Problem of Foreign Body in GI Tract

Most foreign bodies pass through the gastrointestinal tract uneventful. We report of a case of inadvertently ingested foreign body, which by endoscopy simulated a polyp and on biopsy reported as cancer, so the patient underwent an unnecessary major operation. This report emphasizes the importance of resemblance of foreign bodies with gastrointestinal neoplasm, and endoscopists, surgeons and pathologists should consider this entity in their daily practice

Surgical Treatment of Pulmonary Aspergilloma

Introduction: Surgical approaches for the management of pulmonary aspergilloma have been accompanied with high levels of morbidity and mortality. However, these therapeutic options are still favored over other approaches for the treatment of Pulmonary Aspergilloma. In this study, we aimed to describe the characteristics of 30 patients with aspergilloma who referred to  Ghaem hospital between 2017-2018 and describe their results. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 30 patients (i.e., 21 males and 9 females) with pulmonary aspergilloma who were treated via surgery. The patients were examined based on their age, gender, clinical symptoms prior to surgery, affected pulmonary lobe, surgical method, and postoperative complications. Results: The mean age of the patients was 48.13(5.2) years. Hemoptysis (90%) was the most common symptom of pulmonary aspergilloma, followed by productive cough and drug-resistant pneumonia. The most common problematic lobes included left upper lobe and right upper lobe. Regarding the surgical method, 21 and 9 patients underwent lobectomy and segmentectomy, respectively. After the surgery, residual space, wound infection, ad bronchopleural fistula was observed in 5 (16.7%), 3 (10%), and 2 (6.7%) cases, respectively. Furthermore, only one patient passed away. Conclusion: As the findings indicated, the methods of surgery (i.e., lobectomy and segmentectomy) showed effective treatment for patients

An ontologically consistent MRI-based atlas of the mouse diencephalon

In topological terms, the diencephalon lies between the hypothalamus and the midbrain. It is made up of three segments, prosomere 1 (pretectum), prosomere 2 (thalamus), and prosomere 3 (the prethalamus). A number of MRI-based atlases of different parts of the mouse brain have already been published, but none of them displays the segments the diencephalon and their component nuclei. In this study we present a new volumetric atlas identifying 89 structures in the diencephalon of the male C57BL/6J 12 week mouse. This atlas is based on an average of MR scans of 18 mouse brains imaged with a 16.4T scanner. This atlas is available for download at www.imaging.org.au/AMBMC. Additionally, we have created an FSL package to enable nonlinear registration of novel data sets to the AMBMC model and subsequent automatic segmentation

In Memory of Professor Mohammad Hossein Salehi 1941-2014

Unfortunately, last winter, we lost one of the leaders of Radiotherpy-Oncology in Iran, Professor Mohammad Hossein Salehi. He was an excellent teacher, a supportive friend and an experienced physician.Professor Salehi was born on April 21, 1941 in Shirvan. After graduating from high school, he continued his education in Mashhad Medical School. In 1968 he completed Medical School and began the Residency Program of Radiology in Mashhad Medical School. Soon after, due to the lack of Radiotherapists in Mashhad and his eager to set up a Radiotherapy services in Mashhad, Dr. Salehi moved to England. He passed the Residency of Radiotherapy from 1972 to 1975 in the Royal Marsden Hospital, London and earned his Diploma in Medical Radiotherapy (D.M.R.T) from the England Royal College and finished his fellowship ( F.R.C.R). After moving back to Iran in the same year and acquiring the Iranian National Board of Radiology, he started to work as Assistant Professor of Radiotherapy in Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran. He arranged and established the first Radiotherapy Department in Mashhad in 1976. He was the Head of Radiotherapy-Oncology Department from 1976 to 2006.He was appointed as Associate Professor and after Professor of Radiotherapy-Oncology in 1985 and 1993, respectively. Professor Salehi was an active member of the Iranian National Board of Radiotherapy for 30 years. He was awarded as” The Best Professor “for 3 times.Beside his valuable clinical and educational activities, he was interested in medical research. He has published more than 20 articles and supervised about 25 theses. After 40 years continuous activity, Professor Salehi was retired in 2010. Unfortunately Professor Salehi passed away on January 23, 2014 after a four-year battle with metastatic colon cancer. His strength, wisdom, guidance and kindness will be missed by all who knew him

Cystic Lung Disease in a Young man

Cystic Lung Disease; Diagnosis;Follow u

Comparative study of electronic monitoring model with Islamic sources in Iranian Police (Case study of medical centers)

