3,995 research outputs found
Distribution of Caustic-Crossing Intervals for Galactic Binary-Lens Microlensing Events
Detection of caustic crossings of binary-lens gravitational microlensing
events is important because by detecting them one can obtain useful information
both about the lens and source star. In this paper, we compute the distribution
of the intervals between two successive caustic crossings, , for
Galactic bulge binary-lens events to investigate the observational strategy for
the optimal detection and resolution of caustic crossings. From this
computation, we find that the distribution is highly skewed toward short
and peaks at days. For the maximal detection
of caustic crossings, therefore, prompt initiation of followup observations for
intensive monitoring of events will be important. We estimate that under the
strategy of the current followup observations with a second caustic-crossing
preparation time of days, the fraction of events with resolvable
caustic crossing is . We find that if the followup observations can
be initiated within 1 day after the first caustic crossing by adopting more
aggressive observational strategies, the detection rate can be improved into
.Comment: total 6 pages, including 5 Figures and no Table, submitted to MNRA
Decomposed Temporal Dynamic CNN: Efficient Time-Adaptive Network for Text-Independent Speaker Verification Explained with Speaker Activation Map
Temporal dynamic models for text-independent speaker verification extract
consistent speaker information regardless of phonemes by using temporal dynamic
CNN (TDY-CNN) in which kernels adapt to each time bin. However, TDY-CNN shows
limitations that the model is too large and does not guarantee the diversity of
adaptive kernels. To address these limitations, we propose decomposed temporal
dynamic CNN (DTDY-CNN) that makes adaptive kernel by combining static kernel
and dynamic residual based on matrix decomposition. The baseline model using
DTDY-CNN maintained speaker verification performance while reducing the number
of model parameters by 35% compared to the model using TDY-CNN. In addition,
detailed behaviors of temporal dynamic models on extraction of speaker
information was explained using speaker activation maps (SAM) modified from
gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM). In DTDY-CNN, the static
kernel activates voiced features of utterances, and the dynamic residual
activates unvoiced high-frequency features of phonemes. DTDY-CNN effectively
extracts speaker information from not only formant frequencies and harmonics
but also detailed unvoiced phonemes' information, thus explaining its
outstanding performance on text-independent speaker verification.Comment: Submitted to InterSpeech 202
Functional neural differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells using bFGF and forskolin
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from adipose tissue have the capacity to differentiate into mesenchymal as well as endodermal and ectodermal cell lineage <it>in vitro</it>. We characterized the multipotent ability of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hADSCs) as MSCs and investigated the neural differentiation potential of these cells.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Human ADSCs from earlobe fat maintained self-renewing capacity and differentiated into adipocytes, osteoblasts, or chondrocytes under specific culture conditions. Following neural induction with bFGF and forskolin, hADSCs were differentiated into various types of neural cells including neurons and glia <it>in vitro</it>. In neural differentiated-hADSCs (NI-hADSCs), the immunoreactivities for neural stem cell marker (nestin), neuronal markers (Tuj1, MAP2, NFL, NFM, NFH, NSE, and NeuN), astrocyte marker (GFAP), and oligodendrocyte marker (CNPase) were significantly increased than in the primary hADSCs. RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that the mRNA levels encoding for ABCG2, nestin, Tuj1, MAP2, NFL, NFM, NSE, GAP43, SNAP25, GFAP, and CNPase were also highly increased in NI-hADSCs. Moreover, NI-hADSCs acquired neuron-like functions characterized by the display of voltage-dependent tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive sodium currents, outward potassium currents, and prominent negative resting membrane potentials under whole-cell patch clamp recordings. Further examination by RT-PCR showed that NI-hADSCs expressed high level of ionic channel genes for sodium (SCN5A), potassium (MaxiK, Kv4.2, and EAG2), and calcium channels (CACNA1C and CACNA1G), which were expressed constitutively in the primary hADSCs. In addition, we demonstrated that Kv4.3 and Eag1, potassium channel genes, and NE-Na, a TTX-sensitive sodium channel gene, were highly induced following neural differentiation.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These combined results indicate that hADSCs have the same self-renewing capacity and multipotency as stem cells, and can be differentiated into functional neurons using bFGF and forskolin.</p
Materialization of single multicomposite nanowire: entrapment of ZnO nanoparticles in polyaniline nanowire
We present materialization of single multicomposite nanowire (SMNW)-entrapped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) via an electrochemical growth method, which is a newly developed fabrication method to grow a single nanowire between a pair of pre-patterned electrodes. Entrapment of ZnO NPs was controlled via different conditions of SMNW fabrication such as an applied potential and mixture ratio of NPs and aniline solution. The controlled concentration of ZnO NP results in changes in the physical properties of the SMNWs, as shown in transmission electron microscopy images. Furthermore, the electrical conductivity and elasticity of SMNWs show improvement over those of pure polyaniline nanowire. The new nano-multicomposite material showed synergistic effects on mechanical and electrical properties, with logarithmical change and saturation increasing ZnO NP concentration
Development of PIM components for robot surgery
In this study, the micro forcep of end-effector for robot surgery was produced by powder injection molding. The 17-4PH stainless steel powder and binder system based on a wax-polymer were mixed to fabricate the feedstock. The optimum solid loading (vol. %) was determined by the torque rheometer experiments. After injection molding, debinding and sintering were carried out, final product having small and regular patterns was produced.
