Study of total antioxidant capacity of red raspberry (Rubus idaeous L.) shoots

BACKGROUND: Today, cardiovascular, oncological, and neurodegenerative diseases are the main causes of death in the world, according to official World Health Organization (WHO) statistics. Antioxidants are used to treat and prevent these diseases. In order to develop optimal technology for obtaining drugs based on plant extracts with antioxidant action, it is necessary to determine the total antioxidant capacity of raspberry shoots. OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to determine the total antioxidant capacity of red raspberry shoots, study the content of biologically active substances (BAS), and the antioxidant activity of red raspberry shoot extracts obtained during subsequent exhaustive extraction. METHODS: The number of phenolic compounds, catechins, flavonoids, and hydroxycinnamic acids was determined by a spectrophotometric analysis method, whereas organic acids were determined by the alkalimetric method in red raspberry shoot extracts; the antioxidant activity of obtained extracts was evaluated by potentiometric method. RESULTS:  The total antioxidant capacity of red raspberry shoots was 164.12 mmol-equiv./m dry weight, the sum of the total content of phenolic compounds was 24.40 mg gallic acid (GA)/mL, catechins – 21.36 mg epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG)/mL, flavonoids – 0.77 mg rutin (R)/mL, hydroxycinnamic acids derivatives – 2.56 mg chlorogenic acid (ChA)/mL and organic acids – 1.88 mg citric acid (CA)/mL in red raspberry shoot extracts obtained during subsequent exhaustive extraction. The analysis showed that there is a very high positive correlation between antioxidant activity and total phenolic compounds, catechin, flavonoid, hydroxycinnamic acids derivatives, and organic acids content in red raspberry shoot extracts. CONCLUSIONS: Total red raspberry shoots' antioxidant capacity has been determined. The study results can be used to develop optimal technology for obtaining drugs based on the extract of red raspberry shoots, which has an antioxidant effect

Metrological Characteristics of the Potentiometric Assay Developed for Determining the Antioxidant Activity of Ascorbic Acid

The potentiometric assay for determining the antioxidant activity of ascorbic acid has been developed and validated according to the following parameters: specificity, linearity, accuracy, repeatability, intermediate precision. The linearity was in the concentration range of 0.002 – 0.02 mol L–1 (r2 = 0.9993). The percentage of recovery was found to be in the range from 95.38 to 105.00 %. The values of %RSD for repeatability and intermediate precision were 1.86 and 1.95 %, respectively. The method is accurate and reliable, with the relative standard deviation of less than 2 %. It has been proven that the method developed is express, rapid, highly sensitive, accurate and sufficiently reliable

Acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock in Ukraine: multicentre registry analysis 2021–2022

BackgroundData on the results and management strategies in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (AMI-CS) in the Low and Lower-Middle Income Countries (LLMICs) are limited. This lack of understanding of the situation partially hinders the development of effective cardiogenic shock treatment programs in this part of the world.Materials and methodsThe Ukrainian Multicentre Cardiogenic Shock Registry was analyzed, covering patient data from 2021 to 2022 in 6 major Ukrainian reperfusion centres from different parts of the country. Analysis was focusing on outcomes, therapeutic modalities and mortality predictors in AMI-CS patients.ResultsWe analyzed data from 221 consecutive patients with CS from 6 hospitals across Ukraine. The causes of CS were ST-elevated myocardial infarction (85.1%), non-ST-elevated myocardial infarction (5.9%), decompensated chronic heart failure (7.7%) and arrhythmia (1.3%), with a total in-hospital mortality rate for CS of 57.1%. The prevalence of CS was 6.3% of all AMI with reperfusion rate of 90.5% for AMI-CS. In 23.5% of cases, CS developed in the hospital after admission. Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) utilization was 19.9% using intra-aortic balloon pump alone. Left main stem occlusion, reperfusion deterioration, Charlson Comorbidity Index >4, and cardiac arrest were found to be independent predictors for hospital mortality in AMI-СS.ConclusionsDespite the wide adoption of primary percutaneous coronary intervention as the main reperfusion strategy for AMI, СS remains a significant problem in LLMICs, associated with high in-hospital mortality. There is an unmet need for the development and implementation of a nationwide protocol for CS management and the creation of reference CS centers based on the country-wide reperfusion network, equipped with modern technologies for MCS

Study of the Monosaccharide Composition of Water-soluble Polysaccharide Complexes and Pectic Substances of Pimpinella Anisum Herbs

In the study of the pharmacological activity of WSPC and pectin substances isolated from the Pimpinella anisum herbs, it was found that pectin substances are practically non-toxic and exhibit a pronounced laxative effect, not inferior to the comparison drug «Senadex».The aim of the work. The study of the monosaccharide composition of water-soluble polysaccharide complexes and pectin substances isolated from Pimpinella anisum herbs.Materials and methods. For analysis, we used Pimpinella anisum herbs, harvested in the summer of 2019 in Kharkov. The study was carried out by liquid chromatography on an Agilent 1290 liquid chromatograph, detection was refractometric.Results and discussion. WSPC isolated from the Pimpinella anisum herbs contain two monosaccharides - glucose and ramnose. Rhamnose with a content of 215.5 mg / g is the dominant sugar, glucose is present in a much smaller amount - 17.5 mg / g. The glucose content in PS is approximately the same - 12.3 mg / g. Moreover, in pectins in the absence of ramnose, the presence of galactose and arabinose in the amount of 59.8 mg / g and 69.5 mg / g, respectively, was established.Conclusions. Using liquid chromatography, the presence of two monosaccharides in WSPC and three monosaccharides in pectin isolated from Pimpinella anisum herbs was establishe