A Concise Review Based on Analytical Method Development and Validation of Apremilast in Bulk and Marketed Dosage Form

Apremilast is used for treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. It may also be beneficial for other inflammatory diseases relevant to the immune system. The drug functions as a selective enzyme phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor and avoids the spontaneous development of TNF-alpha from human synovial rheumatoid cells. The present review assesses the different approaches for evaluation of apremilast in bulk material as well as different formulations. A concise review consists of compile and discuss about over 30 methods for analysing apremilast in the biological matrices, the samples of bulk and in different dosage formulations including HPLC, HPTLC, UPLC, LC-MS and UV-spectrophotometry. A concise review represents the compilation and discussion of about more than 30 analytical methods which includes HPLC, HPTLC, UPLC, LC-MS and UV-Spectrophotometry methods implemented for investigation of apremilast in biological matrices, bulk samples and in different dosage formulations. This detailed review will be of great help to the researcher who is working on apremilast. Keywords: Apremilast; Analytical Profile; HPLC; HPTLC; Bioanalytical; Stability indicatin

Exploring RP-HPLC Method for analysis of Axitinib in Bulk and in-house Tablets

Axitinib is a tyrosine kinase Inhibiter. In a commenced analysis, a effortless and responsive high-performance liquid-chromatography method was developed and validated for the quantitative estimation of Axitinib in bulk and in-house tablet dosage form. The present method was developed and validated using LC-GC Qualisil BDS C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm). The separation of Axitinib was employed using a methanol: water 85:15% v/vas a mobile phase at optimal flow rate 1 mL/min and column oven temperature 30°C. While, Axitinib was examined at 330 nm with a photo diode array detector; retention timewas found to be 3.23 min.The intended method was validated by ICH rules for the accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and ruggedness. The linearity was followed in the concentration range of 4 - 24 μg/ mL as demonstrated by correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9994. The robustness of proposed method was assessed by purposelyvarying the chromatographic conditions. Consequently, the intended method can routinely be subjected for th estimation of Axitinib in bulk and in tablets formulation

Extraction of rutin from tagetes erecta (Marigold) and preparation of peroral nano-suspension for effective antitussive/expectorant therapy

The present study narrates the extraction of rutin from Tagetes erecta (Marigold) via maceration followed by ultrasonication. The extracted rutin was further fabricated into nanoparticles by high-pressure homogenization (HPH) and assessed by HPLC, DSC, XRD, TEM, and FTIR spectroscopy. The optimized batch of nanoparticles obtained using 32 central composite design (CCD) which exhibited particle size 209±14 nm, PDI 0.234±0.06, and 92±1.3% entrapment efficiency. The lyophilized rutin nanoparticles were further converted into nano-suspension. Interestingly, the rutin nano-suspension exhibited a similar antitussive effect in vivo as that by standard treatment pentoxyverine and reduced the coughing times within 2 min. Also, the phlegm showed high UV absorbance, implying its better expectorant activity than the standard and control. The rutin nano-suspension was highly stable and shelf life was found to be ∼29.1 months. The present study, for the first time, paves a way for the use of rutin nano-suspension to overcome chest congestion, shortening of breath, and in the management of cough