Estado nutricional antropométrico, práctica de actividad física y actividades sedentarias en adolescentes de 13-17 años de un colegio femenino privado perteneciente a la Localidad de Chapinero Bogotá D.C.

El siguiente estudio identifica la práctica de actividades físicas y sedentarias según el estado nutricional de las adolescentes entre los 13 y los 17 años estudiantes de un colegio femenino privado perteneciente a la Localidad de Chapinero- Bogotá D.C. Participaron 111 adolescentes, se realizó valoración nutricional antropométrica (peso y talla), se emplearon los estándares de crecimiento de la OMS y puntos de corte de la Resolución 2121 de 2010. Se utilizo el IPAQ para indagar sobre actividad física y se aplicó una encuesta para actividades sedentarias. Se realizó prueba X2 y prueba exacta de Fisher para establecer asociación entre estado nutricional, práctica de actividad física y sedentaria. El 70.3% de las adolescente tienen un IMC adecuado para la edad, el 25.2% presenta exceso de peso, según el indicador T/E el 78.4% tiene talla adecuada. El 45% de las adolescentes tiene un nivel leve de actividad física, el tiempo promedio de actividad física es de 252 minutos semanales. La actividad sedentaria que predomina es el uso del computador (40.5%), el 24.6% realizan actividades sedentarias por más de 2 horas diarias. No se encontró asociación entre nivel leve de actividad física y exceso de peso (p=0.927), no existe relación entre déficit de peso y nivel alto o moderado de actividad física (p=0.465), el exceso de peso no se encuentra asociado con realizar actividades sedentarias por más de 2 horas diariamente (p=0.834). Las actividades sedentarias se realizan diariamente y la frecuencia de práctica de actividad física es en promedio 3 veces por semana.Nutricionista DietistaPregrad

Influence of a Functional Nutrients-Enriched Infant Formula on Language Development in Healthy Children at Four Years Old

Nutrition during early life is essential for brain development and establishes the basis for cognitive and language skills development. It is well established that breastfeeding, compared to formula feeding, has been traditionally associated with increased neurodevelopmental scores up to early adulthood. We analyzed the long-term effects of a new infant formula enriched with bioactive compounds on healthy children’s language development at four years old. In a randomized double-blind COGNIS study, 122 children attended the follow-up call at four years. From them, 89 children were fed a standard infant formula (SF, n = 46) or an experimental infant formula enriched with functional nutrients (EF, n = 43) during their first 18 months of life. As a reference group, 33 exclusively breastfed (BF) were included. Language development was assessed using the Oral Language Task of Navarra-Revised (PLON-R). ANCOVA, chi-square test, and logistic regression models were performed. EF children seemed to show higher scores in use of language and oral spontaneous expression than SF children, and both SF and EF groups did not differ from the BF group. Moreover, it seems that SF children were more frequently categorized into “need to improve and delayed” in the use of language than EF children, and might more frequently present “need to improve and delayed” in the PLON-R total score than BF children. Finally, the results suggest that SF children presented a higher risk of suffering language development than BF children. Secondary analysis also showed a slight trend between low socioeconomic status and poorer language skills. The functional compound-enriched infant formula seems to be associated with beneficial long-term effects in the development of child’s language at four years old in a similar way to breastfed infants.This project has been funded by Ordesa Laboratories, S.L. Contract University of Granada General Foundation, No. 3349 and SMARTFOODS (CIEN) Contract University of Granada General Foundation, No. 4003, Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness; funded in part by HORIZON 2020 EU DynaHEALTH Project (GA No.633595). Natalia Sepúlveda-Valbuena has been granted with a scholarship from Fundación Carolina, Madrid, Spai

Growth patterns and breast milk/infant formula energetic efficiency in healthy infants up to 18 months of life: the COGNIS study

