression.ResultsFirst, TPD52L2 was found to be upregulated in ccRCC at both mRNA and protein levels. Second, TPD52L2 was significantly associated with poor prognosis and served as an independent prognostic factor. Moreover, TPD52L2 expression was regulated by DNA methylation, and some methylation sites were associated with ccRCC prognosis. Third, TPD52L2 overexpression may participate in the pathological process through various signaling pathways such as cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, PI3K-Akt, IL-17, Wnt, Hippo signaling pathway, and ECM-receptor interactions. Interestingly, TPD52L2 expression level was also closely related to the abundance of various immune cells, immune checkpoint expression, and TMB. Finally, in vitro experiments confirmed that knocking down TPD52L2 can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of ccRCC cells.ConclusionThis study for the first time revealed the upregulation of TPD52L2 expression in ccRCC, which is closely associated with poor prognosis of patients and is a potentially valuable therapeutic and efficacy assessment target for immunotherapy

High Dose Vitamin E Attenuates Diabetic Nephropathy via Alleviation of Autophagic Stress

It has been reported that autophagic stress, which is involved in many diseases, plays a key role in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). In this study, we investigated the effects of high dose vitamin E on renal tubular epithelial cells and autophagic stress-related mechanisms in diabetes condition. In diabetic rats, high dose vitamin E treatment significantly decreased the serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, urinary albumin and urinary protein, reduced the levels of LCN2, HAVCR1, LDH and 8-OHdG in urine, and attenuated the cellular apoptosis and interstitial fibrosis in renal cortex. In vitro, vitamin E could reduce the release of LCN2 and HAVCR1 and the protein levels of caspase 3 and TGF-β1, as well as improve the growth inhibition in cultured HK-2 cells after exposure to advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Also, LC3-II and SQSTM1-positive dots were significantly increased in the renal tubular epithelial cells of DN patients and diabetic rats, and in HK-2 cells after exposure to AGEs, which were markedly declined by vitamin E. In addition, we found that the autophagosome formation was not affected by AGEs, as assessed by the mRNA levels of LC3B, Beclin-1, and ATG7. However, AGEs blocked the lysosomal degradation of autophagosome, which was characterized by a decrease in the enzymatic activity of cathepsin B/cathepsin L and DQ-ovalbumin degradation in HK-2 cells, indicating that AGEs-induced accumulation of autophagic vacuoles was a sign of autophagic stress. Interestingly, vitamin E exerted a protective effect on lysosomes to reduce the autophagic stress. Taken together, we conclude that autophagic stress may play an important part in the progression of DN, and alleviation of autophagic stress though improvement of lysosomal function provides a promising novel approach for treating DN

A Novel Reassortant Avian H7N6 Influenza Virus Is Transmissible in Guinea Pigs via Respiratory Droplets

Since 2013, H7N9 and H5N6 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have caused sporadic human infections and deaths and continued to circulate in the poultry industry. Since 2014, H7N6 viruses which might be reassortants of H7N9 and H5N6 viruses, have been isolated in China. However, the biological properties of H7N6 viruses are unknown. Here, we characterize the receptor binding preference, pathogenicity and transmissibility of a H7N6 virus A/chicken/Hubei/00095/2017(H7N6) (abbreviated HB95), and a closely related H7N9 virus, A/chicken/Hubei/00093/2017(H7N9) (abbreviated HB93), which were isolated from poultry in Hubei Province, China, in 2017. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of HB95 is closely related to those of HB93 and human-origin H7N9 viruses, and that the neuraminidase (NA) gene of HB95 shared the highest nucleotide similarity with those of H5N6 viruses. HB95 and HB93 had binding affinity for human-like α2, 6-linked sialic acid receptors and were virulent in mice without prior adaptation. In addition, in guinea pig model, HB93 was transmissible by direct contact, but HB95 was transmissible via respiratory droplets. These results revealed the potential threat to public health posed by H7N6 influenza viruses and emphasized the need for continued surveillance of the circulation of this subtype in poultry

Upper ocean biogeochemistry of the oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre : from nutrient sources to carbon export

Subtropical gyres cover 26–29% of the world’s surface ocean and are conventionally regarded as ocean deserts due to their permanent stratification, depleted surface nutrients, and low biological productivity. Despite tremendous advances over the past three decades, particularly through the Hawaii Ocean Time-series and the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study, which have revolutionized our understanding of the biogeochemistry in oligotrophic marine ecosystems, the gyres remain understudied. We review current understanding of upper ocean biogeochemistry in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, considering other subtropical gyres for comparison. We focus our synthesis on spatial variability, which shows larger than expected dynamic ranges of properties such as nutrient concentrations, rates of N2 fixation, and biological production. This review provides new insights into how nutrient sources drive community structure and export in upper subtropical gyres. We examine the euphotic zone in subtropical gyres as a two-layered vertically structured system: a nutrient-depleted layer above the top of the nutricline in the well-lit upper ocean and a nutrient-replete layer below in the dimly lit waters. These layers vary in nutrient supply and stoichiometries and physical forcing, promoting differences in community structure and food webs, with direct impacts on the magnitude and composition of export production. We evaluate long-term variations in key biogeochemical parameters in both of these euphotic zone layers. Finally, we identify major knowledge gaps and research challenges in these vast and unique systems that offer opportunities for future studies

The Influence of Viewing Photos of Different Types of Rural Landscapes on Stress in Beijing

The environment can affect people’s health by relieving stress, and rural landscape as a special environment might influence human’s stress relief. This study takes different types of rural landscapes as the research object to explore their impact on stress levels, which are shown by photos. As an independent variable, the rural landscape is divided into three levels: Type 1 (natural landscape), type 2 (productive landscape), and type 3 (artificial landscape). Seventy-three subjects were randomly assigned to each type of rural landscape. Salivary cortisol, blood pressure, heart rate, and a subjective rating state scale (brief profile of mood states, BPOMS) were used as indicators of stress. At the same time, the influence of preference and familiarity on the stress relieving effect was also discussed. A paired t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used as the main statistical methods. In the results of t-test for pre-posttest, significant difference was observed in high blood pressure, heart rate, and total mood disturbance (TMD) of type 1 and type 2, and the high and low blood pressure of type 3; ANOVA analysis revealed that for the difference of pre-posttest, significant difference was observed in the TMD value among the three types; except for type 3, blood pressure, heart rate, and BPOMS values were significantly affected by preference and familiarity. The conclusions include the following: The three types of rural landscapes have a positive effect on relieving stress; the productive landscape has the best effect on relieving stress; and users’ landscape preferences and familiarity with the environment can affect the effect of stress relief in rural landscapes

A Strain-Transfer Model of Surface-Bonded Sapphire-Derived Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors

An improved strain-transfer model was developed for surface-bonded sapphire-derived fiber Bragg grating sensors. In the model, the core and cladding of the fiber are separated into individual layers, unlike in conventional treatment that regards the fiber as a unitive structure. The separation is because large shear deformation occurs in the cladding when the core of the sapphire-derived fiber is heavily doped with alumina, a material with a high Young’s modulus. Thus, the model was established to have four layers, namely, a core, a cladding, an adhesive, and a host material. A three-layer model could also be obtained from the regressed four-layer model when the core’s radius increased to that of the cladding, which treated the fiber as if it were still homogeneous material. The accuracy of both the four- and three-layer models was verified using a finite-element model and a tensile-strain experiment. Experiment results indicated that a larger core diameter and a higher alumina content resulted in a lower average strain-transfer rate. Error percentages were less than 1.8% when the four- and three-layer models were used to predict the transfer rates of sensors with high and low alumina content, respectively