Aims: The present qualitative research was conducted with the aim of comparing the electronic monitoring checklist used in Iranian police medical centers with the relevant items in Islamic sources (hadiths, Quran, and narrations) and the compliance of the present checklist with the mentioned items. Materials and Methods: In the present qualitative research, first, the electronic monitoring checklist of the police force, which contains 24 items in the field of electronic surveillance (used in medical centers) was examined. Those items that were not found in Islamic sources or were in the opposite, was removed from the checklist. Then, the needs assessment of the remaining items was reviewed by the professors and managers of the police force and the final checklist was prepared. Thirston and Cronbach's alpha in SPSS-18 software was used to analyze the validity and reliability of the checklist. Findings: Based on interviews with religious experts and the extraction of Islamic principles corresponding to the items, 19 items remained in the checklist and were sent for a survey of NAJA managers and professors. However, no corresponding principles were found for the 5 items that were classified as items that Islam has been silent on and was later added to the final checklist as items that are needed at different times depending on the needs of the organization. All 19 remaining items were accepted from the perspective of police managers and professors, and the grade of each item was calculated depending on the degree of relevance to the corresponding Islamic principle. The calculation of Cronbach's alpha equal to 0.90 also indicated the appropriate reliability of the checklist. Conclusion: The current findings showed that a large share of the items related to electronic surveillance used in Iranian police medical centers are directly or indirectly rooted in Islamic teachings and a small share of it is commensurate with the needs of the organization at a time when Islam it is silent

The Relation between "Interpersonal Sensitivity" and "Quality of life" in the Armed Forces Retirees

Introduction ... [1-5]. Following the increase among the elderly population, mental and emotional issues are considered as the basic needs of this period. [6]. One of the most important issues in old ages is the quality of life [7]. .... [8-13]. One of the basic components of interpersonal relationships is the concept of interpersonal sensitivity and it refers carefully to the perceptions, judgments and responses that people show towards each other [14-18]. ... [19]. Panaghi et al. believe that factors such as health, family health and personal relationships affect the quality of life [9]. Monika et al. In 2017 showed that there is a positive relation between interpersonal sensitivity, social support and quality of life in the elderly, and on the other hand, the role of social support as a mediator is evident between interpersonal sensitivity and quality of life [20]. Aim (s) The present study was conducted to investigate the relation between interpersonal sensitivity and the quality of life of Armed Forces retirees in Tehran, Iran. Research Type The present study is cross-sectional and correlational with an analytical approach. Research Society, Place and Time This study was conducted among the retirees of the Armed Forces living in Tehran, Iran in 2019-2020. The area of this research was the retirement centers of the Armed Forces of Tehran province. Sampling Method and Number 373 people were selected as the sample by available sampling method. Used Devices & Materials Demographic Profile and Boyce and Parker Interpersonal Sensitivity questionnaires [19] with confirmed validity and reliability [14, 20-22] and elderly quality of life questionnaire (CAPS-19) [23, 24] with confirmed validity and reliability [23] were used to collect data. Ethical Permissions All participants in the study were fully assured that their identity information would remain strictly confidential and they had full authority not to participate in the study or to withdraw from the study at any stage they wished. Statistical Analysis Data normality was checked using one-sample T-test and Pearson correlation coefficient test was used to investigate the relationship between different variables. The software used in this study was SPSS 22. Finding by Text Among 373 people who participated in the study, 91.42% (341) were male and 8.57% (32) were female. 75.6% (280 people) of the samples were 65-70 years old. Also, 61.4% of them were married (Table 1). The total mean score of interpersonal sensitivity was 57.17± 35.83 which was evaluated at a weak level. Mean score of interpersonal sensitivity subscales including interpersonal awareness, need for approval, separation anxiety, shyness, and fragile self-esteem, were respectively 10.02 ± 19.1, 13.06±14.18, 12± 15/30 and 7.04 ±13.21, which were lower than their specified maximum score and were assessed at a poor level. Subscale of need for approval was evaluated in an average level with score of 15.03±12.23. The total mean score of quality of life of the elderly was 58.00±26.34 which were evaluated at a good level in terms of quality of life. The mean scores of elderly quality of life subscales including control, independence, self-fulfillment and success were respectively 12.06±9.14, 15.21±16.28, 14.39±14.34 and 15.83±20.80 that they were close to their maximum score and at a good level. The results of Pearson correlation test showed that the significance level of Pearson correlation coefficient was equal to 0.41 (P-value <0.05); Therefore, a significant relationship was confirmed at 95% confidence level. Main Comparison to the Similar Studies The results of this study are consistent with the findings of Beyrami et al. [25] and Asemi et al. [26]; emotion regulation training has a significant effect on reducing interpersonal sensitivity [25]. Asemi et al. also showed in their research that interpersonal sensitivity scores in the samples indicated a statistically significant difference before and after training [26]. A study by Narimani et al also showed that there is a significant difference between abled and disabled people in the dimensions of interpersonal sensitivity- other than separation anxiety, and the problem of people who have been neglected and socially excluded may be due to lack of social skills. [19].This issue was less evident among the retirees of the Armed Forces due to the presence of people who have served together for a long time. The results of Wilhelm et al.'s study show that there is a significant relationship between interpersonal sensitivity subscales with depression and anxiety [27]. Also, Masillo et al. in their research found a negative relationship between high interpersonal sensitivity and low social performance [28]. Quality of life is one of the issues and one of the indicators that are measured to determine the needs and health conditions of the elderly and its improvement [29]. In the present study, the quality of life score of the elderly and its dimensions were assessed at a good level, which is in line with the Tavana study in 2020, which states that the current situation of police retirees in terms of physical, emotional, motivational and physical health is desirable [30]. In the study of Hosseini et al., the quality of life score of the elderly was 53.64, which is at an average and lower level than the present study. They consider low income, the majority of the elderly with a specific disease, low level of literacy and low financial support as the reasons for the average quality of life [31]. In their research, Shabani et al. have reported a lower average quality of life of the elderly compare to the present study; they stated that the feeling of rolelessness and consumerism reduces the power and strength of the elderly and having a monotonous life can be a factor in reducing their quality of life [32]. The quality of life of the elderly in the study of Babak et al. is moderate, which is not consistent with the present study. They also cited physical problems such as overweight and certain diseases of old age and mental problems such as depression as reasons for the average quality of life of the elderly in their study [33]. In the study of Wedgeworth et al., a strong correlation was observed between the variables of interpersonal sensitivity, social support and quality of life of the elderly [20]. .... [34]. In the Menlibayeva study, which was conducted to assess the quality of life of the retired population in Kazakhstan, the physical health and mental health index was respectively moderate at 42.6 and 43.2, [35]. Aydın and Hiçdurmaz's study also showed that if people control the interpersonal sensitivity with colleagues and others, they can succeed in their jobs and workplaces [35]. These studies are consistent with the side findings of the present study, which express the importance of in-service training in preparing individuals to prepare for retirement and the beginning of new periods in life. Given the difficulties of occupational activities in military and law enforcement issues, the importance of these trainings and pre-retirement training is more evident for this particular group of the elderly; this finding is also consistent with the results of Taji Qarajeh et al. [36]. Suggestions It is suggested that similar studies be performed at shorter intervals (for example 2 to 3 years) in similar groups in Tehran, Iran and other provinces in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of orders and directives of the command hierarchy in the Armed Forces based on the quality of life of retirees. The results of these studies should be reflected to the responsible authorities. Conclusions This study showed that the general situation of interpersonal sensitivity with quality of life in elderly retirees of the Armed Forces living in Tehran, Iran is slightly more favorable than the scores related to studies of the general elderly population of the country. This can be related to the systematic structure of the Armed Forces, emphatic and continuous in-service training, the existence of active retirement centers and the relatively successful activities of these centers, as well as the continued communication with people of the same age and colleagues. Clinical & Practical Tips in Police Medicine One of the practical points of this research for decision makers in the field of human resources of the Armed Forces is to focus on providing community-based and empowering training for the retirement of the covered forces, which leads to reduced interpersonal sensitivity and significantly increases the quality of life of Armed Forces retirees and their families. Another important point for the police is the need to have a human-centered and integrated view of the lives of employees (both employees and retirees) in order to take special measures to increase the psychological and physical resilience of people in their service years and the quality of life and job satisfaction of employees and retirees. One of the side findings of this study is the importance of continuous activity and more support for the activities of the Armed Forces Retirement Centers in order to increase interactions and reduce interpersonal sensitivity in retirees. Acknowledgments We thank all the managers, staff and members of the Retirees and Retirees Association of the Armed Forces of Tehran, Iran who helped us in this research. Conflict of Interest The authors state that there is no conflict of interest in the present study. Funding Sources All research costs are covered by the authors