Frequency Dynamic Convolution: Frequency-Adaptive Pattern Recognition for Sound Event Detection
2D convolution is widely used in sound event detection (SED) to recognize 2D
patterns of sound events in time-frequency domain. However, 2D convolution
enforces translation-invariance on sound events along both time and frequency
axis while sound events exhibit frequency-dependent patterns. In order to
improve physical inconsistency in 2D convolution on SED, we propose frequency
dynamic convolution which applies kernel that adapts to frequency components of
input. Frequency dynamic convolution outperforms the baseline model by 6.3% in
DESED dataset in terms of polyphonic sound detection score (PSDS). It also
significantly outperforms dynamic convolution and temporal dynamic convolution
on SED. In addition, by comparing class-wise F1 scores of baseline model and
frequency dynamic convolution, we showed that frequency dynamic convolution is
especially more effective for detection of non-stationary sound events. From
this result, we verified that frequency dynamic convolution is superior in
recognizing frequency-dependent patterns as non-stationary sound events show
more intricate time-frequency patterns.Comment: Submitted to INTERSPEECH 202
Simulation of Flood Propagation Due to Levee Break Using the Cartesian Cut Cell Method
Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv
Numerical simulation on the two-phase flow pattern in the loop heat pipe with r-134a
This paper discusses the two-phase flow pattern in the loop
heat pipe with R-134a. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
study was carried out using ANSYS FLUENT. VOF model was
used to simulate interface between vapor and liquid phase of R-
134a. A UDF was used to model evaporation and condensation
mass transfer between two phases. For the simulation of increase
of pressure in the loop heat pipe, the ideal gas law was
considered when modelling the density of vapor. The
numerically calculated temperatures in this paper and Fadhl’s
calculated temperatures and experimentally measured
temperatures matched very well [2]. The maximum difference
between the calculated and Fadhl’s temperature data is 2.4 %.
The bubble figure in the loop heat was observed with time passed
in this paper.Papers presented at the 13th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Portoroz, Slovenia on 17-19 July 2017 .International centre for heat and mass transfer.American society of thermal and fluids engineers
Trends and Associated Factors of Use of Opioid, Heroin, and Cannabis Among Patients for Emergency Department Visits in Nevada: 2009–2017
To examine trends and contributing factors of opioid, heroin, and cannabis-associated emergency department (ED) visits in Nevada. The 2009 to 2017 Nevada State ED database (n = 7,950,554 ED visits) were used. Use of opioid, heroin, and cannabis, respectively, was identified by the International Classification of Diseases, 9th & 10th Revisions. Three multivariable models, one for each of the 3 dependent variables, were conducted. Independent variables included year, insurance status, race/ethnicity, use of other substance, and mental health conditions. The number of individuals with opioid, heroin, cannabis-associated ED visits increased 3%, 10%, and 23% annually from 2009 to 2015, particularly among 21 to 29 age group, females, and African Americans. Use of other substance (odds ratio [OR] = 3.91; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.84, 3.99; reference - no use of other substance), mental health conditions (OR = 2.48; 95% CI = 2.43, 2.53; reference – without mental health conditions), Medicaid (OR = 1.41; 95% CI = 1.38, 1.44; reference – non-Medicaid), Medicare (OR = 1.44; 95% CI = 1.39, 1.49; reference – non-Medicare) and uninsured patients (OR = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.49, 1.56; reference - insured) were predictors of all three substance-associated ED visits. With a steady increase in trends of opioid, heroin, and cannabis-associated ED visits in recent years, the main contributing factors include patient sociodemographic factors, mental health conditions, and use of other substances
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