Effects of Pharmacologic Dose of Resveratrol Supplementation on Oxidative/Antioxidative Status Biomarkers in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Purpose: Despite a proposed role for oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), antioxidant approaches have not been sufficiently investigated in human NAFLD management. Resveratrol has been reported to possess a wide range of biological functions, including antioxidant activities. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of resveratrol supplementation on oxidative/anti-oxidative status in patients with NAFLD. Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 60 patients with NAFLD (males and females) aged 20 to 60 years, and body mass index (BMI) of 25-35 kg/m2. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive a daily dose of 600 mg resveratrol (2×300 mg pure trans-resveratrol capsules; n=30) or placebo capsules (n=30) for 12 wk. Fasting blood samples, anthropometric measurements, and dietary intakes were collected for all patients at baseline and at the end of the trial. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measurement of serum malondialdehyde (MDA), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities. Changes in the outcomes were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results: Resveratrol supplementation did not significantly affect neither serum MDA, ox-LDL, and TAC levels, nor erythrocyte SOD and GSH-Px activities, compared to placebo group (All P>0.05). Moreover, changes in serum levels of liver enzymes (ALT, AST, GGT, and ALP) were not significant in neither of the study groups (All P>0.05). Conclusion: Resveratrol supplementation did not modify oxidative/anti-oxidative status in patients with NAFLD

An analysis of the findings of hysterosalpingography on 1260 cases in Tabriz

Background & Objectives: In spite of rapid development and arrival of newer medical imaging modalities such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, hysterosalpingography (HSG) has a great role among imaging techniques because of its enormous advantages. HSG is the standard screening test for the diagnosis of tubal infertility and can provide useful information about the uterine cavity. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the value of HSG in the evaluation of infertility and to diagnose the tubo-uterine causes of infertility in Tabriz. Methods: In current study, 1260 patients were investigated for infertility by HSG, patients of both primary and secondary infertility were included except those who have history of acute pelvic infection and allergy to contrast media. This study was conducted at Day Medical Imaging Center in Tabriz-IRAN. Results: HSG outlined normal uterus cavity, normal tube bilaterally with peritoneal spill in 1045 patients (82.94%) and 215 cases (17.06%) were detected with abnormalities. Among these patients, 78 cases (36.28%) detected with normal uterine shape and block of one tube, 32 (14.88%) patients shows both tubal blockages with normal uterus. There was bicurnate uterus in one patient (0.47%) with blockage of both tubes.  Conclusion: The most common abnormal finding was normal uterus cavity with block of one or both tubes. Prevention of the pelvic inflammatory diseases, on time diagnosis and treatment of genital infectious, avoiding unnecessary pelvic surgeries, healthcare improvement and increasing the knowledge of society are the important decreasing factors in the women infertility

Estimation of Secondary Skin Cancer Risk Due To Electron Contamination in 18-MV LINAC-Based Prostate Radiotherapy

Introduction Accurate estimation of the skin-absorbed dose in external radiation therapy is essential to estimating the probability of secondary carcinogenesis induction Materials and Methods Electron contamination in prostate radiotherapy was investigated using the Monte Carlo (MC) code calculation. In addition, field size dependence of the skin dose was assessed. Excess cancer risk induced by electron contamination was determined for the skin, surface dose, and prostate dose-volume histogram (DVH) using MC calculation and analytical methods. Results MC calculations indicated that up to 80% of total electron contamination fluence was produced in the linear accelerator. At 5 mm below the skin surface, surface dose was estimated at 6%, 13%, 27%, and 38% for 5×5 cm2, 10×10 cm2, 20×20 cm2, and 40×40 cm2 field sizes, respectively. Relative dose at Dmax was calculated at 0.92% and 5.42% of the maximum dose for 5×5 cm2 and 40×40 cm2 field sizes, respectively. Excess absolute skin cancer risk was obtained at 2.96×10-4 (PY) -1 for total 72 Gy. Differences in prostate and skin DVHs were 1.01% and 1.38%, respectively. Conclusion According to the results of this study, non-negligible doses are absorbed from contaminant electrons by the skin, which is associated with an excess risk of cancer induction

