Direct computations of marangoni driven flows using a volume of fluid method

The volume of fluid (VoF) interface tracking methods have been used for simulating a wide range of interfacial flows. An improved accuracy of the surface tension force computation has enabled the VoF method to become widely used for simulating flows driven by the surface tension force. A general methodology for the inclusion of variable surface tension coefficient into a VoF based Navier-Stokes solver is developed. This new numerical model provides a robust and accurate method for computing the surface gradients directly by finding the tangent directions on the interface using height functions. The implementation applies to both temperature and concentration dependent surface tension coefficient, along with the setups involving a large jump in the temperature between the fluid and its surrounding, as well as the situations where the concentration should be strictly confined to the fluid domain, such as the mixing of fluids with different surface tension coefficients. The accuracy and convergence of the surface gradient computation are presented for various geometries, and for a classical problem of the thermocapillary migration of bubbles. The study of several applications of variable surface tension flows is presented, such as the breakup of liquid metal films and filaments, and the coalescence of drops characterized by different surface tension

Modelling of marketing strategies for the single markets vs marketing strategy for the global market: Case study mobiExplore

A successful treating of a single, national, market through new challenges of marketing management is notably different than treating of the global market. The paper provides the case study of Gideon Multimedia, IT firm from Croatia. The company’s main product is mobiExplore, touristic guide platform for mobile phones. The application could be adapted to different marketplaces - global and national, for different countries. Because of different dynamic of the growth of national mobile markets even the global marketing strategy for the mobiExplore applications needs to be adapted to each national case. Establishing of the national strategy needs to be adapted through market research of the local market. The paper argues that customized for UK market mobiExplore solutions has proved correct and indicate on advantages of the company’s marketing strategies for single market.Marketing, strategies, product, tourism, mobiExplore., Marketing, L86, M30,

The 17th European carabidologists meeting - continuity in exploring diversity of carabids in relation with current changes in the environment

The 17th European Carabidologists Meeting (17th ECM) was organised in 2015, and for the first time in Croatia. This was a great honour and privilege to join the 12 European countries that have already hosted these distinguished meetings. 48 years have passed since the first meeting was held in Wijster in the Netherlands (1), organised by the Dutch famous ecologist Piet den Boer. The 17th ECM was attended by 112 participants including organisation team members, coming from 21 European countries and form Canada

Determinants of Intra-Firm Trade:Evidence from Foreign Affliates in Sub-Saharan Africa

By exploiting a unique sample of foreign affliates in Sub-Saharan Africa, we study previously examined and unexamined firm-level determinants of intra-firm trade. We document that foreign affliates engaging in intra-firm trade are relatively few and that the majority of these also engage in trade at arm's length, which accounts for an important fraction of their total trade. The identified firm-level determinants of intra-firm trade are consistent with property rights and intangible assets theories of the multinational firm, with international production hierarchies theories, as well as with theories of different FDI types and of multinational activity under credit constraints

With a little help from my friends: Supplying to multinationals, buying from multinationals, and domestic firm performance

This paper uses firm level data for 19 African countries to look at the link between domestic firms' business relationship with multinationals and their performance in terms of innovation and productivity. Quite uniquely, we also evaluate the importance of support received by the domestic firm, either from the government or the multinational business partner, for this link. Overall, our data analysis shows that for the average domestic firm, supplying to a foreign multinational in the country (the backward linkage) is positively associated with product innovation. Buying from a multinational (the forward linkage) is positively associated with labor productivity. These results are independent of any type of support from the government or multinationals. We also find that domestic firms' process innovation activity is only positively associated with supplying a multinational if the firm also receives assistance from the government or multinational. Furthermore, we find that supplying a multinational is only positively associated with domestic firms' productivity if the firm received technology transfer from the multinational customers

Sustainability in hospitality marketing during the covid-19 pandemic. Content analysis of consumer empirical research

This study performs content analysis of consumer empirical research dealing with sustainability issues in hospitality marketing literature during the outbreak of COVID-19. Papers published in the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) ranked hospitality journals from January 2020 up to and including May 2021 are reviewed. The total of 46 papers met the search criteria and were subject to content analysis. The reviewed papers are classified based on research topics, variables, and themes; method and study design; data analysis; sample; industry; and location. Consumer perceptions are the dominant research theme, followed by technology innovation, communication and media, consumer emotions and psychological conditions, and other themes. Quantitative research is the main method with online surveys mostly used for study design. Analysis of moderation/mediation is the most frequently employed analytical method, whereas the majority of investigated samples have more than 300 cases. The restaurant industry received the highest attention, followed by hotel and other lodging industries, while the USA and Greater China are the most investigated geographical areas. Research findings are discussed according to the identified research themes and specific directions for future research are provided

Ecology and distribution of ground beetles in an isolated forest ecosystem of Medvednica Mountain.

Ziel der Arbeit war es, Carabiden aus einer Aufsammlung am zentralen Profil des Medvednica Gebirges zu bestimmen und ihr Vorkommen in unterschiedlichen Forstgesellschaften abhängig von verschiedenen ökologischen Faktoren, wie Anzahl der Pflanzenarten, Höhe über NN, Hangneigung, Himmelsrichtung, pH-Wert des Bodens, Kronendichte, Blattflächenindex, Abfluss-Konzentrations-Potenzial, Pb-, Cd-, Zn-, Cu-, Ca-Konzentration und Gehalt des Bodens an organischer Substanz zu dokumentieren. Laufkäfer wurden mit je sechs an einem Süd- und einem Nordhang vertikal zwischen Gipfel und Basis des Gebirges verteilten Bodenfallen gesammelt. Zur Berechnung der Biodiversität und der Habitatbindung in Abhängigkeit der ermittelten ökologischen Faktoren wurden Indizes berechnet und RDA-Analysen durchgeführt. Es wurden 43 Arten von Carabiden festgestellt. Zwischen den Proben variierten Artenreichtum und Individuenzahl stark. Die höchste Biodiversität wurde für die in einer Chrysanthemo macrophylli – Aceretum pseudoplatani-Forstgesellschaft gelegene Probefläche (Shannon-Wiener Index = 3,7) festgestellt. Die niedrigste für einen Luzulo – Fagetum sylvaticae-Biotop (2,7), der auch durch den niedrigsten pH-Wert und die geringste Pflanzendiversität charakterisiert war. Cluster-Analysen entdeckten Differenzen zwischen den Carabidenproben vom Nord- und Südhang des Medvednica. Einige Arten, wie Carabus convexus, Notiophilus rufipes und Carabus intricatus wurden ausschließlich am Südhang gefangen. Im Gegensatz dazu wurden Carabus irregularis, Notiophilus biguttatus, Molops elatus, Platyderus rufus und alle Pterostichus-Arten ausschließlich am Nordhang gesammelt. Unter allen analysierten ökologischen Faktoren hatten die Temperatur, der pH-Wert des Bodens und der Reichtum an Pflanzenarten den größten Einfluss auf die räumliche Verteilung der Laufkäfer im Untersuchungsgebiet.The objective of the study was to determine the assemblage of carabids on the centre profile of Medvednica mountain, and their distribution in different forest communities according to various ecological factors: numbers of plant species, altitude, slope, aspect, soil acidity, canopy openness, leaf area index, flow accumulation potential, Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Ca concentrations and portion of soil organic matter. Ground beetles were sampled by pitfall traps on six plots that were vertically distributed, from bottom to top of the mountain on southern and northern slopes. For calculating biodiversity and habitat preferences according to available ecological factors, diversity indices were calculated, and RDA analyses was performed respectively. 43 species of carabids were recorded, with great differences in species richness and number of their specimens between plots. The greatest biodiversity was recorded for plot placed in Chrysanthemo macrophylli – Aceretum pseudoplatani forest community (according to Shannon-Wiener index = 3,7) and the lowest for plot placed in Luzulo – Fagetum sylvaticae (2,7) with the lowest pH and plant species diversity. Cluster analyses revealed differences in carabid assemblage between southern and northern slope of Medvednica. Some species like Carabus convexus, Notiophilus rufipes and Carabus intricatus were found exclusively on southern slope of mountain, in contrary to Carabus irregularis, Notiophilus biguttatus, Molops elatus, Platyderus rufus and all of the collected species of the genus Pterostichus recorded exclusively on northern parts of mountain. Among all analysed ecological factors, temperature, soil acidity and plant species richness had the greatest influence on spatial distribution of carabids across investigated area

Jobs, FDI and Institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from Firm-Level Data

Using firm-level data, we study the differences in the quantity and quality of jobs offered by foreign-owned and domestic firms in Sub-Saharan Africa, and identify how country-level institutional factors determine these differences. After controlling for numerous firm-level characteristics in regressions, we find that foreign-owned firms, especially those whose main business purpose is to serve the home or foreign markets, offer more stable and secure jobs than domestic firms. Specifically, they have more permanent full-time workers, a lower probability of offering temporary work and employ less temporary workers. The job stability and security advantage of foreign-owned firms is smaller in countries with higher firing costs and governance quality, where domestic firms are induced to offer more stable and secure jobs. In addition, foreign-owned firms are less likely to offer unpaid work and have less of these workers. They also invest more in training, especially of managers, and pay higher wages to non-production and managerial workers, particularly those firms whose main business purpose is to serve the home or foreign markets. A higher wage to production workers is paid only by those whose owners are from high-income countries. The wage premia of foreign-owned firms are lower in countries with higher governance and social policy standards, where domestic firms are induced to pay higher wages