Pengaruh Frekuensi Penghisapan Darah Terhadap Perkembangan, Reproduksi,vertilitas Dan Rasio Sex Aedes Aegypti

Aedes aegypti is a vector of Dengue hemorrhagic fever in Indonesia. Aedesaegypti has a high reproduction ability. Each individual can produce 50-100 eggs. Which80% of them are fertile. The mosquito is multiple biting (which means each individualsucks blood several time). Based on that background, this research was aimed torecognize the frequency of blood sucking to development, reproduction, fertility, and sexratio of Ae. aegypti. Thirty Ae. aegypti mosquito were put into the plastic cupsindividually, then fed with mammals. The treatments were the first, second, third, fourth,and fifth blood sucking. The eggs produced in each blood sucking were hatched andmaintain to become mosquitoes. The parameter measured from each blood sucking istotal egg production, egg fertility, larvae mortality, pupae mortality, and sex ratio. Theresult of the research shows that the frequency of blood sucking affects the production ofegg fertility, but does not affect the total egg production, larvae mortality, pupaemortality, and sex ratio significantly.Key words: sex ratio, egg fertility, reproduction Aedes aegypti adalah vektor Demam berdarah dengue di Indonesia. Ae aegyptimempunyai kemampuan berkembang biak dengan cepat. Setiap individu mempunyaikemampuan menghasilkan telur 50 sampai 100 ekor skali bertclur. Ae. aegypti bersifat multibiting, masing-masing individu mempunyai kemampuan menghisap darah beberapa kali dalamkurun waktu tertentu. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut tujuan penelitian ini adalahmendapatkan pengaruh frekuensi penghisapan darah terhadap perkembangan reproduksi,fcrtilitas, dan rasio sex dari Ae. aegypti. Ae aegypti dimasukkan ke dalam cup plastik secaraindividual, kemudian diberikan darah mamalia selama kurang lebih 3 menit. Pemberian darahdilakukan secara bertahap yaitu pemberian darah pertama, kedua, ketiga, ke empat, dan ke limaTelur-telur yang dihasilkan pada masing-masing penghisapan darah di tetaskan dan dipeliharasampai menjadi nyamuk. Parameter penelitian adalah total telur, fertilitas telur, kematian jentik,kematian pupa, dan rasio sex. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan frekuensi penghisapan darahberpengaruh pada fertilitas telur, tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap produksi telur, kematianjentik, kematian pupa, dan rasio sex

Pengaruh Sumber Nutrisi Terhadap Umur Vektor Demam Berdarah Dengue Aedes Aegypti Di Laboratorium

ENGLISHAedes aegypti is a major vector of DHF in several areas of Indonesia. The longetivity of Ae. aegypti female mosquitoes could be up to 10 days nature. Whereas in laboratorium condition, they could survive for 2 months by feeding on sugar water and blood. Based on that background, this research is intended to find out the influence of the nutrition sources. Such as sugar solution, vitamin solution and blood of rabbit. As a control, nutrition will not be given at all. The death procentage of the mosquitoes was examined every day until the death reached up to 100%. The result showed that there was no significant difference between giving variations of sugar solution, vitamin and blood toward the longivity at Ae. aegypti. The 100% mortality of female mosquitos, fed on sugar solution, vitamin, blood and the control were observed on 22 days, 20 days, 18 days and 13 daysINDONESIAAedes aegypti merupakan vektor utama Demam Berdarah Dangue ( DBD) di beberapa darah di Indonesia. Umur nyamuk Ae. aegypti betina di alam dapat mencapai 10 hari, sedangkan pada kondisi laboratorium Ae. aegypti dapat bertahan hidup selama 2 bulan dengan menggunakan nutrisi berupa air gula dan darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sumber nutrisi yang berupa larutan gula, larutan vitamin (provit) dan darah terhadap umur nyamuk Ae. aegypti. Nyamuk Ae. aegypti jantan dan betina di masukkan di dalam gelas plastik. Nyamuk Ae. aegypti diberikan beberapa variasi perlakuan yaitu nutrisi yang berupa larutan gula, larutan vitamin (provit), dan darah marmut. Sebagai kontrol tidak diberikan nutrisi apapun. Persentase kematian nyamuk diamati tiap hari sampai kematian mencapai 100%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata antara pemberian variasi nutrisi larutan gula, vitamin, dan darah terhadap umur Ae. aegypti. Kematian 100% pada nyamuk betina yang diberi nutrisi gula, vitamin, darah , dan kontrol masing-masing terjadi setelah, 22 hari, 20 hari, 18 hari dan 13 hari