This project has been funded by Laboratorios Ordesa, S. L. Contract University of Granada General Foundation, No. 3349 and SMARTFOODS (CIEN) Contract University of Granada General Foundation, No. 4003, Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, and partially funded by HORIZON 2020 EU DynaHEALTH Project (GA No.633595). N. S-V. has been granted with a scholarship from Fundaci ' on Carolina, Madrid, Spain.Type of feeding during early life influences growth trajectory and metabolic risk at later ages. Modifications in infant formula composition have led to evaluate their effects on growth and energetic efficiency (EE) compared with breast-feeding. Main goal was to analyse type of feeding potential effects during first months of life, plus its EE, on growth patterns in healthy formula fed (standard infant formula (SF) vs. experimental infant formula enriched with bioactive nutrients (EF)) and breastfed (BF) infants participating in the COGNIS RCT (http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT02094547) up to 18 months of age. Infants follow-up to 18 months of age (n 141) fed with a SF (n 48), EF(n 56), or BF (n 37), were assessed for growth parameters using WHO standards. Growth velocity (GV) and catch-up were calculated to identify growth patterns. EE of breast milk/infant formula was also estimated. Infants' growth at 6 months showed higher length and lower head circumference gains in SF and EF infants than BF infants. Both weight-for-length and weight-for-age catch-up growth showed significant differences in formula fed groups compared with the BF. No significant differences in GV or catch-up were found at 6-12 and 12-18 months. Regarding EE, infant formula groups showed significantly lower weight and length gains/g of milk protein, and higher weight and length gains/g of milk lipids, than the BF infants. GV during first 6 months, which may be influenced by feeding, seems to be the main predictor of subsequent growth trajectory. Breast-feeding may have positive effects on growth programming due to its nutrients' EE.Laboratorios Ordesa, S. L. Contract University of Granada General Foundation 3349SMARTFOODS (CIEN) Contract University of Granada General Foundation 4003Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and CompetitivenessHORIZON 2020 EU DynaHEALTH Project 633595Fundacion Carolina, Madrid, Spai

Cortical Visual Evoked Potentials and Growth in Infants Fed with Bioactive Compounds-Enriched Infant Formula: Results from COGNIS Randomized Clinical Trial

Postnatal nutrition is essential for growth and neurodevelopment. We analyzed the influence of a new enriched-infant formula with bioactive compounds on growth, neurodevelopment, and visual function (VF) in healthy infants during their first 18 months of life. A total of 170 infants were randomized in the COGNIS randomized clinical trial (RCT) to receive a standard infant formula (SF = 85) or a new experimental infant formula supplemented with functional nutrients (EF = 85). As a control, 50 breastfed infants (BF) were enrolled. Growth patterns were evaluated up to 18 months of life; neurodevelopment was assessed by general movements at 2, 3, and 4 months; VF was measured by cortical visual evoked potentials at 3 and 12 months. No differences in growth and neurodevelopment were found between groups. Regarding VF, SF and EF infants presented prolonged latencies and lower amplitudes in the P100 wave than BF infants. In the EF group, a higher percentage of infants presented response at 7 1/2' of arc at 12 months compared to 3 months of age; a similar proportion of BF and EF infants presented responses at 7 1/2' of arc at 12 months of age. Early nutritional intervention with bioactive compounds could narrow the gap in growth and neurodevelopment between breastfed and formula-fed infants.This project has been funded by Ordesa Laboratories, S.L. Contract University of Granada General Foundation, No. 3349 and SMARTFOODS (CIEN) Contract University of Granada General Foundation, No. 4003, Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness; funded in part by HORIZON 2020 EU DynaHEALTH Project (GA No.633595)

The Effects of an Infant Formula Enriched with Milk Fat Globule Membrane, Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Synbiotics on Child Behavior up to 2.5 Years Old: The COGNIS Study

Although early life nutrition influences brain development and mental health, the long-term e ects of supplemented infant formula on children´s behavior remain unclear. We analyzed the e ects of a bioactive nutrients-enriched-infant formula on children’s behavior up to 2.5 years, compared to a standard infant formula or breastfeeding. Current analysis involved 70 children who were fed a standard infant formula (SF, n = 29) or a bioactive compounds enriched-infant formula (EF, n = 41), during their first 18 months of life, and 33 breastfed (BF) children (reference group) participating in the COGNIS study. Behavioral problems were evaluated using the Child Behavior Checklist at 18 months and 2.5 years. Di erent statistical analyses were performed using SPSS. EF children aged 2.5 years presented fewer pathological a ective problems than SF children. Besides, SF children were classified more frequently as bordering on internalizing problems than BF children. Rates of externalizing problems were increased in SF infants compared to EF and BF infants. Higher maternal IQ was found to have beneficial e ects on internalizing and total problem rate in their o spring at 18 months of life; finally, higher maternal educational level was related with fewer ADHD problems in children at 18 months, as well as internalizing, externalizing, total and anxiety problems in children aged 2.5 years. Our analysis suggests that enriched infant formula fed infants seem to show fewer behavioral problems up to 2.5 years compared to a standard infant formula-fed infants. In addition to type of early feeding, maternal IQ and educational level seem to play a key role on children behavioral development.Ordesa LaboratoriesS.L. Contract University of Granada General Foundation 3349SMARTFOODS (CIEN) Contract University of Granada General Foundation 4003Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and CompetitivenessHORIZON 2020 EU DynaHEALTH Project 633595Fundación Carolina, Madrid, SpainCatedra ORDESA-University of Granada, Spain as part of Special Issue "Early Nutrition and Re-programming of Health and Disease

