LpL^p-integrability, dimensions of supports of fourier transforms and applications

It is proved that there does not exist any non zero function in $L^p(\R^n)$ with $1\leq p\leq 2n/\alpha$ if its Fourier transform is supported by a set of finite packing $\alpha$-measure where $0<\alpha<n$. It is shown that the assertion fails for $p>2n/\alpha$. The result is applied to prove $L^p$ Wiener-Tauberian theorems for $\R^n$ and M(2)

LpL^p Fourier asymptotics, Hardy type inequality and fractal measures

Suppose $\mu$ is an $\alpha$-dimensional fractal measure for some $0<\alpha<n$. Inspired by the results proved by R. Strichartz in 1990, we discuss the $L^p$-asymptotics of the Fourier transform of $fd\mu$ by estimating bounds of $$\underset{L\rightarrow\infty}{\liminf}\ \frac{1}{L^k} \int_{|\xi|\leq L}\ |\widehat{fd\mu}(\xi)|^pd\xi,$$ for $f\in L^p(d\mu)$ and $2<p<2n/\alpha$. In a different direction, we prove a Hardy type inequality, that is, $$\int\frac{|f(x)|^p}{(\mu(E_x))^{2-p}}d\mu(x)\leq C\ \underset{L\rightarrow\infty}{\liminf} \frac{1}{L^{n-\alpha}} \int_{B_L(0)} |\widehat{fd\mu}(\xi)|^pd\xi$$ where $1\leq p\leq 2$ and $E_x=E\cap(-\infty,x_1]\times(-\infty,x_2]...(-\infty,x_n]$ for $x=(x_1,...x_n)\in\R^n$ generalizing the one dimensional results proved by Hudson and Leckband in 1992

Sharp weighted estimates for multi-frequency Calder\'on-Zygmund operators

In this paper we study weighted estimates for the multi-frequency $\omega-$Calder\'{o}n-Zygmund operators $T$ associated with the frequency set $\Theta=\{\xi_1,\xi_2,\dots,\xi_N\}$ and modulus of continuity $\omega$ satisfying the usual Dini condition. We use the modern method of domination by sparse operators and obtain bounds $\|T\|_{L^p(w)\rightarrow L^p(w)}\lesssim N^{|\frac{1}{r}-\frac{1}{2}|}[w]_{\mathbb{A}_{p/r}}^{max(1,\frac{1}{p-r})},~1\leq r<p<\infty,$ for the exponents of $N$ and $\mathbb{A}_{p/r}$ characteristic $[w]_{\mathbb{A}_{p/r}}$

Superfluid Insulator Transitions of Hard-Core Bosons on the Checkerboard Lattice

We study hard-core bosons on the checkerboard lattice with nearest neighbour unfrustrated hopping $t$ and `tetrahedral' plaquette charging energy $U$. Analytical arguments and Quantum Monte Carlo simulations lead us to the conclusion that the system undergoes a zero temperature ($T$) quantum phase transition from a superfluid phase at small $U/t$ to a large $U/t$ Mott insulator phase with $\rho$ = 1/4 for a range of values of the chemical potential $\mu$. Further, the quarter-filled insulator breaks lattice translation symmetry in a characteristic four-fold ordering pattern, and occupies a lobe of finite extent in the $\mu$-$U/t$ phase diagram. A Quantum Monte-Carlo study slightly away from the tip of the lobe provides evidence for a direct weakly first-order superfluid-insulator transition away from the tip of the lobe. While analytical arguments leads us to conclude that the transition {\em at} the tip of the lobe belongs to a different landau-forbidden second-order universality class, an extrapolation of our numerical results suggests that the size of the first-order jump does not go to zero even at the tip of the lobe.Comment: published versio

Detecting fractions of electrons in the high-TcT_c cuprates

We propose several tests of the idea that the electron is fractionalized in the underdoped and undoped cuprates. These include the ac Josephson effect, and tunneling into small superconducting grains in the Coulomb blockade regime. In both cases, we argue that the results are qualitatively modified from the conventional ones if the insulating tunnel barrier is fractionalized. These experiments directly detect the possible existence of the chargon - a charge $e$ spinless boson - in the insulator. The effects described in this paper provide a means to probing whether the undoped cuprate (despite it's magnetism) is fractionalized. Thus, the experiments discussed here are complementary to the flux-trapping experiment we proposed in our earlier work(cond-mat/0006481).Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure

Fermi surfaces in general co-dimension and a new controlled non-trivial fixed point

Traditionally Fermi surfaces for problems in $d$ spatial dimensions have dimensionality $d-1$, i.e., codimension $d_c=1$ along which energy varies. Situations with $d_c >1$ arise when the gapless fermionic excitations live at isolated nodal points or lines. For $d_c > 1$ weak short range interactions are irrelevant at the non-interacting fixed point. Increasing interaction strength can lead to phase transitions out of this Fermi liquid. We illustrate this by studying the transition to superconductivity in a controlled $\epsilon$ expansion near $d_c = 1$. The resulting non-trivial fixed point is shown to describe a scale invariant theory that lives in effective space-time dimension $D=d_c + 1$. Remarkably, the results can be reproduced by the more familiar Hertz-Millis action for the bosonic superconducting order parameter even though it lives in different space-time dimensions.Comment: 4 page

Majorana spin liquids and projective realization of SU(2) spin symmetry

We revisit the fermionic parton approach to S = 1/2 quantum spin liquids with SU(2) spin rotation symmetry, and the associated projective symmetry group (PSG) classification. We point out that the existing PSG classification is incomplete; upon completing it, we find spin liquid states with S=1 and S=0 Majorana fermion excitations coupled to a deconfined Z2 gauge field. The crucial observation leading us to this result is that, like space group and time reversal symmetries, spin rotations can act projectively on the fermionic partons; that is, a spin rotation may be realized by simultaneous SU(2) spin and gauge rotations. We show that there are only two realizations of spin rotations acting on fermionic partons: the familiar naive realization where spin rotation is not accompanied by any gauge transformation, and a single type of projective realization. We discuss the PSG classification for states with projective spin rotations. To illustrate these results, we show that there are four such PSGs on the two-dimensional square lattice. We study the properties of the corresponding states, finding that one -- with gapless Fermi points -- is a stable phase beyond mean-field theory. In this phase, depending on parameters, a small Zeeman magnetic field can open a partial gap for the Majorana fermion excitations. Moreover, there are nearby gapped phases supporting Z2 vortex excitations obeying non-Abelian statistics. We conclude with a discussion of various open issues, including the challenging question of where such S=1 Majorana spin liquids may occur in models and in real systems.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures. Typos corrected, references adde

A smart material based approach to morphing

This presentation gives an overview of the Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) based approach to the research and13; development of adaptive/smart/morphing airframe structural technologies at the Advanced Composites13; Division, NAL. Central to this approach is the efficient integration of thermal NiTi SMA elements with13; polymeric carbon composites. The SMA elements could be either externally placed or embedded in the13; polymeric composite. The external connection could be in the form of mechanisms / devices