Self-Healable and Recyclable Biomass-Derived Polyurethane Networks through Carbon Dioxide Immobilization

Due to growing environmental issues, research on carbon dioxide (CO2) use is widely conducted and efforts are being made to produce useful materials from biomass-derived resources. However, polymer materials developed by a combined strategy (i.e., both CO2-immobilized and biomass-derived) are rare. In this study, we synthesized biomass-derived poly(carbonate-co-urethane) (PCU) networks using CO2-immobilized furan carbonate diols (FCDs) via an ecofriendly method. The synthesis of FCDs was performed by directly introducing CO2 into a biomass-derived 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan. Using mechanochemical synthesis (ball-milling), the PCU networks were effortlessly prepared from FCDs, erythritol, and diisocyanate, which were then hot-pressed into films. The thermal and thermomechanical properties of the PCU networks were thoroughly characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic (thermal) mechanical analysis, and using a rheometer. The self-healing and recyclable properties of the PCU films were successfully demonstrated using dynamic covalent bonds. Interestingly, transcarbamoylation (urethane exchange) occurred preferentially as opposed to transcarbonation (carbonate exchange). We believe our approach presents an efficient means for producing sustainable polyurethane copolymers using biomass-derived and CO2-immobilized diols

Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of multiple ascending doses of the novel long-acting glucagon analogue HM15136 in overweight and obese patients with co-morbidities

Aim To evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of multiple ascending doses of the novel long-acting glucagon analogue HM15136 in overweight/obese patients with co-morbidities, with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D).Materials and Methods This was a phase 1, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, two-part trial with a 12-week treatment period of once-weekly subcutaneous HM15136 (0.02/0.04/0.06 mg/kg). Part 1 included patients with dyslipidaemia and/or hypertension and no T2D. Part 2 included patients with dyslipidaemia and/or hypertension plus T2D.Results In part 1, 23/27 (85.2%) patients receiving HM15136 and all patients receiving placebo (9/9 [100%]) experienced a treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE). Five of 27 (18.5%) patients receiving HM15136 developed anti-HM15136 antibodies. Dose-dependent increases in mean HM15136 serum concentration and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were observed, as were dose-dependent weight reductions of 0.5%/2.3%/2.6% at doses of 0.02/0.04/0.06 mg/kg, respectively. In part 2, 8/12 (66.7%) patients receiving HM15136 and all patients receiving placebo (4/4 [100.0%]) reported a TEAE. Two (16.7%) patients developed anti-HM15136 antibodies. Dose-dependent increases in mean HM15136 serum concentration were observed. FPG of more than 200 mg/dL was reported in 4/9 (44.4%) and 2/3 (66.7%) patients receiving 0.02 and 0.06 mg/kg, respectively. The 0.06 mg/kg dose was not tolerated in part 2 because of hyperglycaemia. Patients receiving 0.02 mg/kg showed a 0.9% weight reduction. No serious TEAEs leading to discontinuation were reported in either study part.Conclusions This study of HM15136 provides a preliminary safety and tolerability profile with initial insights into its efficacy profile

Proceedings of the first MadAnalysis 5 workshop on LHC recasting in Korea

International audienceWe present the activities performed during the first MadAnalysis 5 workshop on LHC recasting that has been organized at High 1 (Gangwon privince, Korea) on August 20-27, 2017. This report includes details on the implementation in the MadAnalysis 5 framework of eight ATLAS and CMS analyses, as well as a description of the corresponding validation and the various issues that have been observed