A narrative review of neuro-ophthalmologic disease in African Americans and Hispanics with multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common non-traumatic cause of disability in young people, with vision loss in the disease representing the second largest contributor to disability. In particular, African-American patients with MS are noted to have lower vision than their Caucasian counterparts. In this review, we examine the disparities in eye diseases in the MS population with our gaps in knowledge and discuss the underlying nature of pathological disparities

European small berries genetic resources, GENBERRY: testing a protocol for detecting fruit nutritional quality in EU strawberry germplasm collections

International audienceThe objective of the EU GENBERRY project is to ensure that agricultural biodiversity of small berries, strawberry and red raspberry, is preserved and characterized for using them in further breeding programs. This project is based on the notion of networking, considering that maximum added-value can only be reached by bringing together otherwise rather scattered competences on techniques of cultivation, phenotypic description, molecular biology, as well as evaluation for health value compounds and disease resistance. This project involves ten partners located in eight European countries (France, Italy, Germany, Great Britain, Lithuania, Poland, Romania and Spain). This paper describes the work finalized to the evaluation of strawberry germplasm fruit nutritional quality, in particular the analytical protocols identified for the study of the bioactive compounds of strawberry accessions and their application and validation in fruit of a cultivar ('Clery') grown in 3 different collections in Europe

Utilization of Visual Acuity Retroilluminated Charts for the Assessment of Afferent Visual System Dysfunction in a Pediatric Neuroimmunology Population

Background: Visual acuity has been a significant outcome measure in clinical trials for patients suffering from neuro-ophthalmological diseases and multiple sclerosis; however, there are limited data on the comparison of various testing strategies in pediatric patients with these disorders. Clinical trials using vision as an outcome could include a variety of tools to assess the acuity, including 2-m and 4-m standardized retroilluminated charts