Some Morphological Characters and Yield of Common Field Bean (Vicia faba.L)

To evalauate the influences of irrigation time with wastewater of Iran mayhes factory (producing leaven) on some morphological characters and yield of faba bean, a factorial experiment carried out on the base of randomized complete block design (CRBD) in Iran Mayehs factory farm in spring2012. Experimental factors consisted of irrigation times at 3 levels I1 = one irrigation with determined amount of wastewater, I2 = two irrigations with determined amount of wastewater, I3 = irrigation during the growth period of plants with determined amount of wastewater) and wastewater concentration at 6 levels (P0 = irrigation with normal water (control), P15=15% wastewaters + normal water, P30= 30% wastewaters + normal, P45= 45% wastewaters + normal water, P60= 60% wastewaters + normal water, P100= all wastewater) with three replications. Results showed that the effect irrigation numbers on traits such as plant height, number of pods per plant and seed yield was significant. Results also revealed that the effect of weastwater concentration on1000seed weight was significant. The interaction of number of irrigations by weastwater concentrations on stem dry weight was also signification. Evaluation of different treatments showed that 45 percent concentration of wastewater was increased traits under study. It seems, that controlled irrigation of bean with wastewater of factory (producing yeast) can be effective in improving its yield in the region

Effects of Nitrogen Rates on Critical Period of Natural Weed Interference on Barley Yield (Hordeum vulgare L. var. Makoei)

Effects of nitrogen rates on critical period of natural weed interference and yield of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) were studied during 2006 and 2007 at the Agricultural Research Station, University of Tabriz, Iran. The experiment was carried out as split-plot, based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Nitrogen levels (0, 40, 60 and 120 kg/ha) were allocated to the main plots and 10 natural weed interference periods (two sets) were assigned to subplots. In the first set, the plots were kept weed-free up to Em (Emergence - 1st leaf emerged), El5 (5th leaf unfolded), Ti (Tillering - Main shoot and 3 tillers), Se (Stem elongation - 5th node detectable) and Ea em (Ear emergence - Emergence of head complete) growth stages (GS), corresponding to 10, 15, 23, 35 and 59 Zadok’s scales, respectively, by hand weeding. In the second set, plots were left weed infested up to the corresponding periods and subsequently kept weed free. Weed density was 161 plants per square meter in the control plots. Results showed that grain yield decreased with increasing weed interfrence duration. Full-season weed infestation decreased barley grain yield 42.51% as compared with the control. The constructed models indicated that in order to prevent a 5% grain yield loss, weeds at 0, 40, 80 and 120kg N/ha must be removed from the fields after 20.5, 29.6, 31.9 and 30.5 days from emergence (DAE), respectively. Barley required 130.5, 106.7, 105.2 and 109.8 days weed free period to prevent a 5% grain yield loss under given nitrogen rates, respectively. An increase in the nitrogen levels enhanced barley tolerance to weed infestation. The growth and grain yield of barley were also increased by nitrogen application in the sustainable level, however, weed dry weight was not affected. The absence or more reductions in nitrogen use may warrant more intensive weed management. Furthermore, more reductions in the nitrogen level before barley planting may cause the need for more immediate and long period weed control

Can application of nitrogen fertilizers and salicylic acid improve growth and fruit yield of coriander under water deficit?

To investigate the changes in selected morphological traits and yield of coriander (Coriandrum sati- vum L.) in response to fertilization and salicylic acid foliar spraying under different irrigation intervals, two field experiments were conducted as split-factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replicates in 2014 and 2015. Treatments were three irrigation intervals (irrigation after 60, 90 and 120 mm evaporation from class A pan) and combination of fertilization (control, urea 100 kg ha–1, Nitrokara (bio-fertilizer), and 50% urea + Nitrokara) and salicylic acid (0 and 1 mM) that were allocated to the main and sub-plots, respectively. The results showed that plant height, length of the longest internode, stem diameter, branches per plant, dry weights of roots and leaves and fruit yield of coriander were reduced and root length enhanced with increasing the irrigation intervals. However, all of the nitrogen fertilizers, especially combined application of 50% urea and Nitrokara, and salicylic acid spraying, improved the selected morphological traits, and consequently fruit yield per unit area under favorable and limited irrigations