Enhancing student engagement in Digital Forensics

In recent years, most research has focused on identifying the key factors in promoting academic success among students in Higher Education. Studies have shown a direct link between levels of engagement and achievement in education. Student engagement represents both the time and energy students invest in educationally purposeful activities and the effort institutions devote to employing effective educational practices. Fredericks identified three dimensions of engagement—behavioural, emotional and cognitive—in the literature and addressed the multiple interpretations of each component. In subject areas such as digital forensics which interfaces between sciences and computing applications, it is vital to look at students’ engagement issues in order to identify significant factors that maximize students' learning experiences throughout their studies. Perhaps, one good definition of skills needed in teaching, learning and curriculum design as well as students engagements during teaching and learning activities in digital forensic would be to highpoint that digital forensics is a combination of different intuition derived from experience and detailed analysis using problem-solving as well as problem-based learning skills. Hence to better understand how to enhance students’ learning through students’ engagements, a set of experiments have been implemented at De Montfort University and Sheffield Hallam University for forensic and security computing students

Using Z in the development and maintenance of computational models of real-world systems

There are two main challenges in developing computational models of a real-world phenomena. One is the difficulty in ensuring clear communication between the scientists, who are the end-users of the model, and the model developers. This results from the difference in their backgrounds and terminologies. Another challenge for the developers is to ensure that the resultant software satisfies all the requirements accurately. Utilising a formal notation such as Z which is easy to learn, read, understand and remember can address these issues by (a) acting as a means to unambiguously communicate between scientists and simulation developers, and (b) providing a basis for systematically producing and maintaining simulation code that meets the specification. In this paper, we describe a translation scheme for producing code for the widely used agent-based simulation environment NetLogo from Z specifications. Additionally, we report on the use of the approach on a real project studying the movement of chyme, i.e. food undergoing digestion, through a pig’s intestine as a means of understanding the effect of dietary fibre on human health