Pelatihan Pengendalian Vektor Demam Berdarah Dengue di Kabupaten Sukoharjo

Partisipasi masyarakat melalui peran kader PSN membutuhkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang cukup. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memberikan pelatihan bagi kader PSN dengan tujuan untuk menilai peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kader PSN tentang DBD. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian operasional dengan responden seluruh kader PSN yang ditunjuk oleh RT/RW setempat. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji beda antara sebelum dan sesudah intervensi.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata nilai pengetahuan kader PSN tentang DBD mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan dibandingkan sebelum intervensi dengan nilai t sebesar -13,543 dengan nilai signifikansi pada dua sisi (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 (p0,05). Terjadinya penurunan nilai keterampilan kader PSN dalam pemantauan jentik perlu dilakukan penyegaran kembali secara berkala untuk pengendalian DBD khususnya yang dapat dilakukan oleh masyarakat.Kata Kunci : Pelatihan, Kader PSN, DBDAbstractCommunity participation through role PSN cadres needs sufficient knowledge and skills. This study conducted training for PSN cadres with the goal to assess the improvement of knowledge and skills of PSN cadres about dengue. This was operational research with total sampling of PSN cadres designated by the RT/RW. Data analysis was performed by premises difference test between before and after intervention. The results showed an average value of knowledge about dengue PSN cadre has increased significantly compared to before the intervention with t values: -13.543 with significance values on the two sides (2-tailed): 0.000 (p0.05). The result of the research showed that PSN cadres knowledge and skill dengue control is tend to decrease, therefore it is suggested to do periodical skill refresment for PSN cadres.Keywords : Capacity building, PSN Cadres, DH

Pengaruh Radiasi Sinar Gamma Co-60 Terhadap Sterilitas Dan Perkembangan Embrio Culex Quinquefasciatus

Teknik Serangga Mandul merupakan teknik pengendalian vektor yang ramah lingkungan dan spesifi target. Aplikasi Teknik Serangga Mandul dalam pengendalian Cx quinquefasciatus belum pernah dilakukan di Indonesia, sehingga perlu uji pendahuluan sebelum aplikasi ke alam. Penelitian bertujuanmenentukan dosis optimal iradiasi sinar gamma Co-60 yang dapat mensterilkan dan berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan embrio Culex quinquefasciatus. Pupa jantan diradiasi dengan sinar gamma pada dosis 50 Gy, 50 Gy, 60 Gy, dan 70 Gy. Radiasi di lakukan di BATAN Jakarta. Nyamuk jantan yang muncul dari pupa kemudian di kawinkan dengan betina normal. Hasil perkawinan diamati sterilitas telur dan perkembangan embrio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sinar gamma Co-60 dosis 40 Gy, 50 Gy, 60 Gy, dan 70 Gy menyebabkan sterilitas telur yang dihasilkan 20,919%, 48,995%, 89,48%, dan 100%.Perlakuan dosis 40 Gy menghasilkan telur steril dengan 29,39% mengandung embrio dan 70,66% tidak mengandung embrio. Perlakuan dosis 50 Gy menghasilkan telur steril dengan 16,71% mengandung embrio dan 86,56% tidak mengandung embrio. Perlakuan dosis 60 Gy 9,35% telur steril mengandungembrio dan 90,64% tidak mengandung embrio. Perlakukan dosis 70 Gy 100 % telur yang dihasilkan steril dan tidak mengandung embrio. Dosis optimal yang dapat mensterilkan dan berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan embrio Culex quinquefasciatus adalah dosis 70 Gy.Kata kunci : Teknik Serangga Mandul, Culex quinquefasciatus dan sterilitasAbstractSterile Insect Tecnique is a vector control techniques that are environmentally safe and specifi targets. SIT application in the control of Cx quinquefasciatus has never been done in Indonesia, so we need a preliminary test before application to the nature. The aim of the study are to determine the optimal dose of gamma Co-60 radiation to sterilize and effect develop of embrio Culex quinquefasciatus. Male pupae radiated with gamma rays at a dose of 50 Gy, 50 Gy, 60 Gy, and 70 Gy. Radiation conducted in BATAN Jakarta. Male mosquitoes emerging from the pupa then matting with a normal female. Eggs producingfrom matting obserbed for the sterility and embryonic development. The result of the study showed that gamma Co-60 ray dose of 40 Gy, 50 Gy, 60 Gy, and 70 Gy caused sterility of eggs produced 20.919%, 48.995%, 89.48%, and 100%. At a dose of 40 Gy produced sterile eggs containing embryos with 29.39% and 70.66% does not contain an embryo. At a dose of 50 Gy produced sterile eggs containing embryos with 16.71% and 86.56% does not contain an embryo. At a dose of 60 Gy 9.35% sterile eggs containing embryos and 90.64% does not contain an embryo. Dose of 70 Gy 100% of eggs produced sterile anddoes not contain an embryo. Thus, the optimal dose to sterilize and effect on embryo development Culex quinquefasciatus is a dose of 70 Gy.Keywords : Sterile Insect Technique, Culex quinquefasciatus, Sterilit