Infant Formula Supplemented With Milk Fat Globule Membrane, Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, and Synbiotics Is Associated With Neurocognitive Function and Brain Structure of Healthy Children Aged 6 Years: The COGNIS Study

Background: Adequate nutrient intake during the first few months of life plays a critical role on brain structure and function development. Objectives: To analyze the long-term effects of an experimental infant formula (EF) on neurocognitive function and brain structure in healthy children aged 6 years compared to those fed with a standard infant formula or breastfed. Methods: The current study involved 108 healthy children aged 6 years and participating in the COGNIS Study. At 0-2 months, infants were randomized to receive up to 18 months of life a standard infant formula (SF) or EF enriched with milk fat globule membrane (MFGM), long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) and synbiotics. Furthermore, a reference group of breastfed (BF) infants were also recruited. Children were assessed using neurocognitive tests and structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) at 6 years old. Results: Experimental infant formula (EF) children showed greater volumes in the left orbital cortex, higher vocabulary scores and IQ, and better performance in an attention task than BF children. EF children also presented greater volumes in parietal regions than SF kids. Additionally, greater cortical thickness in the insular, parietal, and temporal areas were found in children from the EF group than those fed with SF or BF groups. Further correlation analyses suggest that higher volumes and cortical thickness of different parietal and frontal regions are associated with better cognitive development in terms of language (verbal comprehension) and executive function (working memory). Finally, arachidonic acid (ARA), adrenic acid (AdA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels in cheek cell glycerophospholipids, ARA/DHA ratio, and protein, fatty acid, and mineral intake during the first 18 months of life seem to be associated with changes in the brain structures at 6 years old. Conclusions: Supplemented infant formula with MFGM components, LC-PUFAs, and synbiotics seems to be associated to long-term effects on neurocognitive development and brain structure in children at 6 years old.This project has been funded by Laboratorios Ordesa, S.L. Contract University of Granada General Foundation, No. 3349 and SMARTFOODS (CIEN) Contract University of Granada General Foundation, No. 4003, Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness. Furthermore, the project has been partially funded by HORIZON 2020 EU DynaHEALTH Project (GA No. 633595).S

A synbiotics, long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, and milk fat globule membranes supplemented formula modulates microbiota maturation and neurodevelopment

Supplementary data to this article can be found online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2022.05.013.Acknowledgments The authors wish to acknowledge the parents and children who participated in the study, and also the paediatricians and researchers of the EURISTIKOS team at the Department of Paediatrics as well as the Genetics Service at Centro de Instrumentación Científica e UGR for their contributions.Funding This project was supported by CDTI (Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico e Industrial) and FEDER (SMARTFOODS: IDI-20141206), Ordesa Laboratories, S.L. (Contract FE-UGR No. 3349), and The Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, and partially supported by HORIZON 2020 EU DynaHEALTH Project (GA No.633595). Alicia Ruiz and Inmaculada Acuña were granted Ph.D. scholarships from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity. Tomás Cerdó was granted a Ph.D. scholarship from Carlos III Health Institute. Natalia Sepúlveda-Valbuena was granted with a scholarship from Fundación Carolina, Madrid, Spain.Background & aims The critical window of concurrent developmental paths of the nervous system and gut microbiota in infancy provides an opportunity for nutritional interventions with potential health benefits later in life. Methods We compared the dynamics of gut microbiota maturation and explored its association with neurodevelopment at 12 months and 4 years of age in 170 full-term healthy infants fed a standard formula (SF) or a new formula (EF) based on standard formula supplemented with synbiotics, long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) and bovine milk fat globule membranes (MFGM), including a breastfed reference group (BF). Results Using Dirichlet Multinomial Modelling, we characterized three microbial enterotypes (Mixed, anaerobic and aerobic profile; Bact, Bacteroides-dominant; Firm, Firmicutes-enriched) and identified a new enterotype dominated by an unidentified genus within Lachnospiraceae (U_Lach). Enterotypes were associated with age (Mixed with baseline, U_Lach with month 6, Bact and Firm with months 12 and 18). Trajectories or timely enterotype shifts in each infant were not random but strongly associated with type of feeding. Trajectories in SF shifted from initial Mixed to U_Lach, Bact or Firm at month. Microbiota maturation in EF split into a fast trajectory as in SF, and a slow trajectory with Mixed to U_Lach, Bact or Firm transitions at months 12 or 18, as in BF. EF infants with slow trajectories were more often in–home reared and born by vaginal delivery to mothers with pre-pregnancy lean BMI. At 12 months of age, language and expressive language scores were significantly higher in EF infants with fast trajectories than in BF. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were similar between EF infants with slow trajectories and BF at 12 months and 4 years of age. Conclusions Feeding a synbiotics, LC-PUFA and MFGM supplemented formula in a specific infant environment promoted probiotic growth and retarded gut microbiota maturation with similar neurodevelopment outcomes to breastfed infants.CDTI (Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico e Industrial) and FEDER (SMARTFOODS: IDI- 20141206)Ordesa Laboratories, S.L. (Contract FE-UGR No. 3349)Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and CompetitivenessHORIZON 2020 EU DynaHEALTH Project (GA No.633595

