Crystal structure of 3-{(E)-[(3, 4-dichloro-phenyl)imino]methyl}benzene-1, 2-diol

The authors acknowledge the provision of funds for the purchase of diffractometer and encouragement by Dr.Muhammad Akram Chaudhary, Vice Chancellor, University of Sargodha, Pakistan.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Molecular and morphological characterization of the tapeworm Taenia hydatigena (Pallas, 1766) in sheep from Iran

Although Taenia hydatigena is one of the most prevalent taeniid species of livestock, very little molecular genetic information exists for this parasite. Up to 100 sheep isolates of T. hydatigena were collected from 19 abattoirs located in the provinces of Tehran, Alborz and Kerman. A calibrated microscope was used to measure the larval rostellar hook lengths. Following DNA extraction, fragments of cytochrome c oxidase 1 (CO1) and 12S rRNA genes were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction method and the amplicons were subjected to sequencing. The mean total length of large and small hooks was 203.4 μm and 135.9 μm, respectively. Forty CO1 and 39 12S rRNA sequence haplotypes were obtained in the study. The levels of pairwise nucleotide variation between individual haplotypes of CO1 and 12S rRNA genes were determined to be between 0.3-3.4% and 0.2-2.1%, respectively. The overall nucleotide variation among all the CO1 haplotypes was 9.7%, and for all the 12S rRNA haplotypes it was 10.1%. A significant difference was observed between rostellar hook morphometry and both CO1 and 12S rRNA sequence variability. A significantly high level of genetic variation was observed in the present study. The results showed that the 12S rRNA gene is more variable than CO1. © 2013 Cambridge University Press

4-(5-Chloro-2-hydroxy­benzyl­idene­amino)-N-(4,6-dimethyl­pyrimidin-2-yl)benzene­sulfonamide

The title compound, C19H17ClN4O3S, is a Schiff base compound of 5-chloro­salicylaldehyde and sulfamethazine [4-amino-N-(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidin­yl)benzene­sulfonamide]. The geometry around the S atom is distorted tetra­hedral, comprising two O atoms of the sulfonyl group, a C atom of a benzene ring and the amino N atom. The title compound has an intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond and two inter­molecular C—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which link neighbouring mol­ecules into 10-membered rings. As a result of an unavoidable conformational arrangement, a slightly short intra­molecular contact of distance 2.59 Å exists between an O atom of the sulfonyl group and an H atom of the sulfamethazine benzene ring

4-[(E)-(5-Chloro-2-hydroxy­benzyl­idene)amino]benzene­sulfonamide

In the mol­ecule of title compound, C13H11ClN2O3S, the aromatic rings are oriented at a dihedral angle of 12.27 (3)°. An intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond results in the formation of a planar (mean deviation 0.0083 Å) six-membered ring, which is nearly coplanar with the adjacent ring at a dihedral angle of 2.36 (13)°. In the sulfonamide group, the S atom is 0.457 (3) Å from the plane through the O and N atoms. In the crystal structure, inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules

Nattokinase: A Promising Alternative in Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases

© The Author(s) 2018. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the world and our approach to the control and management of CVD mortality is limited. Nattokinase (NK), the most active ingredient of natto, possesses a variety of favourable cardiovascular effects and the consumption of Natto has been linked to a reduction in CVD mortality. Recent research has demonstrated that NK has potent fibrinolytic activity, antihypertensive, anti-atherosclerotic, and lipid-lowering, antiplatelet, and neuroprotective effects. This review covers the major pharmacologic effects of NK with a focus on its clinical relevance to CVD. It outlines the advantages of NK and the outstanding issues pertaining to NK pharmacokinetics. Available evidence suggests that NK is a unique natural compound that possesses several key cardiovascular beneficial effects for patients with CVD and is therefore an ideal drug candidate for the prevention and treatment of CVD. Nattokinase is a promising alternative in the management of CVD

Tris[bis­(2-methyl­prop­yl)dithio­phosphinato]bis­muth(III)

The title compound, [Bi(C8H18PS2)3], contains a BiIII cation surrounded by three bis­(2-methyl­prop­yl)dithio­phosphinate anions, leading to a distorted octa­hedral coordination for the heavy metal. The Bi—S and S—P bond lengths are in the ranges 2.7694 (18)–2.8391 (17) and 2.019 (2)–2.035 (2) Å, respectively. The crystal structure is consolidated by C—H⋯S hydrogen bonds. Intra­molecular C—H⋯π inter­actions also play a role in stabilizing the mol­ecules

4-Chloro-2-[(E)-({4-[N-(3,4-dimethyl­isoxazol-5-yl)sulfamo­yl]phen­yl}iminio)meth­yl]phenolate

The title compound, C18H16ClN3O4S, is a Schiff base ligand in which the H atom of the hydr­oxy group has moved to the N atom of the imine group, resulting in a zwitterion. The structure is stabilized by an intra­molecular (N—H⋯O) and five inter­molecular (C—H⋯O, C—H⋯N and N—H⋯O) hydrogen bonds. The mol­ecules are linked to each other by hydrogen bonds and form a three-dimensional polymeric network. In addition, the aromatic rings are also involved in π–π inter­actions [centroid–centroid distance between aromatic rings = 3.7525 (11) Å]

¿Cómo monitorear el movimiento del ganado en un mosaico de áreas boscosas con GPS en combinación con SIG?

El manejo de bosques de Piñon-Juniper (PJ) ocupa más de 30 millones de hectáreas en el oeste de Estados Unidos. Este ecosistema constituye un importante recurso para la producción y conservación de vida silvestre. Sin embargo, estos han cambiado considerablemente los últimos 30 años, principalmente para manejar ganado en pastoreo. El objetivo fue determinar la cobertura de dosel (TCC) y monitorear, durante la primavera, el uso del ganado del paisaje arbolado. El estudio se realizó en una pastura de 146 ha de la zona central de Nuevo México. La TCC de PJ se determinó a partir de ortofotos digitales recientes usando Feature Analyst® para ArcGIS® 9.1. El sitio de estudio fue segmentado en celdas de 1 ha para mapear cobertura arbórea. Ocho vacas, equipadas con GPS, fueron rastreadas durante 31 días a intervalos de 5 min. Una sección de la pastura con cobertura arbórea mayor que 30 % se utilizó para describir la relación distribución de pastoreo y cobertura de dosel. Se encontró una relación exponencial negativa significativa entre TCC y el uso relativo del ganado (y = 450,41e-12,329x). La cubierta arbórea explicó 50,1 % de la variación en la utilización relativa por el ganado de las celdas. La mayoría de las posiciones animales registradas en áreas dominadas por PJ ocurrieron en celdas con 30-50 % de TCC. Una cobertura del dosel de 50 % podría proporcionar un equilibrio adecuado entre la permanencia y el consumo de  forraje para el ganado durante la primavera