Fetal cardiac rhabdomyoma: case report

Background: The primary manifestation of cardiac tumors in embryonic period is a very rare condition. Cardiac rhabdomyomas most frequently arise in the ventricular myocardium, they may also occur in the atria and the epicardial surface. In spite of its benign nature, the critical location of the tumor inside the heart can lead to lethal arrhythmias and chamber obstruction. Multiple rhabdomyomas are strongly associated with tuberous sclerosis which is associated with mental retardation and epilepsy of variable severity. Ultrasonography as a part of routine prenatal screening, is the best method for the diagnosis of cardiac rhabdomyomas. In the review of articles published in Iran, fetal cardiac rhabdomyoma was not reported. Case presentation: We report a case of cardiac rhabdomyoma on a 24-year-old gravid 1, referred to Day Medical Imaging Center for routine evaluation of fetal abnormalities at 31 weeks of her gestational age. Ultrasonographic examination displayed a homogenous echogenic mass (13×9mm), originating from the left ventricle of the fetal heart. It was a normal pregnancy without any specific complications. Other organs of the fetus were found normal and no cardiac abnormalities were appeared. No Pericardial fluid effusion was found. The parents did not have consanguineous marriage. They did not also have any specific disease such as tuberous sclerosis. Conclusion: The clinical features of cardiac rhabdomyomas vary widely, depending on the location, size, and number of tumors in the heart. Although cardiac rhabdomyoma is a benign tumor in many affected fetuses, an early prenatal diagnosis of the tumor is of great significance in making efficient planning and providing adequate follow up visits of the patients and the complications such as, heart failure and outlet obstruction of cardiac chambers

A Case Report of Secondary Infertility Due to Retained Surgical Gauze

Background and Objectives: One of the rare side effects of abdominal and pelvic surgery is retained surgical instruments or dressings in the site of surgery. Secondary infertility due to retained foreign body in the pelvis is also one of the rare cases.   Case Report: The case was a 40 year old para 1 woman with vaginal delivery without history of infertility, who had undergone myomectomy due to uterine fibroids. After the surgery, she presented with secondary infertility to the imaging center for hysterosalpingography in order to examine the uterus and uterine tubes. In the hysterosalpingography examination, the uterus cavity had normal shape and size, and right fallopian tube was blocked at the distal end and the left fallopian tube was blocked at the proximal end. In addition to the above findings, a suspicious image of a foreign body, was observed in the pelvis. In pelvic CT scan, the presence of a surgical gauze in the pelvic cavity and fallopian tube obstruction, were was confirmed. Since there is always the possibility of remaining foreign body in the surgical site, the control of surgical instruments by surgery team is necessary. The radiologist should also consider this possibility in diagnosis process.   &nbsp

Monte Carlo modeling of the Yttrium-90 nanospheres application in the liver radionuclide therapy and organs doses calculation

Using the nano-scaled radionuclides in the radionuclide therapy significantly reduces the particles trapping in the organs vessels and avoids thrombosis formations. Additionally, uniform distribution in the target organ may be another benefit of the nanoradionuclides in the radionuclide therapy. Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to model a mathematical humanoid phantom and the liver cells of the simulated phantom were filled with the 90Y nanospheres. Healthy organs doses, fatal and nonfatal risks of the surrounding organs were estimated. The estimations and calculations were made in four different distribution patterns of the radionuclide seeds. Maximum doses and risks estimated for the surrounding organs were obtained in the high edge concentrated distribution model of the liver including the nanoradionuclides. For the dose equivalent, effective dose, fatal and non-fatal risks, the values obtained as 7.51E-03 Sv/Bq, 3.01E-01 Sv/Bq, and 9.16E-01 cases/104 persons for the bladder, colon, and kidney of the modeled phantom, respectively. The mentioned values were the maximum values among the studied modeled distributions. Maximum values of Normal Tissue Complication Probability for the healthy organs calculated as 5.9-8.9 %. Result of using nanoparticles of the 90Y provides promising dosimetric properties in MC simulation results considering non-toxicity reports for the radionuclide