Efecto de la nutrición en los primeros meses de vida sobre el crecimiento y desarrollo en lactantes hasta los 18 meses de edad

La presente Tesis Doctoral se ha llevado a cabo en el contexto del proyecto COGNIS: "Evaluación del efecto de una nueva fórmula con ingredientes específicos sobre el desarrollo neurocognitivo en lactantes", que es un ensayo clínico aleatorizado (RCT) prospectivo, doble ciego, con una intervención nutricional que utiliza una nueva fórmula infantil suplementada con nutrientes bioactivos. El proyecto COGNIS incluyó a 220 lactantes a término que cumplieron todos los criterios de inclusión, de estos 170 lactantes entre los 0-2 meses fueron aleatorizados (ratio 1:1) para recibir hasta los 18 meses de edad una fórmula infantil estándar (SF) o una fórmula experimental (EF) suplementada con nutrientes bioactivos: componentes de la membrana del glóbulo graso de la leche (MFGM) [(10% de proteína total (wt:wt)], ácidos grasos poliinsaturados de cadena larga (LC-PUFAs) [ácido araquidónico y ácido docosahexaenoico], sinbióticos [mezcla de fructooligosacáridos (FOS) e inulina (proporción 1:1), Bifidobacterium infantis IM1 y Lactobacillus rhamnosus LCS-742], nucleótidos, ácido siálico y proteínas de suero enriquecidas con gangliósidos. Como grupo control se reclutaron 50 lactantes con lactancia materna exclusiva (BF) entre los 0-6 meses de edad. El principal objetivo de la presente Tesis fue identificar el efecto del tipo de alimentación durante los primeros meses de vida sobre el crecimiento y el patrón de ingesta de nutrientes en lactantes sanos alimentados con fórmula infantil (estándar vs. suplementada) y lactantes alimentados con lactancia materna hasta los 18 meses de edad.Tesis Univ. Granada.COGNIS (Laboratorios Ordesa, S.L.,)SMARTFOODS (Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad de España)Proyecto Europeo HORIZON 2020 DynaHEALTH (GA No. 633595)Fundación Carolina (Madrid, España)Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (Bogotá, Colombia

Puntos de impacto en contra de la problemática del siglo XXI: obesidad infantil

La obesidad infantil es considerada actualmente la problemática de salud pública del Siglo XXI según la Organización Mundial de la Salud, la cual hace un llamado a los profesionales del área de la salud a buscar estrategias que favorezcan la reducción de las cifras de obesidad en el mundo. La obesidad infantil debe ser abordada desde diferentes puntos, partiendo de la modificación de hábitos alimentarios, incentivar el incremento de la práctica de actividad física y la reducción de actividades sedentarias en la infancia y destacando la importancia que ejerce el rol de la familia en intervenciones para su prevención y tratamiento. Esta revisión se centra en la búsqueda de los factores que deben ser modificados para la prevención de la obesidad infantil, además de estrategias mundiales y de alto impacto en la reducción en cifras de obesidad infantil, donde de manera independiente o conjunta se realizan intervenciones en educación alimentaria nutricional, favoreciendo la selección de alimentos, estilos de vida saludable y permitiendo que la población infantil se desarrolle en un entorno biopsicosocial, para así disminuir las comorbilidades asociadas a la obesidad infantil y evitar que en la edad adulta se incremente la prevalencia de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles