6,520 research outputs found
Quantum Weakdynamics as an SU(3)_I Gauge Theory: Grand Unification of Strong and Electroweak Interactions
Quantum weakdynamics (QWD) as an SU(3)_I gauge theory with the Theta vacuum
term is considered to be the unification of the electroweak interaction as an
SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y gauge theory. The grand unification of SU(3)_I x SU(3)_C
beyond the standard model SU(3)_C x SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y is established by the
group SU(3)_I. The grand unified interactions break down to weak and strong
interactions at a new grand unification scale 10^{3} GeV, through dynamical
spontaneous symmetry breaking (DSSB); the weak and strong coupling constants
are the same, alpha_i = alpha_s ~ 0.12, at this scale. DSSB is realized by the
condensation of scalar fields, postulated to be spatially longitudinal
components of gauge bosons, instead of Higgs particles. Quark and lepton family
generation, the Weinberg angle sin^2 theta_W = 1/4, and the Cabbibo angle sin
theta_C = 1/4 are predicted. The electroweak coupling constants are alpha_z =
alpha_i/3, alpha_w = alpha_i/4, alpha_y = alpha_i/12, and alpha_e = alpha_i/16
= 1/137; there are symmetric isospin interactions.Comment: REVTeX, 20 pages, corrected typographic errors, revised Section I
Chiral Phase Transition at Finite Temperature in the Linear Sigma Model
We study the chiral phase transition at finite temperature in the linear
sigma model by employing a self-consistent Hartree approximation. This
approximation is introduced by imposing self-consistency conditions on the
effective meson mass equations which are derived from the finite temperature
one-loop effective potential. It is shown that in the limit of vanishing pion
mass, namely when the chiral symmetry is exact, the phase transition becomes a
weak first order accompanying a gap in the order parameter as a function of
temperature. This is caused by the long range fluctuations of meson fields
whose effective masses become small in the transition region. It is shown,
however, that with an explicit chiral symmetry breaking term in the Lagrangian
which generates the realistic finite pion mass the transition is smoothed out
irrespective of the choice of coupling strength.Comment: 21 pages, Late
A Syllable-based Technique for Word Embeddings of Korean Words
Word embedding has become a fundamental component to many NLP tasks such as
named entity recognition and machine translation. However, popular models that
learn such embeddings are unaware of the morphology of words, so it is not
directly applicable to highly agglutinative languages such as Korean. We
propose a syllable-based learning model for Korean using a convolutional neural
network, in which word representation is composed of trained syllable vectors.
Our model successfully produces morphologically meaningful representation of
Korean words compared to the original Skip-gram embeddings. The results also
show that it is quite robust to the Out-of-Vocabulary problem.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Accepted for EMNLP 2017 Workshop - The
1st Workshop on Subword and Character level models in NLP (SCLeM
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