Dolfin: Diffusion Layout Transformers without Autoencoder

In this paper, we introduce a novel generative model, Diffusion Layout Transformers without Autoencoder (Dolfin), which significantly improves the modeling capability with reduced complexity compared to existing methods. Dolfin employs a Transformer-based diffusion process to model layout generation. In addition to an efficient bi-directional (non-causal joint) sequence representation, we further propose an autoregressive diffusion model (Dolfin-AR) that is especially adept at capturing rich semantic correlations for the neighboring objects, such as alignment, size, and overlap. When evaluated against standard generative layout benchmarks, Dolfin notably improves performance across various metrics (fid, alignment, overlap, MaxIoU and DocSim scores), enhancing transparency and interoperability in the process. Moreover, Dolfin's applications extend beyond layout generation, making it suitable for modeling geometric structures, such as line segments. Our experiments present both qualitative and quantitative results to demonstrate the advantages of Dolfin

Towards a new avenue for rapid synthesis of electrocatalytic electrodes via laser-induced hydrothermal reaction for water splitting

Highlights Electrodes with NiMoO4 nanosheet arrays were fabricated by rapid laser scanning over nickel foam in a precursor solution. The LIHR method significantly increased the production rate 19 times faster, using only 27.78% of the energy compared to conventional hydrothermal methods. The integrated electrode IE-NiMo-LR exhibits superior hydrogen evolution reaction performance, requiring low overpotentials to achieve high current densities and maintaining stability over 350 h. The IE-NiMo-LR/IE-NiFe-L pair efficiently splits water, needing only 1.55 V to reach 100 mA·cm−2 in 1 M KOH electrolyte.</p

Towards a new avenue for rapid synthesis of electrocatalytic electrodes via laser-induced hydrothermal reaction for water splitting

Electrochemical production of hydrogen from water requires the development of electrocatalysts that are active, stable, and low-cost for water splitting. To address these challenges, researchers are increasingly exploring binder-free electrocatalytic integrated electrodes (IEs) as an alternative to conventional powder-based electrode preparation methods, for the former is highly desirable to improve the catalytic activity and long-term stability for large-scale applications of electrocatalysts. Herein, we demonstrate a laser-induced hydrothermal reaction (LIHR) technique to grow NiMoO _4 nanosheets on nickel foam, which is then calcined under H _2 /Ar mixed gases to prepare the IE IE-NiMo-LR. This electrode exhibits superior hydrogen evolution reaction performance, requiring overpotentials of 59, 116 and 143 mV to achieve current densities of 100, 500 and 1000 mA·cm ^−2 . During the 350 h chronopotentiometry test at current densities of 100 and 500 mA·cm ^−2 , the overpotential remains essentially unchanged. In addition, NiFe-layered double hydroxide grown on Ni foam is also fabricated with the same LIHR method and coupled with IE-NiMo-IR to achieve water splitting. This combination exhibits excellent durability under industrial current density. The energy consumption and production efficiency of the LIHR method are systematically compared with the conventional hydrothermal method. The LIHR method significantly improves the production rate by over 19 times, while consuming only 27.78% of the total energy required by conventional hydrothermal methods to achieve the same production