Abnormal Ocular Pneumoplethysmographic Results in Unilateral Neovascular Glaucoma.

Little is known about the predictive value of ocular pneumoplethysmography in patients with ophthalmic disease. We evaluated eight patients with unilateral increased intraocular pressure due to neovascular glaucoma who did not have evidence of severe extracranial carotid stenosis by duplex scanning and continuous-wave Doppler ultrasound. The ophthalmic systolic pressure measured by ocular pneumoplethysmography was decreased in the affected eye of all eight patients, indicating that neovascular glaucoma may be a cause of abnormal ocular pneumoplethysmographic results. Patients with neovascular glaucoma tended to have larger interocular ophthalmic systolic pressure differences than other patients with false-positive ocular pneumoplethysmographic results by noninvasive criteria

Immunopathogenesis of Graves' Ophthalmopathy

Clinical Background. Course of Ophthalmopathy. This may occur at any time in relation to thyrotoxicosis and myoxedema. May improve, worsen, or not change with thyrotoxicosis management, and its uncertain relationship to medical, radioactive iodine, and surgical management of thyrotoxicosis

Critical Evaluation of Orbital Blood Flow Techniques

The vascular supply of the orbit, and ultimately the perfusion of the eye, optic nerve, and retina, are of obvious importance to neuro-ophthalmology. In this review, we will examine the circulation of the orbit and anterior afferent visual system

Optical Coherence Tomography: Measuring in Vivo Axonal Survival and Neuro-Protection in Multiple Sclerosis and Optic Neuritis

Optical coherence tomography [OCT] is a relatively new technique initially developed to evaluate in vivo qualitative and quantitative changes of the optic nerve, retinal nerve fiber layer, fovea, and macula. Initial applications of this technology were confined to primary ophthalmologic diseases such as glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and macular degeneration

The Elevated Optic Disc: When OCT Helps and When It Does Not. An Interactive Case Based Approach (video)

The differentiation of acquired optic disc edema representing a pathological process such as papilledema caused by increased intracranial pressure versus a usually benign, pre-existing condition such as optic disc drusen is one of the most classic, and most important, clinical challenges in neuro-ophthalmology, dating back to the days of Harvey Cushing and Llewyns Paton.VBnflaopticalcoherencetomography; KBDburieddrusen; Medical Knowledge; Patient Care; Practice-Based Learning and Improvemen

Slowly Progressive, Partial Third and Sixth Nerve Palsies in a Young Man

DiplopiaA 33-year old male with progressive, oblique, binocular double vision.VA: 20/25 OD, 20/20 OSCTMidbrain lesion; Hemorrhagic infarctXRT; CorticosteroidsAttache

The Developmental PipelineMulti-Color Laser Imaging

After its description in 1991, optical coherence tomography [OCT] has fostered a more complete understanding of the pathological mechanisms of vitreoretinal diseases and has also resulted in similar insights in neuro-ophthalmology, especially in neuro-degenerative syndromes. The most recent advance in retinal imaging involves multicolor laser imaging with OCT cameras. With this technology, the retina and optic nerve are scanned simultaneously with three colored lasers-infrared [815 nanometers, nm] , green [518 nm], and blue [486 nm]

The Elevated Optic Disc: When OCT Helps and When It Does Not. An Interactive Case Based Approach (slideshow)

The differentiation of acquired optic disc edema representing a pathological process such as papilledema caused by increased intracranial pressure versus a usually benign, pre-existing condition such as optic disc drusen is one of the most classic, and most important, clinical challenges in neuro-ophthalmology, dating back to the days of Harvey Cushing and Llewyns Paton.VBnflaopticalcoherencetomography; KBDburieddrusen; Medical Knowledge; Patient Care; Practice-Based Learning and Improvemen

Sheath Fenestration for AION

Because of the bleak natural history described in the most completely documented natural history studies, non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) has been considered to be an irreversible cause of visual loss. While the prognosis of NAION has been agreed upon to be grim, the most carefully examined histopathologic material does not support the concept of an end-stage white matter infarction. These studies demonstrate preservation of a large number of axons, patent blood vessels without evidence of occlusion or recanalization,"" and retrolaminar intraneural edema as well as fluid accumulation within the retrobulbar subarachnoid space

In Vivo Antibody Mediated Optic Nerve Demyelination

Demyelination of the central nervous systemDemyelination of the central nervous system (CNS) without coincident axonal damage is a characteristic pathologic lesion in multiple sclerosis (MS) and in optic neuritis, one of the frequent findings in MS.Sera and concentrated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with acute exacerbations of MS have produced in vitro demyelination of rodent CNS tissue cultures.N/ADemyelinating lesions of the CNSN/A1. Prinaas J: Pathology of the early lesions in multiple sclerosis Human Pathology 6:531-554, 1975. 2. Prineas JW, Raine CS: Electron microscopy and immunoperoxidase studies of early multiple sclerosis lesions. Neurology 26:29-32, 1976. 3. Norton WT: Isolation and characterization of myelin. "Myelin". Edited by P. Morell. New York, Plenum Press, 1977, pp. 161-199. 4. Saida T, Silberberg DH, Fry JM, et.al: Demyelinating anti-galacto-cerebroside antibodies in EAN and EAE. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 36:627, 1977. 5. Fry JM, Weissbarth S, Lehrer GM, et.al: Cerebroside antibody inhibits sulfatide synthesis and myelination and demyelinates in cord tissue cultures Sflifinaa 183:540-542, 197U. 6. Saida K, Saida T, Brown MJ, Silberberg DH: In vivo demyelination induced by intraneural- injection of anti-galactooereboside serium. Am J Pathol. 95:99-116, 1979. 7. Llsak RP, Saida T, Kennedy PGE, et.al: EAE, EAN and galactocerebroside sera bind to oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells. J Neurol Sci 48:287-296, 1980