OPTIMIZATION OF FORMULATION OF SOLID DISPERSION OF FUROSEMIDE BY FACTORIAL DESIGN

Objective: The present study aimed to improve the rate of dissolution of furosemide by solid dispersion technique. Methods: Solid dispersion of furosemide was prepared by using hydrogel isolated from the seeds of Lepidium sativum as a novel carrier by the solvent evaporation method. Solid dispersion was evaluated to study the improvement in the rate of dissolution. Molecular dispersion of furosemide in the novel carrier was studied by DSC and FTIR studies. Solid dispersion was filled in capsules after stability studies and the formulation was optimized by adopting factorial design. Results: Solid dispersion of furosemide exhibited dissolution improvement from 13.54 % (plain furosemide) to 69.12% (solid dispersion) in the first 60 min. Improvement in dissolution efficiency was found to be retained after stability studies. Capsules were filled with the formulation of solid dispersion using two different grades of lactose-α lactose monohydrate and anhydrous lactose and were found stable after stabilization studies. Conclusion: The dissolution improvement of furosemide was attributed to its molecular dispersion in the novel carrier selected for this study. The recrystallization of furosemide was prevented due to intermolecular interaction between the novel carrier and furosemide. This was confirmed by FTIR. Evaluation of the dissolution data of factorial batches was analyzed by ANOVA. Analysis of the data revealed that selected levels of α lactose monohydrate and anhydrous lactose would be useful to navigate design space

Behavior and properties of tin slag polyester polymer concrete confined with frp composites under compression

Polymer concrete (PC) has acquired niche in construction industry due to superior mechanical properties, recyclability and adoption of variety of aggregates. This workpresents compressive behavior and properties of one such novel PC i.e. tin slag/polyester polymer concrete. Comparable siliceous content of tin slag was considered promising to provide better mechanical strength as in natural aggregates. Cylindrical short column specimens were fabricated to be tested under quasi-isostatic loading rate of 1 mm/min. Three different aggregate sizes in gap-graded configuration were tested to assess influence on mechanical properties. In addition, specimens were confined with GFRP and CFRP to determine and compare mechanical behavior with Portland Cement Concrete (PCC). Coarsest size (4+2 mm) aggregate offered the highest strength of 37.71 MPa for unconfined sample. This performance of coarsest size persisted in confined condition with compressive strength increment of 69.68 MPa (84.7%) and 98.36 MPa (160.8%) for one and two layers GFRP; 86 MPa (128.05%) and 125.07 MPa (231.66)% for one and two-layer CFRP, respectively. It was concluded that both increment in aggregate size and number of layers improved the compressive strength

Traceability for Model Driven, Software Product Line Engineering

Traceability is an important challenge for software organizations. This is true for traditional software development and even more so in new approaches that introduce more variety of artefacts such as Model Driven development or Software Product Lines. In this paper we look at some aspect of the interaction of Traceability, Model Driven development and Software Product Line

Color Performance and Cost Effectiveness Evaluation of Acid and Basic Dyed Silk Fabric

Silk, the natural protein fiber has a great importance in textile clothing, apparel and home decoration due to its definite lustrous appearance, peach like softness and draping qualities. Fine fibrillar structure and orientation of fiber molecules control its dyeing nature covering almost the entire spectrum of colors and hues. Silk is mainly used for value added premium quality products, so this research work is carried out to find out the economical dyestuff for silk along with required end customer performance. Shade strength measurement using data color is also another technical aspect of this research

A pilot study using laser-based technique for non-invasive diagnostics of hypertensive conditions in mice

Endothelial dysfunction is directly linked to preeclampsia, a maternal hypertensive condition that is life threating for both the mother and the baby. Epidemiological studies show that women with a history of pre-eclampsia have an elevated risk for cardiovascular disease. Here we report a new non-invasive diagnostic test for preeclampsia in mice that allows us to non-invasively assess the condition of the animals during the experiment and treatment in established models of preeclampsia. A laser-based multifunctional diagnostics system (LAKK-M) was chosen to carry out non-invasive analysis of multiple parameters. The device was used to simultaneously record the microcirculatory blood flow and oxygen saturation, as well as fluorescence levels of endogenous fluorophores. Preliminary experiments were conducted on adenoviral (Ad-)- mediated overexpression of sFlt-1 (Ad-sFlt-1) to mimic preeclampsialike symptoms in mice. The recorded data displayed the ability of the LAKK-M diagnostics device to detect significant differences in perfusion measurements between the control and Ad-sFlt-1 treatment. Preliminary results provide a potential avenue to employ these diagnostics technology to monitor and aid in maintaining control of live animal conditions throughout the experiment and treatment

Clinical outcome and virological characteristics of hepatitis B-related acute liver failure in the United States

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72563/1/j.1365-2893.2005.00581.x.pd

Hypoxia induces dilated cardiomyopathy in the chick embryo: mechanism, intervention, and long-term consequences

Background: Intrauterine growth restriction is associated with an increased future risk for developing cardiovascular diseases. Hypoxia in utero is a common clinical cause of fetal growth restriction. We have previously shown that chronic hypoxia alters cardiovascular development in chick embryos. The aim of this study was to further characterize cardiac disease in hypoxic chick embryos. Methods: Chick embryos were exposed to hypoxia and cardiac structure was examined by histological methods one day prior to hatching (E20) and at adulthood. Cardiac function was assessed in vivo by echocardiography and ex vivo by contractility measurements in isolated heart muscle bundles and isolated cardiomyocytes. Chick embryos were exposed to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its scavenger soluble VEGF receptor-1 (sFlt-1) to investigate the potential role of this hypoxia-regulated cytokine. Principal Findings: Growth restricted hypoxic chick embryos showed cardiomyopathy as evidenced by left ventricular (LV) dilatation, reduced ventricular wall mass and increased apoptosis. Hypoxic hearts displayed pump dysfunction with decreased LV ejection fractions, accompanied by signs of diastolic dysfunction. Cardiomyopathy caused by hypoxia persisted into adulthood. Hypoxic embryonic hearts showed increases in VEGF expression. Systemic administration of rhVEGF165 to normoxic chick embryos resulted in LV dilatation and a dose-dependent loss of LV wall mass. Lowering VEGF levels in hypoxic embryonic chick hearts by systemic administration of sFlt-1 yielded an almost complete normalization of the phenotype. Conclusions/Significance: Our data show that hypoxia causes a decreased cardiac performance and cardiomyopathy in chick embryos, involving a significant VEGF-mediated component. This cardiomyopathy persists into adulthood

Five decades of the International Endodontic Journal: bibliometric overview 1967–2020

Aim The International Endodontic Journal (IEJ) has served as a platform for research and clinical practice in Endodontics since 1967. This study provides a bibliographic analysis and overview of the publications that have appeared in the IEJ from 1967 to 2020. Methodology A literature search was performed in Elsevier's Scopus database to locate all the publications of the International Endodontic Journal. Various bibliometric software packages including the open-source visualization software Gephi and Biblioshiny (version 2.0) were employed for data visualization and analysis. Results A total of 3739 records with citation and bibliographic details were selected and retrieved to allow a bibliometric analysis to be performed. The bibliometric analysis indicates that the IEJ has grown both in terms of productivity and influence. Over time, the journal has been associated with an increase in the number of manuscripts published and the citations they have attracted, but with minor downward fluctuations in citations in the last few years. Bibliographic coupling of the IEJ articles revealed that the major research themes published in the journal include ‘endodontics’, ‘root canal treatment’, ‘calcium hydroxide’, ‘apical periodontitis’, ‘mineral trioxide aggregate’, ‘microbiology’, ‘cyclic fatigue’, ‘cone-beam computed tomography’ and ‘micro-computed tomography’. Authors affiliated to institutions in the UK were the major contributors to the journal and were linked with other countries such as Brazil, USA and Malaysia. The largest number of publications were from the University of São Paulo, Brazil. Conclusion The IEJ is one of the leading journals in Endodontology and has been providing a platform for innovative research and clinical reports for more than 50 years. Publications have been associated with a wide range of authors, institutions and countries around the world