Bilateral Sigmoid Sinus Thrombosis and Otitis Media

Sigmoid sinus thrombosis is a rare complication of otitis media and is known to be unilateral. In this report, we present a case of bilateral sigmoid sinus thrombosis secondary to bilateral otitis. To the best of our knowledge, there are no bilateral-simultaneous cases reported in literature to date. Here, the diagnosis of and treatment for the disease as well as predisposing factors are discussed

Mastoid Osteoma; A Case Report and Review of Literature

Osteomas of the temporal bone are rare and are usually located in the external acoustic canal, squamous part of the temporal bone, middle ear, glenoid fossa, Eustachian tube, styloid process, internal acoustic canal. A limited number of mastoid osteomas have been reported in the literature. These tumors are usually nonsymptomatic unless they are too big leading to cosmetic deformity. In this report, a young male patient diagnosed with mastoid osteom is presented with literature review

Effect of Pregnancy on Vocal Cord Histology: An Animal Experiment

Background: Voice may be affected during the period of pregnancy, especially in the third trimester. However, the exact mechanisms leading to the phonatory changes have not yet uncovered. Study Design: Animal experiment. Methods: Twenty-five Wistar-Albino female rats were divided into four groups: control group, pregnancy day 7 (Group 1), pregnancy day 14 (Group 2) and pregnancy day 20 (Group 3). The laryngeal specimens were obtained under general anesthesia. Histological assessment was performed using Hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue. A stereological analysis of vocal cord tissue was performed using a NISElements D32 Imaging Software. Results: Lamina propria was observed to be edematous, and the lamina propria area was thickened starting from the second trimester. Glycosaminoglycans were observed to increase in the second trimester. Although none was encountered in the control, mast cells were observed in the lamina propria layer of the vocal cord starting in the muscular layer in the first trimester proceed to the subepithelial region as degranulated just before term. The covering epithelium remained unchanged throughout pregnancy. Conclusion: Lamina propria thickening may be attributed to both edema and increased glycosaminoglycans. The presence of mast cells in the cordal tissue may induce edema during pregnancy in rats