29 research outputs found
Multipolar theory of black-body radiation shift of atomic energy levels and its implications for optical lattice clocks
A black-body radiation (BBR) shifts of (nsnp ^3P_0) - (ns^2 ^1S_0) clock
transition in divalent atoms Mg, Ca, Sr, and Yb are evaluated. A theory of
multipolar BBR shifts is developed and its implications are discussed. At room
temperatures, the resulting uncertainties in the BBR shifts are relatively
large and substantially affect the projected 10^{-18} fractional accuracy of
the optical-lattice-based clocks.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Physical Review Letter
"Dressing" lines and vertices in calculations of matrix elements with the coupled-cluster method and determination of Cs atomic properties
We consider evaluation of matrix elements with the coupled-cluster method.
Such calculations formally involve infinite number of terms and we devise a
method of partial summation (dressing) of the resulting series. Our formalism
is built upon an expansion of the product of cluster amplitudes
into a sum of -body insertions. We consider two types of insertions:
particle/hole line insertion and two-particle/two-hole
random-phase-approximation-like insertion. We demonstrate how to ``dress''
these insertions and formulate iterative equations. We illustrate the dressing
equations in the case when the cluster operator is truncated at single and
double excitations. Using univalent systems as an example, we upgrade
coupled-cluster diagrams for matrix elements with the dressed insertions and
highlight a relation to pertinent fourth-order diagrams. We illustrate our
formalism with relativistic calculations of hyperfine constant and
electric-dipole transition amplitude for Cs atom. Finally,
we augment the truncated coupled-cluster calculations with otherwise omitted
fourth-order diagrams. The resulting analysis for Cs is complete through the
fourth-order of many-body perturbation theory and reveals an important role of
triple and disconnected quadruple excitations.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures; submitted to Phys. Rev.
Accurate relativistic many-body calculations of van der Waals coefficients C_8 and C_10 for alkali-metal dimers
We consider long-range interactions between two alkali-metal atoms in their
respective ground states. We extend the previous relativistic many-body
calculations of C_6 dispersion coefficients [Phys.Rev. Lett. {\bf 82}, 3589
(1999)] to higher-multipole coefficients C_8 and C_10. A special attention is
paid to usually omitted contribution of core-excited states. We calculate this
contribution within relativistic random-phase approximation and demonstrate
that for heavy atoms core excitations contribute as much as 10% to the
dispersion coefficients. We tabulate results for both homonuclear and
heteronuclear dimers and estimate theoretical uncertainties. The estimated
uncertainties for C_8 coefficients range from 0.5% for Li_2 to 4% for Cs_2.Comment: 12 pages, submitted to Journal of Chemical Physic
Hyperfine quenching of the metastable states in divalent atoms
Hyperfine quenching rates of the lowest-energy metastable and
states of Mg, Ca, Sr, and Yb atoms are computed. The calculations are carried
out using ab initio relativistic many-body methods. The computed lifetimes may
be useful for designing novel ultra-precise optical clocks and trapping
experiments with the fermionic isotopes. The resulting natural widths of
the clock transition are 0.44 mHz for Mg, 2.2 mHz for
Ca, 7.6 mHz for Sr, 43.5 mHz for Yb, and 38.5 mHz for
Yb. Compared to the bosonic isotopes, the lifetime of the states
in fermionic isotopes is noticeably shortened by the hyperfine quenching but
still remains long enough for trapping experiments.Comment: 10 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Alkaline earth atoms in optical tweezers
We demonstrate single-shot imaging and narrow-line cooling of individual
alkaline earth atoms in optical tweezers; specifically, strontium-88 atoms
trapped in light. We achieve high-fidelity
single-atom-resolved imaging by detecting photons from the broad singlet
transition while cooling on the narrow intercombination line, and extend this
technique to highly uniform two-dimensional arrays of tweezers. Cooling
during imaging is based on a previously unobserved narrow-line Sisyphus
mechanism, which we predict to be applicable in a wide variety of experimental
situations. Further, we demonstrate optically resolved sideband cooling of a
single atom close to the motional ground state of a tweezer. Precise
determination of losses during imaging indicate that the branching ratio from
P to D is more than a factor of two larger than commonly
quoted, a discrepancy also predicted by our ab initio calculations. We also
measure the differential polarizability of the intercombination line in a
tweezer and achieve a magic-trapping configuration by tuning
the tweezer polarization from linear to elliptical. We present calculations, in
agreement with our results, which predict a magic crossing for linear
polarization at and a crossing independent of polarization
at 500.65(50)nm. Our results pave the way for a wide range of novel
experimental avenues based on individually controlled alkaline earth atoms in
tweezers -- from fundamental experiments in atomic physics to quantum
computing, simulation, and metrology implementations
Marked influence of the nature of chemical bond on CP-violating signature in molecular ions and
Heavy polar molecules offer a great sensitivity to the electron Electric
Dipole Moment(EDM). To guide emerging searches for EDMs with molecular ions, we
estimate the EDM-induced energy corrections for hydrogen halide ions
and in their respective ground states. We find that the energy corrections due to EDM for the two
ions differ by an unexpectedly large factor of fifteen. We demonstrate that a
major part of this enhancement is due to a dissimilarity in the nature of the
chemical bond for the two ions: the bond that is nearly of ionic character in
exhibits predominantly covalent nature in .
We conclude that because of this enhancement the HI ion may be a
potentially competitive candidate for the EDM search.Comment: This manuscript has been accepted for publication in Physical Review
Letters. The paper is now being prepared for publicatio
Isotope shifts of the (3s3p)P - (3s4s)S Mg I transitions
We report measurements of the isotope shifts of the (3s3p)P -
(3s4s)S Mg I transitions for the stable isotopes Mg (I=0),
Mg (I=5/2) and Mg (I=0). Furthermore the Mg S
hyperfine coefficient A(S) = (-321.6 1.5) MHz is extracted and
found to be in excellent agreement with state-of-the-art theoretical
predictions giving A(S) = -325 MHz and B(S)
MHz. Compared to previous measurements, the data presented in this work is
improved up to a factor of ten.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures submitted to PR
Possibility of an ultra-precise optical clock using the transition in Yb atoms held in an optical lattice
We report calculations designed to assess the ultimate precision of an atomic
clock based on the 578 nm transition in Yb atoms
confined in an optical lattice trap. We find that this transition has a natural
linewidth less than 10 mHz in the odd Yb isotopes, caused by hyperfine
coupling. The shift in this transition due to the trapping light acting through
the lowest order AC polarizability is found to become zero at the magic trap
wavelength of about 752 nm. The effects of Rayleigh scattering, higher-order
polarizabilities, vector polarizability, and hyperfine induced electronic
magnetic moments can all be held below a mHz (about a part in 10^{18}), except
in the case of the hyperpolarizability larger shifts due to nearly resonant
terms cannot be ruled out without an accurate measurement of the magic
wavelength.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur