Incorporating inventories into supply and demand analysis

While the paper lacks a formal abstract, it draws the important distinction between stocks and flows in supply and demand to better understand the business cycle

The effect of executive walk rounds on nurse safety climate attitudes: A randomized trial of clinical units

BACKGROUND: Executive walk rounds (EWRs) are a widely used but unstudied activity designed to improve safety culture in hospitals. Therefore, we measured the impact of EWRs on one important part of safety culture – provider attitudes about the safety climate in the institution. METHODS: Randomized study of EWRs for 23 clinical units in a tertiary care teaching hospital. All providers except physicians participated. EWRs were conducted at each unit by one of six hospital executives once every four weeks for three visits. Providers were asked about their concerns regarding patient safety and what could be done to improve patient safety. Suggestions were tabulated and when possible, changes were made. Provider attitudes about safety climate measured by the Safety Climate Survey before and after EWRs. We report mean scores, percent positive scores (percentage of providers who responded four or higher on a five point scale (agree slightly or agree strongly), and the odds of EWR participants agreeing with individual survey items when compared to non-participants. RESULTS: Before EWRs the mean safety climate scores for nurses were similar in the control units and EWR units (78.97 and 76.78, P = 0.458) as were percent positive scores (64.6% positive and 61.1% positive). After EWRs the mean safety climate scores were not significantly different for all providers nor for nurses in the control units and EWR units (77.93 and 78.33, P = 0.854) and (56.5% positive and 62.7% positive). However, when analyzed by exposure to EWRs, nurses in the control group who did not participate in EWRs (n = 198) had lower safety climate scores than nurses in the intervention group who did participate in an EWR session (n = 85) (74.88 versus 81.01, P = 0.02; 52.5% positive versus 72.9% positive). Compared to nurses who did not participate, nurses in the experimental group who reported participating in EWRs also responded more favorably to a majority of items on the survey. CONCLUSION: EWRs have a positive effect on the safety climate attitudes of nurses who participate in the walk rounds sessions. EWRs are a promising tool to improve safety climate and the broader construct of safety culture

The short-and long-run marginal cost curve: a pedagogical note

The brief paper lacks an abstract, but clarifies a point of considerable confusion among students of economics

Amenities and the labor earnings function

I was unable to copy/paste the abstract, but the paper argues that amenities exert an important effect on wage differentials over space. Indeed, we show that as much has half of the apparent effect of unionization on wages is actually compensation for less desirable climate in locations that are most unionized

Slope versus elasticity and the burden of taxation

While there was no abstract for this brief paper, it clarifies for students that demand and supply slopes convey the burden of taxation discussion at least as well as does the more typical discussion employing elasticities

The short-and long-run marginal cost curve: a pedagogical note

The brief paper lacks an abstract, but clarifies a point of considerable confusion among students of economics

The short-and long-run marginal cost curve: a pedagogical note

The brief paper lacks an abstract, but clarifies a point of considerable confusion among students of economics.short-run marginal cost; long-run marginal cost; economic education