Alamouti-STBC based Channel Estimation Technique over MIMO OFDM System

The examination on various looks into on MIMO STBC framework in order to accomplish the higher framework execution is standard that the execution of the remote correspondence frameworks can be improved by usage numerous transmit and get radio wires, that is normally gathered on the grounds that the MIMO procedure, and has been incorporated. The Alamouti STBC might be a promising because of notice the pick up inside the remote interchanges framework misuse MIMO. To broaden the code rate and furthermore the yield of the symmetrical zone time square code for more than 4 transmit reception apparatuses is examined. The outlined framework is beated once forced with M-PSK (i.e upto 32-PSK) regulation. The channel estimation examine in these conditions

Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Low-Rise Reinforced Concrete Buildings in Kathmandu, Nepal

In seismically active cities like Kathmandu, there often exists a need to assess the seismic vulnerability of a large number of poorly designed buildings within a short period of time. Traditional analysis techniques do not work because they require building data that are either inaccurate or unavailable. One alternative to traditional analysis techniques is to use simple correlations like the Priority Index. This index uses basic building information such as floor area, column area, and wall area to estimate the seismic vulnerability of a building. Following the 2015 Nepal earthquake, 146 low-rise reinforced concrete buildings were surveyed in Kathmandu, Nepal. All data collected were made publicly available on DataHub (datacenterhub.org/resources/238). Indices such as the Wall Index (WI) and the Column Index (CI) were computed for each surveyed building and compared to index values obtained from similar surveys conducted in Turkey and Haiti. A plot of WI versus CI showed that 92% of all the points representing buildings with severe damage are bound by a line drawn from 0.2% WI to 0.4% CI. If this line is used as a threshold to identify the most vulnerable structures, 91% of the buildings surveyed in Kathmandu would have been classified as such. The indices used also showed good correlation with observed damage levels in Kathmandu. This correlation between vulnerability estimates and observed damage levels suggests that Priority Index can be used as a rapid and cost effective analysis tool to rank low-rise reinforced concrete buildings in terms of seismic vulnerability

End-to-End Neural Network Compression via ℓ1ℓ2\frac{\ell_1}{\ell_2} Regularized Latency Surrogates

Neural network (NN) compression via techniques such as pruning, quantization requires setting compression hyperparameters (e.g., number of channels to be pruned, bitwidths for quantization) for each layer either manually or via neural architecture search (NAS) which can be computationally expensive. We address this problem by providing an end-to-end technique that optimizes for model's Floating Point Operations (FLOPs) or for on-device latency via a novel $\frac{\ell_1}{\ell_2}$ latency surrogate. Our algorithm is versatile and can be used with many popular compression methods including pruning, low-rank factorization, and quantization. Crucially, it is fast and runs in almost the same amount of time as single model training; which is a significant training speed-up over standard NAS methods. For BERT compression on GLUE fine-tuning tasks, we achieve $50\%$ reduction in FLOPs with only $1\%$ drop in performance. For compressing MobileNetV3 on ImageNet-1K, we achieve $15\%$ reduction in FLOPs, and $11\%$ reduction in on-device latency without drop in accuracy, while still requiring $3\times$ less training compute than SOTA compression techniques. Finally, for transfer learning on smaller datasets, our technique identifies $1.2\times$-$1.4\times$ cheaper architectures than standard MobileNetV3, EfficientNet suite of architectures at almost the same training cost and accuracy

Seasonal changes in microbial community structure and nutrients content in rhizospheric soil of Aegle marmelos tree

A preliminary investigation was carried out on dominance of different types of microbial communities at different monsoon seasons in rhizospheric soils of Aegle marmelos tree. Nutrients content of soil were also determined simultaneously to correlate with the microbial population. Results show that the rhizosphere of Aegle marmelos contains gram-negative bacteria, Rhizobium, Azotobacter,Actinomycetes and Yeast and major plant nutrients and their count as well as dominance changes with moisture content in rhizosphere.Except actinomycetes all the microorganisms were found highest duringmonsoon season whereas in post-monsoon season Actinomycetes were dominant. Amount of water in rhizosphere soil also affects soil chemical properties. Soil pH, organic carbon, C:N ratio, available nitrogen and available phosphorus were recorded maximum in monsoon, whereas electrical conductivity and total nitrogen content were found maximum in post-monsoon

Performance of Mud Mortar Walls Under Seismic Loading

The inherently brittle nature of unreinforced masonry structures results in poor performance during earthquakes, presenting major hazards to communities. Many of these structures found in Nepal were severely damaged or destroyed during two earthquakes in 2015. The purpose of this project is to test the effect on seismic response of several modifications to stone and mud mortar structures. These structures are common in many areas of Nepal. Two T-shaped stone and mud mortar masonry walls are constructed. The first wall has no modifications and represents current building practices. The second wall uses steel wire mesh as external reinforcement. Each wall is subjected to simulated strong ground motions of increasing intensity until failure. The results are expected to indicate better toughness during an earthquake as a result of the steel reinforcement. Therefore, these results can be applied in regions like Nepal in an effort to avoid a repeat of the catastrophic damage seen in 2015

Maxillary Incisor Intrusion Using Mini-Implants and Conventional Intrusion Arch: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the maxillary incisor intrusion and change in overbite achieved by micro-implants compared to Connecticut intrusion arches among post-pubertal patients with deep bite. Medline, PubMed, Cochrane, and Google scholar were searched for studies falling under the inclusion criteria. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) comparing maxillary incisor intrusion among post-pubertal deep bite cases treated by mini-implants and Connecticut intrusion arches were to be included. Outcome data were extracted using guidelines published by the Cochrane Collaboration. A systematic review was conducted using Cochrane Program Review Manager, version 5. A random effects model was used to assess the mean difference in the amount of incisor intrusion and overbite correction achieved between the 2 methods. Statistical significance was set at P < .05. Assessment of certainty of evidence was conducted using GRADE analysis. Six trials met the inclusion criteria. Mean differences for incisor intrusion –0.67 [95% CI, 0.97, 0.38] I2 = 31%; P < .00001) and overbite correction –0.51 [95% CI, 0.85, 0.16] I2 = 50%; P = .004) achieved with mini-implants were found to be significantly effective when compared to the Connecticut intrusion arch. Low to moderate heterogeneity was noted for incisor intrusion and change in overbite analysis respectively. High certainty of evidence was noted for higher association of mini-implants with incisor intrusion and overbite correction. Our meta-analysis suggests that mini-implants are superior to the Connecticut intrusion arch with respect to the amount of incisor intrusion and overbite correction. Further studies are still needed to confirm the superiority