Network Intrusion Detection Using Multiclass Support Vector Machine

Intrusion detection is a topic of interest in current scenario. Statistical IDS overcomes many pitfalls present in signature based IDS. Statistical IDS uses models such as NB, C4.5 etc for classification to detect Intrusions. Multiclass Support Vector Machine is able to perform multiclass classification. This paper shows the performance of MSVM (1-versus-1, 1-versusmany and Error Correcting Output Coding (ECOC)) and it’s variants for statistical NBIDS. This paper explores the performance of MSVM for various categories of attack

F(T) Models within Bianchi Type I Universe

In this paper, we consider spatially homogenous and anisotropic Bianchi type I universe in the context of F(T) gravity. We construct some corresponding models using conservation equation and equation of state parameter representing different phases of the universe. In particular, we take matter dominated era, radiation dominated era, present dark energy phase and their combinations. It is found that one of the models has a constant solution which may correspond to the cosmological constant. We also derive equation of state parameter by using two well-known F(T) models and discuss cosmic acceleration.Comment: 19 pages, accepted for publication in Mod. Phys. Lett.

Hepatoprotective Effect of Berberis Lycium in Αlpha-Naphthylisothiocyanate Induced Cholestatic Mouse Models

Cholestasis is characterized by the obstruction of bile flow from hepatocytes to the intestine. It results in accumulation of bile acids in the liver, which cause oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Till now, the treatment options against cholestasis are limited. Therefore, there is an utmost requirement to develop and evaluate the drugs with potential anti-cholestatic effects. In the current study, the drug-induced cholestasis mouse models were generated via oral administration of α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT). The mice were placed into three groups of six animals each. Group I was the control group and was given saline. The cholestasis model Group II was given saline for 19 days. On 19th day (48 hours before sacrifice) they received a single dose of ANIT (75 mg/kg). Group III served as the plant extract treatment group and received root extract for 19 days. On nineteenth day (48 hours before sacrifice) they received a single dose of ANIT (75 mg/kg). On 21st day, mice were sacrificed for analysis of serum biochemistry and liver histology. The results revealed that Berberis lycium extract has hepatoprotective properties, as serum level of AST (aspartate aminotransferase) and ALT (alanine transaminase) are significantly lower in the plant treatment group compared to the cholestasis model group. Furthermore, liver histology validated the serological results since the hepatocyte architecture in the plant treatment group was similar to that of control group. In conclusion, the data exhibit that B. lycium possess protective activities against ANIT induced cholestasis

K-essence Models and Cosmic Acceleration in Generalized Teleparallel Gravity

The generalized teleparallel gravity has been suggested to explain the present cosmic acceleration of the universe. In this paper, we take spatially homogenous and anisotropic Bianchi type $I$ universe in the framework of $F(T)$ gravity. The behavior of accelerating universe is investigated for three purely kinetic k-essence models. We explore equation of state parameter and deceleration parameter for these k-essence models. It is found that all these models exhibit quintessence behavior of the universe.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figure

ECOTERRA Journal of Environmental Research and Protection Comparative assessment of different heavy metals in urban soil and vegetables irrigated with sewage/industrial waste water

Abstract. This study was conducted to investigate heavy metals content of sewage water and its impact on soil and their uptake by vegetables irrigated by the sewage/industrial effluent. Twenty five samples each of water, soil, and vegetable leaves and edible vegetable portions were collected from different sites, in Lahore city of Pakistan. Parameters like pH, and electrical conductivity (EC) were also determined The results indicated that soil irrigated by sewage water having tolerable DTPA-extractable metals contents, The concentration of heavy metals in upper layer of soil (0 -15 cm) is higher than the lower layer (15-30 cm). The reason behind is that the upper layer was receiving sewage water permanently while the penetration of sewage water below 15 cm was less. The heavy metal content was above the toxicity level in leafy vegetables grown in the area of Lahore. This study showed that among the different tested plant species, the amount of heavy metals was higher in leaves than fruits. Plants whose fruits grow below the soil showed higher concentration of heavy metals while other showed less concentration whose edible portion was above the ground level. While leafy vegetables (Spinach, Cabbage, Coriander etc) showed higher concentration in leaves than in fruits, indicating that these vegetables should be consumed carefully if produced using the polluted water