Role of MicroRNA in Endometrial Carcinoma

Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is a hall mark of gynecological malignancies that usually affects women above the age 50. It is one of the major causes of mortality in females with ever increasing prevalence and the mortality rate is 1.7 to 2.4 per 100000 and each year 10000 death occur due to ECs. MiRNAs regulate the expression of different proto-oncogenes and signaling pathways that are directly or indirectly involved in the development of cancer. Different miRNAs i.e. (miRNA-449, miRNA 370, miRNA-424, and miRNA-152) which gets up or down regulated during endometrial cancer are the potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of EC. Targeting this relationship between the miRNA and signaling pathways may help in the development of new treatment in endometrial cancer. In current study, we reviewed literature from PubMed using miRNA and endometrial cancer as keywords and outlined the synthesis of potent miRNA and role of different miRNAs involved in ECs. The study revealed different sub types of miRNA played crucial role in the development of cancer by up and down regulation of different metabolic pathways. Many evidences have supported that miRNAs play role in control and regulation of different pathways leading to cancer and targeting these pathways may bring changes in the diagnosis as well as in treatment of EC

Nutritional and Therapeutic Potential of Soursop

Soursop (Annona muricata) has been one of the most studied fruits in recent years, owing to its potential medicinal benefits, as evidenced by many studies. Soursop is a tropical and subtropical fruit having great versatility and is quite sensitive to drastic temperature fluctuations. Since soursop contains various phytochemicals, it can be used medicinally to treat a wide range of conditions, including diabetes (by inhibiting the enzymes α-glucosidase and α-amylase), tumor, cancer, oxidative stress, blood pressure, the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells as well as hemorrhagic disease and cholesterol lowering. Due to its significant nutritional profile and therapeutic potential, it can be utilized in the development of nutraceuticals and medicines. Its pulp, seed, and leaf extract are used as functional ingredients in different foods as value-added foods. This review article is intended to characterize fruit development patterns and examines potential maturity indicators in soursop. In addition, it also elaborates on the potential nutritional and active phytochemicals present in this magnificent gift of nature and their possible uses in the food and pharmaceutical industries

Nutritional and functional properties of kefir: review

ABSTRACTKefir is a popular and indigenous fermented product that possess various health claims. Kefir grains with varied bacteria are utilized as starters for kefir production of popular genra including Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, Lactococcus, and Acetobacter species. The complex microbial community in kefir produce various bioactive compounds owing to their metabolic activities. Kefir has various functional and therapeutic properties, which include immune system stimulation, lactose intolerance symptoms, cholesterol reduction, anti-carcinogenic and anti-mutagenic qualities. Several studies have shown anticarcinogenic, anti-microbial and synbiotic potential of kefir. Current review highlights the production technology, nutritional, functional and therapeutic potential of kefir. Furthermore, production strategies, kefir characteristics and probiotic potential are the limelight of the current review

Role of MicroRNA in Endometrial Carcinoma

Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is a hall mark of gynecological malignancies that usually affects women above the age 50. It is one of the major causes of mortality in females with ever increasing prevalence and the mortality rate is 1.7 to 2.4 per 100000 and each year 10000 death occur due to ECs. MiRNAs regulate the expression of different proto-oncogenes and signaling pathways that are directly or indirectly involved in the development of cancer. Different miRNAs i.e. (miRNA-449, miRNA 370, miRNA-424, and miRNA-152) which gets up or down regulated during endometrial cancer are the potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of EC. Targeting this relationship between the miRNA and signaling pathways may help in the development of new treatment in endometrial cancer. In current study, we reviewed literature from PubMed using miRNA and endometrial cancer as keywords and outlined the synthesis of potent miRNA and role of different miRNAs involved in ECs. The study revealed different sub types of miRNA played crucial role in the development of cancer by up and down regulation of different metabolic pathways. Many evidences have supported that miRNAs play role in control and regulation of different pathways leading to cancer and targeting these pathways may bring changes in the diagnosis as well as in treatment of EC

Liposomes: a promising delivery system for active ingredients in food and nutrition

ABSTRACTThe target delivery of sensitive components to get the intended benefits is a challenge for the global food industry. One of the principal strategies used to boost individualized absorptivity, nutrient stability, and enhanced food quality is the application of liposomal systems in the food industry, which allows controlled release of bioactive compounds. Lipid-oriented encapsulation strategies such as liposomes are superior for encapsulating sensitive components, increasing product solubility and bioavailability, and accurately targeting encapsulated content in food and nutraceutical production. In this review, the nature, composition, and different methodologies for the preparation of liposomes, such as the Bangham Method, ethanol injection method, microfluidic channel method, and freeze-drying method summarized. Moreover, the crucial role of liposomes in delivering sensitive bioactive compounds to cure different health maladies has been emphasized

