First and second components of the Principal Component Analysis based on autosomal data.

<p>The corresponding colored dots for the Central Asian populations are shown on the lower right corner. The colored “arrows” on the background represent the frequency gradients as seen as on <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0076748#pone.0076748.s001" target="_blank">Figures S1</a> and <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0076748#pone.0076748.s002" target="_blank">S2</a> and follow the same color code. It shall be stressed that they DO NOT represent actual gene flow, PCA analysis does not permit to reveal such movements. _Pak and _Afg stand for Pakistan and Afghanistan respectively.</p

Samples collection locations. Blue dots indicate locations where samples were collected in Afghanistan and analyzed for mt DNA, Y-chromosome and GWA, red dot indicates Afghan capital, Kabul.

<p>Black dots indicate locations where samples were collected in Iran, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia and Pakistan (HGDP-CEPH) and analyzed for Y-chromosome (see further description in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0076748#pone.0076748.s011" target="_blank">Table S1</a>). Red squares indicate samples locations used for the autosomal analyses (PCA, Fst, structure-like ADMIXTURE) (see further description in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0076748#pone.0076748.s012" target="_blank">Table S2</a>).</p

First and second components of the Factorial Correspondence Analysis based on the frequencies of 84 well-defined Y chromosome haplogroups in 37 populations from Afghanistan, Iran, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, and Mongolia.

<p>In Figure 4-A, populations are colored according to their language (Altaic and Indo-European speaking populations). Figure 4-B differentiates populations according to their respective country.</p

Spatial distribution of Ancestry Components based on the admixture analysis results at K = 9.

<p>Frequency data (ancestry fractions) were converted by applying the Kriging algorithm using the software Surfer v8.00. The color for the respective ACs matches that of <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0076748#pone.0076748.s001" target="_blank">Figures S1</a> and <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0076748#pone.0076748.s002" target="_blank">S2</a>.</p