On The Weighted BurrXII Distribution: Theory and Practice

We take an in-depth look at the weighted Burr-XII distribution. This distribu-tion generalizes Burr-XII, Lomax, and log-logistic distributions. We discuss the dis-tributional characteristics of the probability density function, the failure rate function,and mean residual lifetime of this distribution. Moreover, we obtain various statisti-cal properties of this distribution such as moment generating function, entropies, meandeviations, order statistics and stochastic ordering. The estimation of the distributionparameters via maximum likelihood method and the observed Fisher information ma-trix are discussed. We further employ a simulation study to investigate the behavior ofthe maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs). A test concerning the existence of size-biasin the sample is provided. In the end, a real data is presented and is analyzed usingthis distribution along with some existing distributions for illustrative purposes

Endoscopic Management of Polyps Arising From Diverticula

Colon polyps arising from diverticula are rare with only a few cases reported to date.1 Most colon diverticula are considered “false diverticula” and are composed mainly of mucosa and submucosa that protrude through the muscularis externa layer and are covered by the serosa. Because of this, endoscopic resection of such polyps carries a high risk of perforation and management has traditionally been with surgical intervention, which increases the risk of complications. In this series, we present 2 cases of successful excision of an adenomatous polyp located within the lumen of a diverticulum using endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR)

Estimation Methods of Alpha Power Exponential Distribution with Applications to Engineering and Medical Data

This paper addresses the estimation of the unknown parameters of the alphapower exponential distribution (Mahdavi and Kundu, 2017) using nine frequentist estimation methods. We discuss the nite sample properties of the parameterestimates of the alpha power exponential distribution via Monte Carlo simulations. The potentiality of the distribution is analyzed by means of two real datasets from the elds of engineering and medicine. Finally, we use the maximumlikelihood method to derive the estimates of the distribution parameters undercompeting risks data and analyze one real data set

Unintentional Injuries and Violence among Adults in Northern Jordan: A Hospital-Based Retrospective Study

Injuries (unintentional and intentional) are the main cause of death and disability worldwide, including Jordan. The main purpose of this hospital-based retrospective study was to identify characteristics, causes, and risk factors of unintentional injuries and violence among all adult patients who approached the Accidents and Emergency department because of injury in Northern Jordan. Data were collected retrospectively from four major hospitals from January 2008 to January 2013. A total of 2425 Jordanian individuals who accessed and were treated by the four hospitals were included in this study. The findings show that the majority of patients who approached the Accidents and Emergency departments in the four hospitals were males (n = 2044, 87.16%) versus females (n = 301, 12.8%). Violence was the most common reason of injury (70.66%), followed by road traffic crashes (23.21%). The most common anatomical locations of reported injuries were the head (38.74%), followed by abdomen/pelvis and lower back, among males and females (9.93%). Violence had a high significant effect on the site of injuries. Patients who had been injured to the head because of a stab wound or fighting were substantially over-involved in head injuries, with injury rates 3.88 and 7.51 times higher than those who had been injured to the head due to gunshot, respectively. Even patients who had been injured to the head because of assault show much higher involvement in injury risk than non-assault patients (Odds Ratio = 8.46). These findings highlight the need for a large national study to confirm the findings. It also draws attention to the importance of public awareness and to special injury prevention programs that not only focus on saving lives and lessening the number of injuries, illnesses, and fatalities, but also to limit the social and economic burden of injury among adults in Northern Jordan

Classical and Bayesian Estimation for 2-Component Mixture of Generalized Rayleigh Distribution based on Type I Censored Samples

Mixture models are more appealing and appropriate for studying the heterogeneous nature of lifetimesof certain mechanical, biological, social, economic and several other processes as compared tosimple models. This paper considers mixture of generalized Rayleigh distributions under classical andBayesian perspective based on type I censored samples. The new distribution which exhibits decreasing,decreasing-increasing-decreasing, unimodal and bimodal shaped density while the distribution has theability to model lifetime data with increasing, increasing-decreasing-increasing, bathtub and bi-bathtubshapedfailure rates. We derive some basic and structural properties of the proposed distribution.Moreover, we estimate the parameters of the model by using frequentist and Bayesian approaches. Infrequentist method, the maximum likelihood estimate of the parameters and their asymptotic condenceintervals are obtained while for Bayesian analysis, the squared error loss function (SELF) and uniformas well as beta and gamma priors are considered to obtain the Bayes estimators of the unknown parametersof the model. Furthermore, highest posterior density (HPD) credible intervals are also obtained.In real data analysis, in addition to point estimates of the model parameters, asymptotic condenceintervals and HPD credible intervals, two bootstrap CIs are also provided. Monte Carlo simulationstudy is performed to assess the behavior of these estimators. An application of the model is presentedby re-analyzing strength for single carbon bers data set