Silymarin: a review on paving the way towards promising pharmacological agent

ABSTRACTAdvancements in the field of research and development have paved toward the use of herbal agents to cure and control health maladies. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.) is one of the herbs that possess pharmacological and therapeutic attributes. Various bioactive components in milk thistle have a key role in pathological conditions like blood-related disorders, hepatic ailments, arthritis, ulcerative colitis, and carcinomas. Among various bioactive components, silymarin is an active agent which isa standardized mixture of flavonolignans (70%–80%) along with silybin, silydianin, and silychristin, with silybin being the main active chemical component. Silymarin has been used medicinally to treat liver disorders, including acute and chronic viral hepatitis, toxin/drug-induced hepatitis, cirrhosis, and alcoholic liver diseases. Traditionally, the plant was employed to increase human reproduction ability, possess reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, has UV-induced skin damage protection, maintains the menstrual cycle, lessen viral infection, decrease fibrosis, and blood glucose as well as improve functions of the liver, pancreas, and reproductive cells. This review summarizes the basic as well as advanced therapeutic effects of silymarin which will ultimately lead researchers in developinphytopharmaceutical-based complementary medicine

Effect of Cellulose–Chitosan Hybrid-Based Encapsulation on the Viability and Stability of Probiotics under Simulated Gastric Transit and in Kefir

Encapsulation comprises a promising potential for the targeted delivery of entrapped sensitive agents into the food system. A unique combination of cellulose/chitosan (Cl-Ch)-based hybrid wall material was employed to encapsulate L. plantarum by emulsion technique. The developed beads were further subjected to morphological and in vitro studies. The viability of free and encapsulated probiotics was also evaluated in kefir during storage. The developed beads presented porous spherical structures with a rough surface. A 1.58 ± 0.02 log CFU/mL, 1.26 ± 0.01 log CFU/mL, and 1.82 ± 0.01 log CFU/mL reduction were noticed for Cl-Ch hybrid cells under simulated gastro-intestinal and thermal conditions, respectively. The encapsulated cells were found to be acidic and thermally resistant compared to the free cells. Similarly, encapsulated probiotics showed better viability in kefir at the end of the storage period compared to free cells. In short, the newly developed Cl-Ch hybrid-based encapsulation has a promising potential for the targeted delivery of probiotics, as career agents, in gastric transit, and in foods

Gut microbiota and synbiotic foods: Unveiling the relationship in COVID-19 perspective

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread across the globe and is causing widespread disaster. The impact of gut microbiota on lung disease has been widely documented. Diet, environment, and genetics all play a role in shaping the gut microbiota, which can influence the immune system. Improving the gut microbiota profile through customized diet, nutrition, and supplementation has been shown to boost immunity, which could be one of the preventative methods for reducing the impact of various diseases. Poor nutritional status is frequently linked to inflammation and oxidative stress, both of which can affect the immune system. This review emphasizes the necessity of maintaining an adequate level of important nutrients to effectively minimize inflammation and oxidative stress, moreover to strengthen the immune system during the COVID-19 severity. Furthermore, the purpose of this review is to present information and viewpoints on the use of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics as adjuvants for microbiota modification and its effects on COVID-19 prevention and treatment

Probiotics encapsulated gastroprotective cross-linked microgels: Enhanced viability under stressed conditions with dried apple carrier

In the current study, Lactobacillus acidophilus was encapsulated in sodium alginate and whey protein isolate, with the addition of antacids CaCO3 or Mg(OH)2. The obtained microgels were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Encapsulated and free probiotics were subjected to vitality assay under stressed conditions. Furthermore, dried apple snack was evaluated as a carrier for probiotics for 28 days. A significant (p ≤ .05) effect of antacid with an encapsulating agent was observed under different stressed conditions. During exposure to simulated gastrointestinal conditions, there were observations of 1.24 log CFU and 2.17 log CFU, with corresponding 0.93 log CFU and 2.63 log CFU decrease in the case of SA + CaCO3 and WPI + CaCO3 respectively. Likewise, high viability was observed under thermal and refrigerated conditions for probiotics encapsulated with SA + CaCO3. In conclusion, the results indicated that alginate microgels with CaCO3 are effective in prolonging the viability of probiotics under stressed conditions

Valorization of the phytochemical profile, nutritional composition, and therapeutic potentials of garlic peel: a concurrent review

ABSTRACTGarlic (Allium sativum) is an ingredient that is frequently utilized in food for its therapeutic properties. Even though garlic peel accounts for 25% of production overall, unfortunately, it is discarded by the industry. Garlic peel is a valuable source of phytochemicals and medicinal substances. Throughout history, various civilizations have recognized the potential benefits of using garlic peel for illness prevention and treatment. This review emphasizes that garlic peel contains a variety of chemicals that are believed to offer health benefits for high blood sugar levels, lower the risk of cardiovascular illnesses, and have anti-tumor, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial properties. Additionally, we discuss the main bioactive substances in garlic peel, namely total phenolics, total flavonoids, and their derivatives. We may infer from our understanding that garlic peel is a useful agricultural waste because it contains a range of biologically active components. As a result, it can be employed as an ingredient to control health, especially in the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields