Methodological Approach to Company Cash Flows Target-Oriented Forecasting Based on Financial Position Analysis

The article treats a new methodological approach to the company cash flows target-oriented forecasting based on its financial position analysis. The approach is featured to be universal and presumes application of the following techniques developed by the author: financial ratio values correction techniques and correcting cash flows techniques. The financial ratio values correction technique assumes to analyze and forecast company financial position while the correcting cash flows technique is related to company cash inflows and outflows forecast enabling to improve its financial position. Basing on computation results one can put forward proposals to establish target-oriented company financial strategy with a view to improve its financial position.target-oriented forecasting, cash flows, financial ratios, financial position

Target Financial Forecasting as a Basis of Anticrisis Financial Management

The paper considers conceptual, methodical and practical aspects of the target financial analysis at the micro level, i.e., the company level, as a new instrument of anticrisis financial management for a company to overcome its financial difficulties and enhance its financial position within a time-period of practically any length. The methodology of the research, the results being presented in the paper, is based on the concept of the financial ratio analysis, the concept of the company cash flows, and the concept of the Balanced Scorecard (in terms of its financial score). It is depicted that the procedure of the target financial forecasting comprises an appropriate information-accounting support, a target financial forecasting of the company financial position, a target forecasting of the company’s cash flows, a development of the specific events (managements’ decisions) aimed at overcoming the company’s financial difficulties and enhancing its financial position. The author has stated that in the present-day environment the target financial forecasting is an effective instrument of the financial forecasting that enables to set up the base for overcoming the company’s financial difficulties and strengthening its financial position. The major fields of the target financial forecasting application are an anticrisis bankrupt company management, a management of the company at the verge of its bankruptcy, as well as a company’s investment appeal enhancement (in terms of its financial aspect). Keywords: target forecasting, financial ratios, cash flows, financial difficulties, company JEL codes: G39, M41, G32, G34, C0

Dividend Policy Modeling in Neutral Implementation Approach Conditions

The article treats a concept of the formalized modeling of the dividend policy scores and company marketing performance scores derived (stock market position) within neutral dividend policy implementation approach conditions as an instrument of the scores analysis and forecasting. The methodology of the research consists of the Dividend Irrelevance theory, Dividend Policy Significance theory and sustainable company development concept. It has been stated that a formalized approach of the dividend policy implementation presumes a construction of the basic relevent scores models characterizing the company dividend policy and its marketing performance as Dividend Payout, Dividend Cover, expected Share Price, Dividend Yield, Price / Earnings Ratio (common stock price/earnings ratio). The formalized models of the scores mentioned are applicable for a forecast-analytical scores evaluation and their variances as well by estimating an impact of the models defining factors exercised by the appropriate factoring analysis method within the neutral dividend policy implementation approach conditions. The conclusion is drawn, that the formalized models of the dividend policy scores and company marketing performance scores derived, having been developed, are an effective instrument for their forecasting and analysis so that proactive decisions to manage the company dividend policy implementation within neutral approach conditions are ensured.Keywords: dividend policy, neutral approach, analysis, forecasting, modeling, companyJEL codes: G32, G34, G35DOI: 10.7176/RJFA/11-14-16Publication date:July 31st 202

Applied Strategic After-Sale Service Analysis as a New Instrument to Research its Strategic Aspects

The paper treats practical and theoretical aspects of the applied strategic analysis having been developed by the author utilized by an organization in the process of its strategic after-sales service aspects research, the after-sales service score, basing on the score of the same name of the balanced scorecard. The methodology of the research consists of the concept of the balanced scorecard by Kaplan R. S., and Norton D. P. and the concept of the applied strategic analysis developed by the author. The applied strategic after-sales service analysis is assumed to encompass comparative assessment, variances diagnostics and forecast of the balanced scorecard after-sales service score value within the organization strategic goals. The analysis comprises the speed of billing, payment for the goods sold, arbitrations settlement as well as analysis of due updating of the goods delivered, speed of warranty and repair excellence, and speed of poor quality goods replacement (in case of the delivery). The applied strategic after-sales service analysis commences with the comparative assessment of the outcome indicators values for the speed of billing, payment for the goods sold, arbitrations settlement and is completed with the forecast of the factoring indicators values of speed of poor quality goods replacement (in case of the delivery). The results can be applied for long-, middle- and short-term managerial decisions development in the field of the after-sales service organization activity. The methodical instruments of the applied strategic after-sales service analysis includes methods of absolute, relative and average values, comparison, grouping, graphical and table methods, correlation-regression analysis, factoring analysis, cluster analysis, as well as expert evaluation method. The conclusion is drawn that the applied strategic after-sales service analysis is a new and sufficiently effective tool to research strategic aspects of the organization after-sales service activity and to form an analytical support for the strategic after-sales service management in the present-day economic environment. Keywords: applied strategic analysis, balanced scorecard, after-sales service, management, organization JEL codes: L29, M19, M41 DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/11-24-06 Publication date: August 31st 201

Concept of the Applied Strategic Operational Analysis

The paper treats theoretical aspects of the applied strategic operational analysis based on the balanced scorecard operational element developed by the author and its likely application to research strategic organization operational activity aspects. The methodology of the research is the balanced scorecard concept as well as the author’s applied strategic analysis concept. The applied strategic operational analysis is assumed to encompass comparative assessment, variances diagnostics and forecast of the balanced scorecard operational element within the strategic operational goals. Due goods delivery, manufacturing cost and products quality compliance with customer’s demand are to be analyzed. The applied strategic operational analysis commences from the comparative assessment of the outcome due goods delivery indicators and is completed with the forecast of the products quality compliance with customers’ demand indicators. The results can be applied for long-, middle- and short-term managerial decisions development in the field of an operational organization activity. The applied strategic operational analysis technique comprises methods of absolute, relative and average values, comparison, grouping, graphical and table methods, correlation-regression analysis, factoring analysis, cluster analysis, as well as expert evaluation method. The conclusion is drawn that the applied strategic operational analysis is a new and sufficiently effective tool to research strategic aspects of the organization operational activity and to form an analytical support for the strategic operational management in the present-day economic environment. Keywords: applied strategic analysis, balanced scorecard, management, operations, organization JEL codes: L29, M11, M4

Applied Strategic Financial Analysis within Strategic Management of Organization Finance

The article considers theoretical aspects of the applied strategic financial analysis developed by author and based on the financial element of the balanced scorecard to be applied in the research process of the strategic organization financial activity aspects. The methodology of the research is the Balanced Scorecard concept (BSC) as well as the concept of the applied strategic analysis concept having been developed by the author, and the methodological approach to the target forecast of the organization financial flows resulting from the results of its financial position analysis.  The applied strategic financial analysis is depicted to encompass comparative assessment, variances diagnostics and indicators forecast of the financial BSC element within the strategic financial goals. The author draws a conclusion that the applied strategic financial analysis is an innovative and sufficiently effective instrument to research strategic aspects of the organization financial activity and to form an analytical support for its strategic financial management. The applied strategic financial analysis results in ability to be employed for the long-term, medium and short-term optimal management decisions in the field of the organization financial activity. Keywords: applied strategic financial analysis, applied strategic analysis, balanced scorecard, organization JEL codes: G30, M19, M4

Synthetic, Switchable Enzymes

The construction of switchable, radiation-controlled, aptameric enzymes – “swenzymes” – is, in principle, feasible. We propose a strategy to make such catalysts from 2 (or more) aptamers each selected to bind specifically to one of the substrates in, for example, a 2-substrate reaction. Construction of a combinatorial library of candidate swenzymes entails selecting a set of a million aptamers that bind one substrate and a second set of a million aptamers that bind the second substrate; the aptamers in these sets are then linked pairwise by a linker, thus bringing together the substrates. In the presence of the substrates, some linked aptamer pairs catalyze the reaction when exposed to external energy in the form of a specific frequency of low intensity, nonionizing electromagnetic or acoustic radiation. Such swenzymes are detected via a separate product-capturing aptamer that changes conformation on capturing the product; this altered conformation allows it (1) to bind to every potential swenzyme in its vicinity (thereby giving a higher probability of capture to the swenzymes that generate the product) and (2) to bind to a sequence on a magnetic bead (thereby permitting purification of the swenzyme plus product-capturing aptamer by precipitation). Attempts to implement the swenzyme strategy may help elucidate fundamental problems in enzyme catalysis

Modular approach to select bacteriophages targeting Pseudomonas aeruginosa for their application to children suffering with cystic fibrosis

This review discusses the potential application of bacterial viruses (phage therapy) towards the eradication of antibiotic resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in children with cystic fibrosis (CF). In this regard, several potential relationships between bacteria and their bacteriophages are considered. The most important aspect that must be addressed with respect to phage therapy of bacterial infections in the lungs of CF patients is in ensuring the continuity of treatment in light of the continual occurrence of resistant bacteria. This depends on the ability to rapidly select phages exhibiting an enhanced spectrum of lytic activity among several well-studied phage groups of proven safety. We propose a modular based approach, utilizing both mono-species and hetero-species phage mixtures. With an approach involving the visual recognition of characteristics exhibited by phages of well-studied phage groups on lawns of the standard P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain, the simple and rapid enhancement of the lytic spectrum of cocktails is permitted, allowing the development of tailored preparations for patients capable of circumventing problems associated with phage resistant bacterial mutants

Selection of aptamers by systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment: addressing the polymerase chain reaction issue

Abstract Aptamers are DNA oligonucleotides capable of binding different classes of targets with high affinity and selectivity. They are particularly attractive as affinity probes in multiplexed quantitative analysis of proteins. Aptamers are typically selected from large libraries of random DNA sequences in a general approach termed systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). SELEX involves repetitive rounds of two processes: (i) partitioning of aptamers from non-aptamers by an affinity method and (ii) amplification of aptamers by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). New partitioning methods, which are characterized by exceptionally high efficiency of partitioning, have been recently introduced. For the overall SELEX procedure to be efficient, the high efficiency of new partitioning methods has to be matched by high efficiency of PCR. Here we present the first detailed study of PCR amplification of random DNA libraries used in aptamer selection. With capillary electrophoresis as an analytical tool, we found fundamental differences between PCR amplification of homogeneous DNA templates and that of large libraries of random DNA sequences. Product formation for a homogeneous DNA template proceeds until primers are exhausted. For a random DNA library as a template, product accumulation stops when PCR primers are still in excess of the products. The products then rapidly convert to by-products and virtually disappear after only 5 additional cycles of PCR. The yield of the products decreases with the increasing length of DNA molecules in the library. We also proved that the initial number of DNA molecules in PCR mixture has no effect on the by-products formation. While the increase of the Taq DNA polymerase concentration in PCR mixture selectively increases the yield of PCR products. Our findings suggest that standard procedures of PCR amplification of homogeneous DNA samples cannot be transferred to PCR amplification of random DNA libraries: to ensure efficient SELEX, PCR has to be optimized for the amplification of random DNA libraries