Pengaruh Aplikasi Teknik Serangga Mandul (Tsm) terhadap Sterilitas Telur dan Penurunan Populasi Vektor Demam Berdarah Aedes Aegypti di Daerah Sub Urban Endemis Dbd di Salatiga

Teknik Serangga Mandul (TSM) adalah teknik pengendalian vektor yang ramah lingkungan dan spesifik target. Adanya resistensi vektor mendorong dikembangkan TSM dalam mengurangi populasi vektor. Salah satu parameter penurunanvektor dapat dilihat dari telur steril. Telur steril adalah telur yang tidak mengandung embrio dan biasa disebut telur mandul. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi TSM terhadap peningkatan telur mandul danpenurunan populasi Ae. aegypti. Penelitian dilakukan di daerah pemukiman penduduk Kota Salatiga pada tahun 2012. Ae. aegypti jantan diiradiasi menggunakan sinar gamma cobalt-60 (70 Gy) dan dilakukan di BATAN Jakarta. Pelepasan Ae. aegypti jantan mandul dilakukan sebanyak lima kali, satu minggu sekali. Banyaknnya nyamuk yang dilepaskan adalah 45 ekor tiap rumah. Parameter yang diukur adalah presentase telur mandul sebelum dan sesudah aplikasi TSM dan penurunan populasi Ae. aegypti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa presentase telur mandul yang dihasilkan diluar rumah setelah pelepasan jantan mandul pertama, kedua, ketiga, keempat dan kelima adalah 72,15%, 49,55%, 87,69%, 61,93%, and 50,89%. Presentase telur mandul di dalam rumah setelah pelepasan pertama, kedua, ketiga, keempat, dan kelima adalah 67,53%, 100%, 72,36%, 57,93%, dan 94,05%. Pelepasan jantan mandul sebanyak lima kali telah menyebabkan populasi Ae. aegypti di luar dan dalam rumah turun menjadi 89,25% dan 49,21%. Kata kunci: TSM, telur mandul, Ae. aegyptiAbstractSterile Insect Technique (SIT) is a vector control method which is safe to the environment and directed to specific target. The vector resistance against insecticide encourage the application of SIT in an effort to reduce the mosquitopopulations. Indicators and parameters of the population can be determined by the percentage of eggs sterility. Sterile egg is that does not contain embryo and usually called barren egg and does not hatch. The aim of the study was todetermine the effect of SIT on increasing percentage eggs sterility followed by reducing Aedes aegypti population. The Study had been carried out in the residential area of Salatiga in 2012, Central Java. Males Ae. aegypti were irradiated using cobalt-60 gamma ray (70 Gy) and was done in BATAN Jakarta. Sterile male Ae.aegypti were released five times,once a week. A number of 45 Ae.aegypti sterile males were released in each target house. Parameters measured were percentage of eggs sterile before and after aplication of sterile male, and reducing Ae.aegypti population. The results showed the percentage of sterile eggs produced outdoor after the release of sterile males from the first, second, third,fourth, and fifth were, 72.15%, 49.55%, 87.69%, 61.93%, and 50.89%. The sterile of the indoor eggs after the release of sterile males from the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth, were 67.53%, 100%, 72.36%, 57.93%, and 94.05%. The release of sterile males five times has affected the populations of Ae. aegypti outdoor and indoor reduced to to 89.25% and 49.21%.Keywords: SIT, sterility eggs, Ae. aegypt

Aplikasi Teknik Serangga Mandul (Tsm) Terhadap Sterilitas Telur Dan Penurunan Populasi Aedes Aegypti Di Daerah Urban Kota Salatiga

Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is a vector control method which safe to the environment and directed to specific target. The resistance vector against insecticide encourage the aplication of TSM in an effort to reduce the mosquito population. Indicators and parameters of the population can be determined by the percentage of eggs sterility. Sterile egg is an egg that does not contain an embryo and usually called barren egg and does not hatch. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of application SIT on increasing eggs sterility followed by reducing Ae. aegypti population. The study had been carried out in the residential area of Salatiga in 2012, Central Java. Sterile males Ae. aegypti were performed five times, once a week. A number of 45 Ae. aegypti sterile males were released in each target house. Males Ae. aegypti were irradiated using cobalt-60 gamma rays (70 Gy) and was done in BATAN Jakarta. Parameters measured were sterility of eggs collected indoors and outdoors of the target houses before and after the aplication of SIT using egg traps (ovitrap).Results showed that the sterility of eggs produced outdoor before application in the treatment area was 9.14%, while after the treatment the egg sterility gradually increased over 5 times during the applications, from 56.27 to 93.25%. Mean egg sterility in the control area was 29.57%. Egg sterility indoor before the application of SIT was 12.04%, whereas after 5 times treatment gradually increased from 37.26 to 96.09 %. Mean sterility of eggs in the control area was 35.27%. Aedes aegypti population in the environment reduced into 15.89-15.95%. Results showed that 5 times SIT applications resulted of Ae.aegypti eggs sterility indoor and outdoor was 96.09% and 93.25% respectively and the Ae.aegypti population in the environment was reduced 15.89-15.95%Keywords: Sterile insect technique, sterility eggs, Ae.aegyptiAbstrakTeknik Serangga Mandul (TSM) merupakan teknik pengendalian vektor ramah lingkungan dan spesifik target. Resistensi vektor terhadap insektisida mendorong dikembangkan TSM guna mengurangi populasi. Indikator dan parameter penurunan dapat diukur dari persentase telur steril. Telur steril merupakan merupakan telur yang tidak mengandung embrio dan biasa disebut telur mandul. Penelitian untuk mengetahuipengaruh aplikasi TSM terhadap peningkatan telur mandul dan penurunan populasi Ae. aegypti,telah dilakukan di daerah pemukiman penduduk kota Salatiga pada tahun 2012. Pelepasan Ae. aegypti jantan mandul dilakukan sebanyak lima kali, satu minggu sekali. Dilepaskan sebanyak 45 ekor Ae. aegypti jantan mandul tiap rumah. Ae. aegypti jantan mandul diiradiasi menggunakan sinar gamma cobalt-60 (70 Gy) dan dilakukan diBATAN Jakarta. Parameter diukur adalah telur mandul di dalam dan luar rumah sebelum dan sesudah aplikasiTSM menggunakan perangkap telur (ovitrap). Telur mandul dihasilkan di luar rumah sebelum aplikasi di daerah perlakuan adalah 9,14%, sedangkan kemandulan di daerah perlakuan secara bertahap meningkat selama 5 kali aplikasi yaitu56,27 93,25%. Rerata telur mandul di daerah pembanding adalah 29,57%. Telur mandul di dalam rumah sebelum aplikasi TSM adalah 12,04%, sedangkan dalam 5 kali pelepasan secara bertahap meningkat dari 37,26 - 96,09%. Rerata telur mandul di daerah pembanding adalah 35,27%. Populasi Ae.aegypti di alam menjadi 15,89-15,95%. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa 5 kali aplikasi TSM sterilitas telur Ae.aegypti di dalam dan di luar rumah adalah 96,09% dan 93,25%. Populasi Ae.aegypti di alam menjadi 15,89-15,95%Kata kunci: Teknik Serangga Mandul, telur mandul, Ae. aegypt