Photodynamic Therapy as Alternative Method of Treatment of Metastatic Ovarian Cancer with Many Recurrence: Case Report

© 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive therapeutic modality used for the treatment of a variety of cancers and benign diseases. The destruction of unwanted cells and tissues in PDT is achieved by the use of visible or near-infrared radiation to activate a light-absorbing compound (a photosensitizer), which, in the presence of molecular oxygen, leads to the production of singlet oxygen and other reactive oxygen species. Thus, the purpose of the report is to describe the clinical case of the effective use of intraoperative PDT as a method of treatment of a patient with metastatic cancer. Patient A, 59 years old, had ovarian cancer T3N1M0 stage III with peritoneal carcinomatosis. After intraoperative PDT (1.5 year) treatment, the progression of the process was not revealed by PET/CT. The results show that photodynamic therapy is one of the high efficiency methods of palliative treatment and it can be used for metastatic cancer. This technology should be included as a technique to the guidelines for the treatment of malignant tumors

SOFT TISSUE SARCOMA: A MODERN VIEW TO THE PROBLEM

The review discusses the distribution and treatment of soft tissue sarcoma. Thus, about 10,000 new patients are registered in the Russian Federation every year; the incidence is 30 cases per 1 million populations. The age range of soft tissue sarcoma is on average 56-65 years with a peak in the age of 80-90 years. Fundamental aspects of the issue are illuminated. Thus, there are more than 100 histological types of soft tissue sarcoma; the most common include undifferentiated sarcomas, liposarcomas, leiosarcomas, synovial sarcomas and malignant tumor of peripheral nerve membranes. Considered issues of diagnostic criteria. According to the recommendations of the WHO to improve the accuracy of diagnosis in soft tissue sarcoma, the traditional histopathological examination should be supplemented with immunohistochemical and molecular methods. Studied modern approaches to the treatment of malignancies. One such approach is «Oncology Control», which means minimizing the risk of recurrence at the local and systemic level

Heart failure in oncological patients

© 2020, Advanced Scientific Research. All rights reserved. The purpose of the study is to conduct a systematic analysis of data from various literature sources on the role of heart failure in the development of cancer, as well as to consider the problems of diagnosis and treatment of heart failure in patients with cancer. Materials and methods. A review of the literature in the Cochrane Library, Elibrary, and PubMed systems over the past 8 years, which examines common risk factors and mechanisms of heart failure (HF) and malignant neoplasms (MN) has been conducted. RESULTS: Analysis of literature data shows that cardiovascular diseases and cancer have common risk factors. Several common pathophysiological mechanisms have been identified that link heart failure (HF) to the cancer process. These include inflammation, oxidative stress, and neurohormonal activation. HF is currently known as a frequent complication of aggressive cardiotoxic antitumor therapy, which can worsen the course of existing HF or cause its development. Recent epidemiological and experimental analyses show that the development of cancer is more common among patients with pre-existing HF. Although the cause of this relationship has not yet been identified, it is assumed that heart failure may be a Pro-oncogenic condition. Conclusion. Until now, the main focus of cardioncology has been prevention and treatment of cardiotoxic effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. In this context, elucidating the underlying mechanisms plays an important role in developing strategies to prevent chemotherapy-related cardiomyopathy. However, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that there is more and more evidence that patients with heart failure have a high risk of developing cancer pathology, thereby requiring more attention. In General, understanding the direct and indirect mechanisms of the relationship between HF and MN can help in the prevention and early diagnosis of these diseases

Acute coronary syndrome during chemotherapy

© 2020 EManuscript Technologies. All rights reserved. The use of modern chemotherapeutic drugs in the treatment of cancer is asso-ciated with various side effects. Cardiovascular complications include various heart rhythm disorders, heart failure, arterial and venous thrombosis of vari-ous localizations. This review article describes the pathophysiological features of various groups of chemotherapeutic drugs that are actively used in everyday practice, which lead to the occurrence of acute coronary syndrome. It also de-scribes the features of percutaneous coronary interventions in patients under-going chemotherapy